Cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 8 [UDP-forming] - Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Preferred order of sections

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 8 [UDP-forming]
Short name=AtCesA8
EC=2.4.1.12

Alternative name(s):
Protein IRREGULAR XYLEM 1
Short name=AtIRX1
Protein LEAF WILTING 2

Gene names

Name:	CESA8
Synonyms:	IRX1, LEW2
Ordered Locus Names:	At4g18780
ORF Names:	F28A21.190

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	985 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalytic subunit of cellulose synthase terminal complexes ('rosettes'), required for beta-1,4-glucan microfibril crystallization, a major mechanism of the cell wall formation. Involved in the secondary cell wall formation. Required for the xylem cell wall thickening. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.10 Ref.11
Catalytic activity	UDP-glucose + (1,4-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + (1,4-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Cofactor	Binds 2 zinc ions per subunit By similarity.
Pathway	Glycan metabolism; plant cellulose biosynthesis.
Subunit structure	Interacts with CESA4 and CESA7. Assembly with CESA4 and CESA7 is required for functional complex and localization in secondary cell wall deposition sites. Ref.1 Ref.8 Ref.9
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Probable.
Tissue specificity	Confined to secondary cell wall developing tissues such as xylems and interfascicular regions. Expressed in young plants, stems, flowers and inflorescences, but not in leaves. Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.9
Developmental stage	Not found in embryos. Increasing amount as stems mature. Ref.1
Disruption phenotype	Enhanced resistance to the pathogens Ralstonia solanacearum and Plectosphaerella cucumerina. Ref.11
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. Plant cellulose synthase subfamily. Contains 1 RING-type zinc finger.
Sequence caution	The sequence CAB37463.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. The sequence CAB78880.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Cell wall biogenesis/degradation Cellulose biosynthesis
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Domain	Coiled coil Transmembrane Transmembrane helix Zinc-finger
Ligand	Metal-binding Zinc
Molecular function	Glycosyltransferase Transferase
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cellular cell wall organization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cellulose biosynthetic process Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.5. Source: TAIR defense response to bacterium Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.11. Source: TAIR defense response to fungus Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.11. Source: TAIR positive regulation of abscisic acid biosynthetic process Inferred from genetic interaction Ref.11. Source: TAIR response to osmotic stress Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.10. Source: TAIR response to water deprivation Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.10. Source: TAIR secondary cell wall biogenesis Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.5. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	cell wall Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	cellulose synthase (UDP-forming) activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC metal ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 985

985

Cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 8 [UDP-forming]

PRO_0000166374

Regions

Topological domain

1 – 179

179

Cytoplasmic Potential

Transmembrane

180 – 200

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

201 – 208

8

Extracellular Potential

Transmembrane

209 – 229

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

230 – 767

538

Cytoplasmic Potential

Transmembrane

768 – 788

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

789 – 793

5

Extracellular Potential

Transmembrane

794 – 814

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

815 – 829

15

Cytoplasmic Potential

Transmembrane

830 – 850

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

851 – 879

29

Extracellular Potential

Transmembrane

880 – 900

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

901 – 911

11

Cytoplasmic Potential

Transmembrane

912 – 932

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

933 – 941

9

Extracellular Potential

Transmembrane

942 – 962

21

Helical; Potential

Topological domain

963 – 985

23

Cytoplasmic Potential

Zinc finger

9 – 55

47

RING-type; degenerate

Coiled coil

358 – 385

28

Potential

Compositional bias

122 – 140

19

Lys-rich

Compositional bias

565 – 569

5

Poly-Ser

Sites

Active site

304

1

Potential

Active site

683

1

Potential

Metal binding

9

1

Zinc 1 By similarity

Metal binding

12

1

Zinc 1 By similarity

Metal binding

28

1

Zinc 2 By similarity

Metal binding

31

1

Zinc 2 By similarity

Metal binding

36

1

Zinc 1 By similarity

Metal binding

39

1

Zinc 1 By similarity

Metal binding

51

1

Zinc 2 By similarity

Metal binding

54

1

Zinc 2 By similarity

Binding site

470

1

Substrate Potential

Binding site

472

1

Substrate Potential

Amino acid modifications

Glycosylation

857

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

679

1

S → L in irx1-2; reduced levels of crystalline cellulose in secondary cell wall. Ref.1 Ref.5

