Q8IXQ6 (PARP9_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 9
Short name=PARP-9
EC=2.4.2.30

Alternative name(s):
B aggressive lymphoma protein

Gene names

Name:	PARP9
Synonyms:	BAL

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	854 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in inducing the expression of IFN-gamma-responsive genes. Ref.6
Catalytic activity	NAD+ + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n)-acceptor = nicotinamide + (ADP-D-ribosyl)(n+1)-acceptor.
Subunit structure	Interacts with DTX3L. Ref.5
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › cytosol. Nucleus. Note: Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytosol. Export to the cytosol depends on the interaction with DTX3L. Ref.1 Ref.6
Tissue specificity	Expressed in lymphocyte-rich tissues, spleen, lymph nodes, peripheral blood lymphocytes and colonic mucosa. Also expressed in nonhematopoietic tissues such as heart and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 is the predominant form. Most abundantly expressed in lymphomas with a brisk host inflammatory response. In diffuse large B-cell lymphomas tumors, expressed specifically by malignant B-cells. Ref.1 Ref.6
Induction	Up-regulated by IFN-gamma in B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Ref.6
Involvement in disease	Note=Overexpressed at significantly higher levels in fatal high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLB-CL) compared to cured low-risk tumors. Overexpression in B-cell lymphoma transfectants may promote malignant B-cell migration. May therefore be involved in promoting B-cell migration and dissemination of high-risk DLB-CL tumors.
Sequence similarities	Contains 2 Macro domains. Contains 1 PARP catalytic domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Repeat
Ligand	NAD
Molecular function	Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cell migration Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	cytosol Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell nucleus Inferred from direct assay Ref.6. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC protein binding Inferred from physical interaction Ref.6. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q8IXQ6-1)

Also known as: Long; L;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q8IXQ6-2)

Also known as: Short; S;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     17-51: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 854	854	Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 9		PRO_0000211339
Regions
	Domain	107 – 296	190	Macro 1
	Domain	306 – 487	182	Macro 2
	Domain	628 – 850	223	PARP catalytic
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	17 – 51	35	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_008505
	Natural variant	21	1	S → L. Corresponds to variant rs34006803 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_056654
	Natural variant	517	1	I → V. Corresponds to variant rs28365795 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_056655
	Natural variant	528	1	Y → C. Ref.1 Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs9851180 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_056656
	Natural variant	651	1	T → A. Corresponds to variant rs6780543 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_056657
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	487	1	S → P in BAF85648. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	839	1	F → S in BAG36276. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (Long) (L) [UniParc]. Last modified October 10, 2003. Version 2. Checksum: CBBB3B4B7CA1CDA4	FASTA	854	96,343
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDFSMVAGAA AYNEKSGRIT SLSLLFQKVF AQIFPQWRKG NTEECLPYKC SETGALGENY 70 80 90 100 110 120 SWQIPINHND FKILKNNERQ LCEVLQNKFG CISTLVSPVQ EGNSKSLQVF RKMLTPRIEL 130 140 150 160 170 180 SVWKDDLTTH AVDAVVNAAN EDLLHGGGLA LALVKAGGFE IQEESKQFVA RYGKVSAGEI 190 200 210 220 230 240 AVTGAGRLPC KQIIHAVGPR WMEWDKQGCT GKLQRAIVSI LNYVIYKNTH IKTVAIPALS 250 260 270 280 290 300 SGIFQFPLNL CTKTIVETIR VSLQGKPMMS NLKEIHLVSN EDPTVAAFKA ASEFILGKSE 310 320 330 340 350 360 LGQETTPSFN AMVVNNLTLQ IVQGHIEWQT ADVIVNSVNP HDITVGPVAK SILQQAGVEM 370 380 390 400 410 420 KSEFLATKAK QFQRSQLVLV TKGFNLFCKY IYHVLWHSEF PKPQILKHAM KECLEKCIEQ 430 440 450 460 470 480 NITSISFPAL GTGNMEIKKE TAAEILFDEV LTFAKDHVKH QLTVKFVIFP TDLEIYKAFS 490 500 510 520 530 540 SEMAKRSKML SLNNYSVPQS TREEKRENGL EARSPAINLM GFNVEEMYEA HAWIQRILSL 550 560 570 580 590 600 QNHHIIENNH ILYLGRKEHD ILSQLQKTSS VSITEIISPG RTELEIEGAR ADLIEVVMNI 610 620 630 640 650 660 EDMLCKVQEE MARKKERGLW RSLGQWTIQQ QKTQDEMKEN IIFLKCPVPP TQELLDQKKQ 670 680 690 700 710 720 FEKCGLQVLK VEKIDNEVLM AAFQRKKKMM EEKLHRQPVS HRLFQQVPYQ FCNVVCRVGF 730 740 750 760 770 780 QRMYSTPCDP KYGAGIYFTK NLKNLAEKAK KISAADKLIY VFEAEVLTGF FCQGHPLNIV 790 800 810 820 830 840 PPPLSPGAID GHDSVVDNVS SPETFVIFSG MQAIPQYLWT CTQEYVQSQD YSSGPMRPFA 850 QHPWRGFASG SPVD
	Isoform 2 (Short) (S) [UniParc]. Checksum: 110B81666B857940	FASTA	819	92,271
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDFSMVAGAA AYNEKSETGA LGENYSWQIP INHNDFKILK NNERQLCEVL QNKFGCISTL 70 80 90 100 110 120 VSPVQEGNSK SLQVFRKMLT PRIELSVWKD DLTTHAVDAV VNAANEDLLH GGGLALALVK 130 140 150 160 170 180 AGGFEIQEES KQFVARYGKV SAGEIAVTGA GRLPCKQIIH AVGPRWMEWD KQGCTGKLQR 190 200 210 220 230 240 AIVSILNYVI YKNTHIKTVA IPALSSGIFQ FPLNLCTKTI VETIRVSLQG KPMMSNLKEI 250 260 270 280 290 300 HLVSNEDPTV AAFKAASEFI LGKSELGQET TPSFNAMVVN NLTLQIVQGH IEWQTADVIV 310 320 330 340 350 360 NSVNPHDITV GPVAKSILQQ AGVEMKSEFL ATKAKQFQRS QLVLVTKGFN LFCKYIYHVL 370 380 390 400 410 420 WHSEFPKPQI LKHAMKECLE KCIEQNITSI SFPALGTGNM EIKKETAAEI LFDEVLTFAK 430 440 450 460 470 480 DHVKHQLTVK FVIFPTDLEI YKAFSSEMAK RSKMLSLNNY SVPQSTREEK RENGLEARSP 490 500 510 520 530 540 AINLMGFNVE EMYEAHAWIQ RILSLQNHHI IENNHILYLG RKEHDILSQL QKTSSVSITE 550 560 570 580 590 600 IISPGRTELE IEGARADLIE VVMNIEDMLC KVQEEMARKK ERGLWRSLGQ WTIQQQKTQD 610 620 630 640 650 660 EMKENIIFLK CPVPPTQELL DQKKQFEKCG LQVLKVEKID NEVLMAAFQR KKKMMEEKLH 670 680 690 700 710 720 RQPVSHRLFQ QVPYQFCNVV CRVGFQRMYS TPCDPKYGAG IYFTKNLKNL AEKAKKISAA 730 740 750 760 770 780 DKLIYVFEAE VLTGFFCQGH PLNIVPPPLS PGAIDGHDSV VDNVSSPETF VIFSGMQAIP 790 800 810 QYLWTCTQEY VQSQDYSSGP MRPFAQHPWR GFASGSPVD

