Q8INK6 (PGPLB_DROME) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Peptidoglycan-recognition protein LB
EC=3.5.1.28

Gene names

Name:	PGRP-LB
ORF Names:	CG14704

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Protostomia › Ecdysozoa › Panarthropoda › Arthropoda › Mandibulata › Pancrustacea › Hexapoda › Insecta › Dicondylia › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Eremoneura › Cyclorrhapha › Schizophora › Acalyptratae › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophilinae › Drosophilini › Drosophilina › Drosophiliti › Drosophila › Sophophora › melanogaster group › melanogaster subgroup

Protein attributes

Sequence length	232 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase involved in innate immunity by degrading bacterial peptidoglycans (PGN). Probably plays a scavenger role by digesting biologically active PGN into biologically inactive fragments. Has no direct bacteriolytic activity. Ref.7
Catalytic activity	Hydrolyzes the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell-wall glycopeptides.
Cofactor	Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
Subunit structure	Monomer. Ref.7
Subcellular location	Isoform C: Secreted Potential.
Tissue specificity	Widely expressed. Ref.1
Developmental stage	Expressed from old embryos. Expressed in larvae and adults. Ref.1
Induction	Strongly up-regulated by PGN from B.subtilis. Regulated by the imd/Relish pathway. Ref.1 Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Immunity Innate immunity
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Signal
Ligand	Metal-binding Zinc
Molecular function	Hydrolase
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	defense response to Gram-positive bacterium Inferred from direct assay Ref.6. Source: UniProtKB innate immune response Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway Inferred from direct assay PubMed 16618604. Source: FlyBase peptidoglycan catabolic process Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred from direct assay Ref.6. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 16618604. Source: FlyBase amidase activity Non-traceable author statement PubMed 15199956. Source: FlyBase peptidoglycan binding Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB zinc ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
CG16790	Q9VHB3	1	EBI-117332,EBI-92020

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform C (identifier: Q8INK6-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Isoform A (identifier: Q8INK6-2)

Also known as: B;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-17: Missing.

Note: Does not contain a signal sequence.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 15

15

Potential

Chain

16 – 232

217

Peptidoglycan-recognition protein LB

PRO_0000023905

Sites

Metal binding

59

1

Zinc

Metal binding

169

1

Zinc

Metal binding

177

1

Zinc

Amino acid modifications

Glycosylation

196

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Disulfide bond

67 ↔ 73

Ref.7

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

1 – 17

17

Missing in isoform A.

VSP_013593

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

175

1

T → K: Loss of function. Ref.7

Secondary structure

1

.

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232

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

36 – 38

3

Beta strand

51 – 60

10

Beta strand

62 – 64

3

Helix

70 – 86

17

Beta strand

94 – 99

6

Beta strand

105 – 109

5

Beta strand

116 – 118

3

Turn

119 – 123

5

Beta strand

124 – 132

9

Beta strand

135 – 137

3

Helix

141 – 156

16

Beta strand

159 – 168

10

Helix

169 – 171

3

Beta strand

173 – 175

3

Helix

180 – 186

7

Helix

195 – 197

3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform C [UniParc]. Last modified March 1, 2003. Version 1. Checksum: 7BD18D4EC41F021E	FASTA	232	25,436
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTALGLVLLS MMGYSQHMQQ ANLGDGVATA RLLSRSDWGA RLPKSVEHFQ GPAPYVIIHH 70 80 90 100 110 120 SYMPAVCYST PDCMKSMRDM QDFHQLERGW NDIGYSFGIG GDGMIYTGRG FNVIGAHAPK 130 140 150 160 170 180 YNDKSVGIVL IGDWRTELPP KQMLDAAKNL IAFGVFKGYI DPAYKLLGHR QVRDTECPGG 190 200 210 220 230 RLFAEISSWP HFTHINDTEG VSSTTAPVVP HVHPQAAAPQ KPHQSPPAAP KV
	Isoform A (B) [UniParc]. Checksum: AC661CAEBBE63215	FASTA	215	23,602
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MQQANLGDGV ATARLLSRSD WGARLPKSVE HFQGPAPYVI IHHSYMPAVC YSTPDCMKSM 70 80 90 100 110 120 RDMQDFHQLE RGWNDIGYSF GIGGDGMIYT GRGFNVIGAH APKYNDKSVG IVLIGDWRTE 130 140 150 160 170 180 LPPKQMLDAA KNLIAFGVFK GYIDPAYKLL GHRQVRDTEC PGGRLFAEIS SWPHFTHIND 190 200 210 TEGVSSTTAP VVPHVHPQAA APQKPHQSPP AAPKV

