ID   BGAL_ECOL6              Reviewed;        1024 AA.
AC   Q8FKG6;
DT   24-MAR-2009, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAR-2003, sequence version 1.
DT   27-MAR-2024, entry version 111.
DE   RecName: Full=Beta-galactosidase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687};
DE            Short=Beta-gal {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687};
DE            EC=3.2.1.23 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687};
DE   AltName: Full=Lactase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687};
GN   Name=lacZ {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687}; OrderedLocusNames=c0459;
OS   Escherichia coli O6:H1 (strain CFT073 / ATCC 700928 / UPEC).
OC   Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales;
OC   Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=199310;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=CFT073 / ATCC 700928 / UPEC;
RX   PubMed=12471157; DOI=10.1073/pnas.252529799;
RA   Welch R.A., Burland V., Plunkett G. III, Redford P., Roesch P., Rasko D.,
RA   Buckles E.L., Liou S.-R., Boutin A., Hackett J., Stroud D., Mayhew G.F.,
RA   Rose D.J., Zhou S., Schwartz D.C., Perna N.T., Mobley H.L.T.,
RA   Donnenberg M.S., Blattner F.R.;
RT   "Extensive mosaic structure revealed by the complete genome sequence of
RT   uropathogenic Escherichia coli.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:17020-17024(2002).
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=Hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues
CC         in beta-D-galactosides.; EC=3.2.1.23; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_01687};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_01687};
CC       Note=Binds 2 magnesium ions per monomer. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC       Rule:MF_01687};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Na(+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29101; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_01687};
CC       Note=Binds 1 sodium ion per monomer. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687};
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homotetramer. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 2 family.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687}.
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; AE014075; AAN78938.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; WP_000177874.1; NZ_CP051263.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q8FKG6; -.
DR   SMR; Q8FKG6; -.
DR   STRING; 199310.c0459; -.
DR   CAZy; GH2; Glycoside Hydrolase Family 2.
DR   KEGG; ecc:c0459; -.
DR   eggNOG; COG3250; Bacteria.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_002346_0_2_6; -.
DR   BioCyc; ECOL199310:C0459-MONOMER; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000001410; Chromosome.
DR   GO; GO:0009341; C:beta-galactosidase complex; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0004565; F:beta-galactosidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR   GO; GO:0030246; F:carbohydrate binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0000287; F:magnesium ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   GO; GO:0005975; P:carbohydrate metabolic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:1901575; P:organic substance catabolic process; IEA:UniProt.
DR   Gene3D; 2.70.98.10; -; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 2.60.120.260; Galactose-binding domain-like; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.20.20.80; Glycosidases; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 2.60.40.10; Immunoglobulins; 2.
DR   HAMAP; MF_01687; Beta_gal; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR004199; B-gal_small/dom_5.
DR   InterPro; IPR036156; Beta-gal/glucu_dom_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR011013; Gal_mutarotase_sf_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR008979; Galactose-bd-like_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR014718; GH-type_carb-bd.
DR   InterPro; IPR006101; Glyco_hydro_2.
DR   InterPro; IPR023232; Glyco_hydro_2_AS.
DR   InterPro; IPR023933; Glyco_hydro_2_beta_Galsidase.
DR   InterPro; IPR006103; Glyco_hydro_2_cat.
DR   InterPro; IPR023230; Glyco_hydro_2_CS.
DR   InterPro; IPR006102; Glyco_hydro_2_Ig-like.
DR   InterPro; IPR006104; Glyco_hydro_2_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR017853; Glycoside_hydrolase_SF.
DR   InterPro; IPR013783; Ig-like_fold.
DR   InterPro; IPR032312; LacZ_4.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR46323; BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR46323:SF2; BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF02929; Bgal_small_N; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00703; Glyco_hydro_2; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF02836; Glyco_hydro_2_C; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF02837; Glyco_hydro_2_N; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF16353; LacZ_4; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00132; GLHYDRLASE2.
