Q8BGW1 (FTO_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
April 3, 2013.
Version 76.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO EC=1.14.11.- Alternative name(s): Fat mass and obesity-associated protein Protein fatso | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 10090 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 502 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Contributes to the regulation of the global metabolic rate, energy expenditure and energy homeostasis. Contributes to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation. Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 |
| Cofactor | Binds 1 Fe2+ ion per subunit. Ref.5 |
| Enzyme regulation | Activated by ascorbate. Inhibited by N-oxalylglycine, fumarate and succinate. Ref.5 |
| Subunit structure | Monomer. May also exist as homodimer. Ref.8 |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Ubiquitous. Detected in brain, brain cortex, hypothalamus, cerebellum, liver, pancreas, heart, kidney, white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Most abundant in the brain, particularly in hypothalamic nuclei governing energy balance. Ref.5 Ref.7 |
| Induction | Down-regulated in fasting animals. Ref.5 |
| Domain | The 3D-structure of the Fe2OG dioxygenase domain is similar to that of the Fe2OG dioxygenase domain found in the bacterial DNA repair dioxygenase alkB and its mammalian orthologs, but sequence similarity is very low. As a consequence, the domain is not detected by protein signature databases By similarity. |
| Disruption phenotype | Elevated perinatal mortality. Mice have normal body weight at birth, but show growth retardation from day 2 onwards, resulting in a weight reduction of 30-40% after 6 weeks, both in males and females. In addition, animals display reduced nose to anus length. Fat mass is reduced by 60% in males and by 23% in females. Lean body mass is reduced by 26% in males and 19% in females. White adipose tissue decreases more and more over time, while brown adipose tissue is not affected. Serum leptin levels are decreased, while serum levels of adiponectin are increased. Mice exhibit significant hyperphagia after correction for body weight. They show increased oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and heat generation, indicating increased energy expenditure, in spite of reduced spontaneous locomotor activity. Plasma adrenaline concentrations are significantly increased. Overall glucose metabolism appears normal. Ref.7 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the fto family. |
| Biophysicochemical properties | pH dependence: Optimum pH is 5.5-6. Ref.6 |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAC98247.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q8BGW1-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q8BGW1-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 453-502: CQSRVVRTLP...LRGQLLEARS → FVLLRGGVWCPCPSSARPAQRTKVEDILS | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q8BGW1-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 411-413: TNA → VSA 414-502: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q8BGW1-4) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 296-316: DDLNATHQHCVLAGSQPRFSS → GNVGSLRVGHLWGFEIHFWIL 317-502: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 502 | 502 | Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO | PRO_0000286164 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Region | 42 – 324 | 283 | Fe2OG dioxygenase domain By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 210 – 221 | 12 | Loop L1; predicted to block binding of double-stranded DNA or RNA By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 228 – 231 | 4 | Substrate binding By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 313 – 315 | 3 | Alpha-ketoglutarate binding By similarity | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Metal binding | 228 | 1 | Iron; catalytic By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 230 | 1 | Iron; catalytic By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 304 | 1 | Iron; catalytic By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 96 | 1 | Substrate By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 108 | 1 | Substrate By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 202 | 1 | Alpha-ketoglutarate By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 292 | 1 | Alpha-ketoglutarate By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 317 | 1 | Alpha-ketoglutarate By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 319 | 1 | Alpha-ketoglutarate By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 213 | 1 | N6-acetyllysine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 296 – 316 | 21 | DDLNA…PRFSS → GNVGSLRVGHLWGFEIHFWI L in isoform 4. | VSP_025007 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 317 – 502 | 186 | Missing in isoform 4. | VSP_025008 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 411 – 413 | 3 | TNA → VSA in isoform 3. | VSP_025009 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 414 – 502 | 89 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_025010 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 453 – 502 | 50 | CQSRV…LEARS → FVLLRGGVWCPCPSSARPAQ RTKVEDILS in isoform 2. | VSP_025011 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 304 | 1 | H → A: Reduced enzyme activity. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 313 | 1 | R → A: Loss of enzyme activity. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 367 | 1 | I → A: Reduces enzyme activity by about 60%. