Q8IZ21 (PHAR4_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 83.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Phosphatase and actin regulator 4 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 702 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Regulator of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) required for neural tube and optic fissure closure, and enteric neural crest cell (ENCCs) migration during development. Acts as an activator of PP1 by interacting with PPP1CA and preventing phosphorylation of PPP1CA at 'Thr-320'. During neural tube closure, localizes to the ventral neural tube and activates PP1, leading to down-regulate cell proliferation within cranial neural tissue and the neural retina. Also acts as a regulator of migration of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) by activating PP1, leading to dephosphorylation and subsequent activation of cofilin (COF1 or COF2) and repression of the integrin signaling through the RHO/ROCK pathway By similarity. |
| Subunit structure | Binds PPP1CA and actin By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasm By similarity. Cell projection › lamellipodium By similarity. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the phosphatase and actin regulator family. Contains 3 RPEL repeats. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence AAG35507.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. The sequence AAH68508.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous translation. Wrong choice of CDS. The sequence BAB14483.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. The sequence BAB15130.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 51. The sequence CAH18286.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 53. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q8IZ21-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q8IZ21-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-5: MEDPF → MGQADVSRPVNPDAV | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q8IZ21-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-16: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q8IZ21-4) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 6-6: E → DFSREPWNSRGSRPAHYRARHGPGQCGSRRHNTSYQKEEQVLRLWQDLQALEMEEKKK 7-702: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 702 | 702 | Phosphatase and actin regulator 4 | PRO_0000287306 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Repeat | 63 – 88 | 26 | RPEL 1 | ||||||
| Repeat | 583 – 608 | 26 | RPEL 2 | ||||||
| Repeat | 621 – 646 | 26 | RPEL 3 | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 227 – 433 | 207 | Pro-rich | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 478 – 482 | 5 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 508 – 513 | 6 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 118 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 131 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 342 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 344 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 358 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 427 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 432 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 464 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 628 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.7 Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.13 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 16 | 16 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_025436 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 5 | 5 | MEDPF → MGQADVSRPVNPDAV in isoform 2. | VSP_025437 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 6 | 1 | E → DFSREPWNSRGSRPAHYRAR HGPGQCGSRRHNTSYQKEEQ VLRLWQDLQALEMEEKKK in isoform 4. | VSP_039730 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 7 – 702 | 696 | Missing in isoform 4. | VSP_039731 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 183 | 1 | E → G in CAH18286. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 459 | 1 | L → P in BAB14483. Ref.1 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| [1] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 271-702 (ISOFORM 1). |
| [2] | "The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Fetal brain. |
| [3] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 4). Tissue: Adrenal cortex, Skin and Testis. |
| [6] | "Functional prediction of the coding sequences of 75 new genes deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human fetal liver." Zhang C., Yu Y., Zhang S., Wei H., Bi J., Zhou G., Dong C., Zai Y., Xu W., Gao F., Liu M., He F. Submitted (FEB-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 365-702 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Fetal liver. |
| [7] | "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks." Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M. Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-628, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [8] | "A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization." Beausoleil S.A., Villen J., Gerber S.A., Rush J., Gygi S.P. Nat. Biotechnol. 24:1285-1292(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [9] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-131; SER-342; SER-344; THR-358; SER-427; THR-432 AND SER-628, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [10] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Leukemic T-cell. |
| [11] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis." Olsen J.V., Vermeulen M., Santamaria A., Kumar C., Miller M.L., Jensen L.J., Gnad F., Cox J., Jensen T.S., Nigg E.A., Brunak S., Mann M. Sci. Signal. 3:RA3-RA3(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-628, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [12] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [13] | "System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation." Rigbolt K.T., Prokhorova T.A., Akimov V., Henningsen J., Johansen P.T., Kratchmarova I., Kassem M., Mann M., Olsen J.V., Blagoev B. Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-118; SER-464 AND SER-628, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AK023233 mRNA. Translation: BAB14483.1. Different initiation. AK025436 mRNA. Translation: BAB15130.1. Frameshift. CR749449 mRNA. Translation: CAH18286.1. Frameshift. AL670471, CR391992, AL360012 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAM12870.1. CR589951, AL360012, CR391992 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAM12871.1. CH471059 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX07696.1. CH471059 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX07698.1. BC021247 mRNA. Translation: AAH21247.3. BC029266 mRNA. Translation: AAH29266.1. BC068508 mRNA. Translation: AAH68508.1. Sequence problems. AF130081 mRNA. Translation: AAG35507.1. Different initiation. |
| IPI | IPI00217851. IPI00432436. IPI00657967. IPI00845221. |
| RefSeq | NP_001041648.1. NM_001048183.1. NP_076412.3. NM_023923.3. |
| UniGene | Hs.225641. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q8IZ21. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| DIP | DIP-47323N. |
| IntAct | Q8IZ21. 1 interaction. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q8IZ21. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 74728415. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q8IZ21. |
| PRIDE | Q8IZ21. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 65979. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000373836; ENSP00000362942; ENSG00000204138. ENST00000373839; ENSP00000362945; ENSG00000204138. |
| GeneID | 65979. |
| KEGG | hsa:65979. |
| UCSC | uc001bpw.3. human. uc001bpy.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 65979. |
| GeneCards | GC01P028696. |
| HGNC | HGNC:25793. PHACTR4. |
| HPA | HPA028985. |
| MIM | 608726. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q8IZ21. |
| PharmGKB | PA134959472. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG275065. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG108247. |
| OMA | REKSTCS. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4PNXH9. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | Q8IZ21. |
| CleanEx | HS_PHACTR4. |
| Genevestigator | Q8IZ21. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR004018. RPEL_repeat. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF02755. RPEL. 3 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00707. RPEL. 3 hits. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS51073. RPEL. 3 hits. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | PHACTR4. human. |
| GenomeRNAi | 65979. |
| NextBio | 67423. |
| PMAP-CutDB | Q8IZ21. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | PHAR4_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q8IZ21 Secondary accession number(s): A2APK6 Q9H8W6 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