DR   SMART; SM01038; Bgal_small_N; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF51445; (Trans)glycosidases; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF49303; beta-Galactosidase/glucuronidase domain; 2.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF74650; Galactose mutarotase-like; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF49785; Galactose-binding domain-like; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00719; GLYCOSYL_HYDROL_F2_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00608; GLYCOSYL_HYDROL_F2_2; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Glycosidase; Hydrolase; Magnesium; Metal-binding; Reference proteome;
KW   Sodium.
FT   CHAIN           1..1024
FT                   /note="Beta-galactosidase"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000366996"
FT   ACT_SITE        462
FT                   /note="Proton donor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   ACT_SITE        538
FT                   /note="Nucleophile"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         103
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         202
FT                   /ligand="Na(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29101"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         202
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         417
FT                   /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         419
FT                   /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         462
FT                   /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         462
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         538..541
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         598
FT                   /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         602
FT                   /ligand="Na(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29101"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         605
FT                   /ligand="Na(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29101"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         605
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   BINDING         1000
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   SITE            358
FT                   /note="Transition state stabilizer"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
FT   SITE            392
FT                   /note="Transition state stabilizer"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01687"
SQ   SEQUENCE   1024 AA;  116495 MW;  FD2A3EDED90D07F8 CRC64;
     MTMITDSLAV VLQRRDWENP GVTQLNRLAA HPPFASWRNS EEARTDRPSQ QLRSLNGEWR
     FAWFPAPEAV PESWLECDLP DADTVVVPSN WQMHGYDAPI YTNVTYPITV NPPFVPAENP
     TGCYSLTFNI DESWLQEGQT RIIFDGVNSA FHLWCNGRWV GYGQDSRLPS EFDLSAFLRA
     GENRLAVMVL RWSDGSYLED QDMWRMSGIF RDVSLLHKPT TQISDFQVTT LFNDDFSRAV
     LEAEVQMYGE LRDELRVTVS LWQGETQVAS GTAPFGGEII DERGGYADRV TLRLNVENPE
     LWSAEIPNLY RAVVELHTAD GTLIEAEACD VGFREVRIEN GLLLLNGKPL LIRGVNRHEH
     HPLHGQVMDE QTMVQDILLM KQNNFNAVRC SHYPNHPLWY TLCDRYGLYV VDEANIETHG
     MVPMNRLTDD PRWLPAMSER VTRMVQRDRN HPSVIIWSLG NESGHGANHD ALYRWIKSVD
     PSRPVQYEGG GADTTATDII CPMYARVDED QPFPAVPKWS IKKWLSLPGE MRPLILCEYA
     HAMGNSLGGF AKYWQAFRQY PRLQGGFVWD WVDQSLIKYD ENGNPWSAYG GDFGDTPNDR
     QFCMNGLVFA DRTPHPALTE AKHQQQYFQF RLSGRTIEVT SEYLFRHSDN EFLHWMVALD
     GKPLASGEVP LDVGPQGKQL IELPELPQPE SAGQLWLTVR VVQPNATAWS EAGHISAWQQ
     WRLAENLSVT LPSASHAIPQ LTTSGTDFCI ELGNKRWQFN RQSGFLSQMW IGDEKQLLTP
     LRDQFTRAPL DNDIGVSEAT RIDPNAWVER WKAAGHYQAE AALLQCTADT LADAVLITTA
     HAWQHQGKTL FISRKTYRID GHGEMVINVD VAVASDTPHP ARIGLTCQLA QVSERVNWLG
     LGPQENYPDR LTAACFDRWD LPLSDMYTPY VFPSENGLRC GTRELNYGPH QWRGDFQFNI
     SRYSQQQLME TSHRHLLHAE EGTWLNIDGF HMGIGGDDSW SPSVSAEFQL SAGRYHYQLV
     WCQK
//