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 367 | 1 | I → F: Alters protein structure and causes an increase in whole body metabolism, leading to a lean phenotype in adult males, but not in females. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 181 | 1 | G → R in BAC32382. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 384 | 1 | N → S in CAB59324. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 384 | 1 | N → S in BAC98247. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 384 | 1 | N → S in BAC40629. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 384 | 1 | N → S in AAH22222. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 410 | 1 | M → V in BAC98247. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 410 | 1 | M → V in BAC40629. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 410 | 1 | M → V in AAH22222. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 463 | 1 | V → A in BAC40629. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 463 | 1 | V → A in AAH22222. Ref.4 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Cloning of Fatso (Fto), a novel gene deleted by the Fused toes (Ft) mouse mutation." Peters T., Ausmeier K., Ruether U. Mamm. Genome 10:983-986(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of mouse homologues of KIAA gene: III. The complete nucleotide sequences of 500 mouse KIAA-homologous cDNAs identified by screening of terminal sequences of cDNA clones randomly sampled from size-fractionated libraries." Okazaki N., Kikuno R., Ohara R., Inamoto S., Koseki H., Hiraoka S., Saga Y., Nagase T., Ohara O., Koga H. DNA Res. 10:167-180(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome." Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J. Hayashizaki Y.Science 309:1559-1563(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 3 AND 4). Strain: C57BL/6J and NOD. Tissue: Aorta, Bone, Corpora quadrigemina, Skin, Thymus and Vein. |
| [4] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Strain: C57BL/6 and FVB/N. Tissue: Brain and Kidney. |
| [5] | "The obesity-associated FTO gene encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent nucleic acid demethylase." Gerken T., Girard C.A., Tung Y.C., Webby C.J., Saudek V., Hewitson K.S., Yeo G.S., McDonough M.A., Cunliffe S., McNeill L.A., Galvanovskis J., Rorsman P., Robins P., Prieur X., Coll A.P., Ma M., Jovanovic Z., Farooqi I.S. Schofield C.J.Science 318:1469-1472(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, COFACTOR, ENZYME REGULATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF HIS-304 AND ARG-313, INDUCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [6] | "Oxidative demethylation of 3-methylthymine and 3-methyluracil in single-stranded DNA and RNA by mouse and human FTO." Jia G., Yang C.G., Yang S., Jian X., Yi C., Zhou Z., He C. FEBS Lett. 582:3313-3319(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES. |
| [7] | "Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity." Fischer J., Koch L., Emmerling C., Vierkotten J., Peters T., Bruning J.C., Ruther U. Nature 458:894-898(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [8] | "A mouse model for the metabolic effects of the human fat mass and obesity associated FTO gene." Church C., Lee S., Bagg E.A., McTaggart J.S., Deacon R., Gerken T., Lee A., Moir L., Mecinovic J., Quwailid M.M., Schofield C.J., Ashcroft F.M., Cox R.D. PLoS Genet. 5:E1000599-E1000599(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, SUBUNIT, CIRCULAR DICHROISM, MUTAGENESIS OF ILE-367. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AJ237917 mRNA. Translation: CAB59324.1. AK129437 mRNA. Translation: BAC98247.1. Different initiation. AK036677 mRNA. Translation: BAC29533.1. AK040866 mRNA. Translation: BAC30724.1. AK045465 mRNA. Translation: BAC32382.1. AK049502 mRNA. Translation: BAC33780.1. AK088881 mRNA. Translation: BAC40629.1. AK161060 mRNA. Translation: BAE36177.1. BC022222 mRNA. Translation: AAH22222.1. BC057008 mRNA. Translation: AAH57008.1. |
| IPI | IPI00280462. IPI00845534. IPI00845571. IPI00845590. |
| RefSeq | NP_036066.2. NM_011936.2. |
| UniGene | Mm.4375. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q8BGW1. |
| SMR | Q8BGW1. Positions 30-496. |
| ModBase | Search... |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q8BGW1. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q8BGW1. |
| PRIDE | Q8BGW1. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENSMUST00000069718; ENSMUSP00000068380; ENSMUSG00000055932. |
| GeneID | 26383. |
| KEGG | mmu:26383. |
| UCSC | uc009msq.2. mouse. uc009msr.2. mouse. uc009mss.2. mouse. uc009mst.2. mouse. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 79068. |
| MGI | MGI:1347093. Fto. |
| Rouge | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG45792. |
| GeneTree | ENSGT00390000017730. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG101847. |
| InParanoid | Q8BGW1. |
| OMA | AVYNYSC. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4SF969. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q8BGW1. |
| Bgee | Q8BGW1. |
| CleanEx | MM_FTO. |
| Genevestigator | Q8BGW1. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR024366. FTO_C. IPR024367. FTO_cat_dom. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF12934. FTO_CTD. 1 hit. PF12933. FTO_NTD. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | FTO. mouse. |
| NextBio | 304305. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | FTO_MOUSE | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q8BGW1 Secondary accession number(s): Q3TTZ5 Q9QZ13 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| MGD cross-references Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