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A family of peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster." Werner T., Liu G., Kang D., Ekengren S., Steiner H., Hultmark D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:13772-13777(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM A), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, INDUCTION.
[2]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[3]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION, ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. Strain: Berkeley.
[4]	"A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource." Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A., Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM A). Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Embryo.
[5]	Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Chavez C., Frise E., George R.A., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Yu C., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Submitted (JAN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM C). Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Embryo.
[6]	"The Toll and Imd pathways are the major regulators of the immune response in Drosophila." De Gregorio E., Spellman P.T., Tzou P., Rubin G.M., Lemaitre B. EMBO J. 21:2568-2579(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION.
[7]	"Crystal structure of peptidoglycan recognition protein LB from Drosophila melanogaster." Kim M.-S., Byun M., Oh B.-H. Nat. Immunol. 4:787-793(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 1-215 (ISOFORM A) IN COMPLEX WITH ZINC, FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, DISULFIDE BOND, MUTAGENESIS OF THR-175.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

AF207537 mRNA. Translation: AAG23731.1.
AF207538 mRNA. Translation: AAG23732.1.
AE014297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF54643.1.
AE014297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN13505.1.
AY060759 mRNA. Translation: AAL28307.1.
BT011455 mRNA. Translation: AAR99113.1.

RefSeq

NP_001247053.1. NM_001260124.1.
NP_001247054.1. NM_001260125.1.
NP_650079.1. NM_141822.3.
NP_731575.1. NM_169392.2.
NP_731576.1. NM_169393.2.

UniGene

Dm.3374.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1OHT	X-ray	2.00	A	18-232	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

Q8INK6.

SMR

Q8INK6. Positions 29-201.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntAct

Q8INK6. 1 interaction.

MINT

MINT-1594493.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

Q8INK6.

PRIDE

Q8INK6.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblMetazoa

FBtr0082396; FBpp0081872; FBgn0037906.

GeneID

41379.

KEGG

dme:Dmel_CG14704.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

41379.

FlyBase

FBgn0037906. PGRP-LB.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG248951.

GeneTree

ENSGT00390000016833.

InParanoid

Q8INK6.

KO

K01446.

OrthoDB

EOG40K6FX.

PhylomeDB

Q8INK6.

Gene expression databases

Bgee

Q8INK6.

GermOnline

CG14704. Drosophila melanogaster.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D

3.40.80.10. 1 hit.

InterPro

IPR002502. Amidase_domain.
IPR017331. Peptidoglycan_recognition.
IPR015510. PGRP.
IPR006619. PGRP_domain_met/bac.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR11022. PTHR11022. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF01510. Amidase_2. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PIRSF

PIRSF037945. PGRPs. 1 hit.

SMART

SM00644. Ami_2. 1 hit.
SM00701. PGRP. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF55846. Amidase_2. 1 hit.

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

EvolutionaryTrace

Q8INK6.

GenomeRNAi

41379.

NextBio

823566.

Entry information

Entry name

PGPLB_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q8INK6
Secondary accession number(s): Q9VGN3

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 10, 2005
Last sequence update:	March 1, 2003
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 86 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Drosophila annotation project