Mutagenesis

683

1

D → N in irx1-1; reduced levels of crystalline cellulose in secondary cell wall. Ref.1 Ref.5

Mutagenesis

802

1

L → F in lew2-2; enhanced tolerance to drought, salt and osmotic stresses. Higher accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA), proline and soluble sugars. Ref.10

Sequence conflict

18

1

V → A in AAK08700. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

144 – 145

2

HE → QD in AAK08700. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

148

1

I → V in AAK08700. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

157

1

T → M in AAK08700. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

583

1

S → A in AAK08700. Ref.1

Sequences

Sequence

Length

Mass (Da)

Tools

Q8LPK5 [UniParc].

Last modified October 1, 2002. Version 1.
Checksum: D299F357625768E0
Show »

FASTA

985

111,521

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MMESRSPICN TCGEEIGVKS NGEFFVACHE CSFPICKACL EYEFKEGRRI CLRCGNPYDE 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
NVFDDVETKT SKTQSIVPTQ TNNTSQDSGI HARHISTVST IDSELNDEYG NPIWKNRVES 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
WKDKKDKKSK KKKKDPKATK AEQHEAQIPT QQHMEDTPPN TESGATDVLS VVIPIPRTKI 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
TSYRIVIIMR LIILALFFNY RITHPVDSAY GLWLTSVICE IWFAVSWVLD QFPKWSPINR 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
ETYIDRLSAR FEREGEQSQL AAVDFFVSTV DPLKEPPLIT ANTVLSILAL DYPVDKVSCY 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
VSDDGAAMLS FESLVETADF ARKWVPFCKK YSIEPRAPEF YFSLKIDYLR DKVQPSFVKE 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
RRAMKRDYEE FKIRMNALVA KAQKTPEEGW TMQDGTSWPG NNTRDHPGMI QVFLGYSGAR 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
DIEGNELPRL VYVSREKRPG YQHHKKAGAE NALVRVSAVL TNAPFILNLD CDHYVNNSKA 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
VREAMCFLMD PVVGQDVCFV QFPQRFDGID KSDRYANRNI VFFDVNMRGL DGIQGPVYVG 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
TGTVFRRQAL YGYSPPSKPR ILPQSSSSSC CCLTKKKQPQ DPSEIYKDAK REELDAAIFN 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
LGDLDNYDEY DRSMLISQTS FEKTFGLSTV FIESTLMENG GVPDSVNPST LIKEAIHVIS 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
CGYEEKTEWG KEIGWIYGSI TEDILTGFKM HCRGWRSIYC MPLRPAFKGS APINLSDRLH 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
QVLRWALGSV EIFLSRHCPL WYGCSGGRLK LLQRLAYINT IVYPFTSLPL VAYCTLPAIC 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
LLTGKFIIPT LSNLASMLFL GLFISIILTS VLELRWSGVS IEDLWRNEQF WVIGGVSAHL 

       850        860        870        880        890        900 
FAVFQGFLKM LAGLDTNFTV TSKTADDLEF GELYIVKWTT LLIPPTSLLI INLVGVVAGF 

       910        920        930        940        950        960 
SDALNKGYEA WGPLFGKVFF AFWVILHLYP FLKGLMGRQN RTPTIVILWS ILLASVFSLV 