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"BAL is a novel risk-related gene in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas that enhances cellular migration." Aguiar R.C.T., Yakushijin Y., Kharbanda S., Salgia R., Fletcher J.A., Shipp M.A. Blood 96:4328-4334(2000) [PubMed: 11110709] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, VARIANT CYS-528. Tissue: B-cell.
[2]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), VARIANT CYS-528. Tissue: Trachea and Umbilical cord blood.
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Mammary gland.
[4]	"The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed: 17974005] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 525-854. Tissue: Amygdala.
[5]	"The BAL-binding protein BBAP and related Deltex family members exhibit ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligase activity." Takeyama K., Aguiar R.C.T., Gu L., He C., Freeman G.J., Kutok J.L., Aster J.C., Shipp M.A. J. Biol. Chem. 278:21930-21937(2003) [PubMed: 12670957] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH DTX3L.
[6]	"BAL1 and BBAP are regulated by a gamma interferon-responsive bidirectional promoter and are overexpressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate." Juszczynski P., Kutok J.L., Li C., Mitra J., Aguiar R.C.T., Shipp M.A. Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:5348-5359(2006) [PubMed: 16809771] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF307338 mRNA. Translation: AAK07558.1. AF307339 mRNA. Translation: AAK07559.1. AK292959 mRNA. Translation: BAF85648.1. AK313494 mRNA. Translation: BAG36276.1. BC039580 mRNA. Translation: AAH39580.1. AL713679 mRNA. Translation: CAD28483.1.
IPI	IPI00027803. IPI00377267.
RefSeq	NP_001139574.1. NM_001146102.1. NP_001139575.1. NM_001146103.1. NP_001139576.1. NM_001146104.1. NP_001139577.1. NM_001146105.1. NP_113646.2. NM_031458.2.
UniGene	Hs.518200.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q8IXQ6.
SMR	Q8IXQ6. Positions 5-57, 109-296, 310-487, 640-823.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q8IXQ6.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q8IXQ6.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	48474734.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q8IXQ6.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000360356; ENSP00000353512; ENSG00000138496. ENST00000452457; ENSP00000393518; ENSG00000138496. ENST00000471785; ENSP00000419001; ENSG00000138496. ENST00000477522; ENSP00000419506; ENSG00000138496.
GeneID	83666.
KEGG	hsa:83666.
UCSC	uc003eff.2. human. uc003efh.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	83666.
GeneCards	GC03M122246.
HGNC	HGNC:24118. PARP9.
MIM	612065. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q8IXQ6.
PharmGKB	PA134870403.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTree	ENSGT00600000084200.
HOGENOM	HBG282503.
HOVERGEN	HBG045406.
InParanoid	Q8IXQ6.
OMA	SSGIFQF.
OrthoDB	EOG447FT7.
PhylomeDB	Q8IXQ6.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q8IXQ6.
Bgee	Q8IXQ6.
CleanEx	HS_PARP9.
Genevestigator	Q8IXQ6.
GermOnline	ENSG00000138496. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002589. A1pp. IPR012317. Poly(ADP-ribose)pol_cat_dom. [Graphical view]
KO	K15260.
Pfam	PF01661. Macro. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00506. A1pp. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS51154. MACRO. 2 hits. PS51059. PARP_CATALYTIC. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	72639.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PARP9_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8IXQ6
Secondary accession number(s): A8KA94 , B2R8S9, Q8TCP3, Q9BZL8, Q9BZL9

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 10, 2003
Last sequence update:	October 10, 2003
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 78 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.