       970        980 
WVRINPFVSK TDTTSLSLNC LLIDC

« Hide

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Multiple cellulose synthase catalytic subunits are required for cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis." Taylor N.G., Laurie S., Turner S.R. Plant Cell 12:2529-2539(2000) [PubMed: 11148295] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, INTERACTION WITH CESA7, MUTAGENESIS OF SER-679 AND ASP-683.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B. McCombie W.R. Nature 402:769-777(1999) [PubMed: 10617198] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Collapsed xylem phenotype of Arabidopsis identifies mutants deficient in cellulose deposition in the secondary cell wall." Turner S.R., Somerville C.R. Plant Cell 9:689-701(1997) [PubMed: 9165747] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF SER-679 AND ASP-683.
[6]	"Higher plant cellulose synthases." Richmond T. Genome Biol. 1:REVIEWS3001.1-REVIEWS3001.6(2000) [PubMed: 11178255] [Abstract] Cited for: GENE FAMILY, NOMENCLATURE.
[7]	"Genetic complexity of cellulose synthase A gene function in Arabidopsis embryogenesis." Beeckman T., Przemeck G.K.H., Stamatiou G., Lau R., Terryn N., De Rycke R., Inze D., Berleth T. Plant Physiol. 130:1883-1893(2002) [PubMed: 12481071] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[8]	"Control of cellulose synthase complex localization in developing xylem." Gardiner J.C., Taylor N.G., Turner S.R. Plant Cell 15:1740-1748(2003) [PubMed: 12897249] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBUNIT.
[9]	"Interactions among three distinct CesA proteins essential for cellulose synthesis." Taylor N.G., Howells R.M., Huttly A.K., Vickers K., Turner S.R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:1450-1455(2003) [PubMed: 12538856] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INTERACTION WITH CESA4 AND CESA7.
[10]	"Disruption of the cellulose synthase gene, AtCesA8/IRX1, enhances drought and osmotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis." Chen Z., Hong X., Zhang H., Wang Y., Li X., Zhu J.-K., Gong Z. Plant J. 43:273-283(2005) [PubMed: 15998313] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF LEU-802.
[11]	"Impairment of cellulose synthases required for Arabidopsis secondary cell wall formation enhances disease resistance." Hernandez-Blanco C., Feng D.X., Hu J., Sanchez-Vallet A., Deslandes L., Llorente F., Berrocal-Lobo M., Keller H., Barlet X., Sanchez-Rodriguez C., Anderson L.K., Somerville S., Marco Y., Molina A. Plant Cell 19:890-903(2007) [PubMed: 17351116] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF267742 mRNA. Translation: AAK08700.1. AL035526 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB37463.1. Sequence problems. AL161549 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB78880.1. Sequence problems. CP002687 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE84089.1. AY099636 mRNA. Translation: AAM20487.1.
IPI	IPI00540646.
PIR	T04870.
RefSeq	NP_567564.1. NM_117994.3.
UniGene	At.66621. At.68239. At.72359.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q8LPK5.
SMR	Q8LPK5. Positions 2-63, 444-501.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
MINT	MINT-6950961.
STRING	Q8LPK5.
Protein family/group databases
CAZy	GT2. Glycosyltransferase Family 2.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q8LPK5.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT4G18780.1; AT4G18780.1; AT4G18780.
GeneID	827612.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT4G18780 in contig CT486007_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT4G18780.
NMPDR	fig\|3702.1.peg.19685.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	5091. 484.
TAIR	At4g18780.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG1215.
GeneTree	EPGT00070000027964.
HOGENOM	HBG744549.
InParanoid	Q8LPK5.
OMA	KVFFAFW.
PhylomeDB	Q8LPK5.
ProtClustDB	PLN02195.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	Q8LPK5.
GermOnline	AT4G18780. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR005150. Cellulose_synth. IPR013083. Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.30.40.10. Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD. 1 hit.
KO	K10999.
Pfam	PF03552. Cellulose_synt. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00518. ZF_RING_1. False negative. PS50089. ZF_RING_2. False negative. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CESA8_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8LPK5
Secondary accession number(s): Q9C5Z8, Q9SN37

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 30, 2005
Last sequence update:	October 1, 2002
Last modified:	December 14, 2011
This is version 73 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana: entries and gene names

PATHWAY comments

Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Preferred order of sections

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Regions

Sites

Amino acid modifications

Experimental info

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Protein family/group databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Entry information

Relevant documents