Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase - Homo sapiens (Human)

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Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase
EC=3.2.1.143

Gene names

Name:

PARG

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

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Protein attributes

Sequence length	976 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

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General annotation (Comments)

Function	Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesized after DNA damage is only present transiently and is rapidly degraded by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. Poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism may be required for maintenance of the normal function of neuronal cells.
Catalytic activity	Hydrolyzes poly(ADP-ribose) at glycosidic (1''-2') linkage of ribose-ribose bond to produce free ADP-ribose.
Subcellular location	Isoform 1: Nucleus. Isoform 2: Cytoplasm. Isoform 3: Cytoplasm.
Tissue specificity	Ubiquitously expressed. Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase family.

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Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Molecular function	Hydrolase
PTM	Acetylation Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	carbohydrate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

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Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q86W56-1) Also known as: hPARG111; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q86W56-2) Also known as: hPARG102; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-82: Missing.

Isoform 3 (identifier: Q86W56-3) Also known as: hPARG99; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-108: Missing.

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Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 976

976

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase

PRO_0000066602

Regions

Motif

10 – 16

7

Nuclear localization signal

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

133

1

Phosphoserine Ref.8

Modified residue

137

1

Phosphoserine Ref.8 Ref.7

Modified residue

139

1

Phosphothreonine Ref.7

Modified residue

197

1

Phosphoserine Ref.8

Modified residue

199

1

Phosphothreonine Ref.8

Modified residue

261

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

264

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Modified residue

316

1

Phosphoserine Ref.6

Modified residue

503

1

N6-acetyllysine Ref.10

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

1 – 108

108

Missing in isoform 3.

VSP_011770

Alternative sequence

1 – 82

82

Missing in isoform 2.

VSP_011769

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

12

1

K → A: Abolishes nuclear targeting; when associated with G-13. Ref.2

Mutagenesis

13

1

R → G: Abolishes nuclear targeting; when associated with A-12. Ref.2

Mutagenesis

36

1

R → A: No effect. Ref.2

Mutagenesis

37

1

R → G: No effect. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

13 – 14

2

RP → AT in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

61

1

R → Q in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

127

1

E → V in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

138

1

P → L in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

227

1

Q → H in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

242

1

D → H in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

260

1

E → K in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

275

1

P → S in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

282

1

T → I in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

414

1

F → L in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

814 – 815

2

WQ → CE in AAB61614. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

817

1

R → H in AAH52966. Ref.5

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Sequences

Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
Isoform 1 (hPARG111) [UniParc]. Last modified June 1, 2003. Version 1. Checksum: D6646353C6D0180E Show »	FASTA	976	111,110
10 20 30 40 50 60 MNAGPGCEPC TKRPRWGAAT TSPAASDARS FPSRQRRVLD PKDAHVQFRV PPSSPACVPG 70 80 90 100 110 120 RAGQHRGSAT SLVFKQKTIT SWMDTKGIKT AESESLDSKE NNNTRIESMM SSVQKDNFYQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 HNVEKLENVS QLSLDKSPTE KSTQYLNQHQ TAAMCKWQNE GKHTEQLLES EPQTVTLVPE 190 200 210 220 230 240 QFSNANIDRS PQNDDHSDTD SEENRDNQQF LTTVKLANAK QTTEDEQARE AKSHQKCSKS 250 260 270 280 290 300 CDPGEDCASC QQDEIDVVPE SPLSDVGSED VGTGPKNDNK LTRQESCLGN SPPFEKESEP 310 320 330 340 350 360 ESPMDVDNSK NSCQDSEADE ETSPGFDEQE DGSSSQTANK PSRFQARDAD IEFRKRYSTK 370 380 390 400 410 420 GGEVRLHFQF EGGESRTGMN DLNAKLPGNI SSLNVECRNS KQHGKKDSKI TDHFMRLPKA 430 440 450 460 470 480 EDRRKEQWET KHQRTERKIP KYVPPHLSPD KKWLGTPIEE MRRMPRCGIR LPLLRPSANH 490 500 510 520 530 540 TVTIRVDLLR AGEVPKPFPT HYKDLWDNKH VKMPCSEQNL YPVEDENGER TAGSRWELIQ 550 560 570 580 590 600 TALLNKFTRP QNLKDAILKY NVAYSKKWDF TALIDFWDKV LEEAEAQHLY QSILPDMVKI 610 620 630 640 650 660 ALCLPNICTQ PIPLLKQKMN HSITMSQEQI ASLLANAFFC TFPRRNAKMK SEYSSYPDIN 670 680 690 700 710 720 FNRLFEGRSS RKPEKLKTLF CYFRRVTEKK PTGLVTFTRQ SLEDFPEWER CEKPLTRLHV 730 740 750 760 770 780 TYEGTIEENG QGMLQVDFAN RFVGGGVTSA GLVQEEIRFL INPELIISRL FTEVLDHNEC 790 800 810 820 830 840 LIITGTEQYS EYTGYAETYR WSRSHEDGSE RDDWQRRCTE IVAIDALHFR RYLDQFVPEK 850 860 870 880 890 900 MRRELNKAYC GFLRPGVSSE NLSAVATGNW GCGAFGGDAR LKALIQILAA AAAERDVVYF 910 920 930 940 950 960 TFGDSELMRD IYSMHIFLTE RKLTVGDVYK LLLRYYNEEC RNCSTPGPDI KLYPFIYHAV 970 ESCAETADHS GQRTGT « Hide
Isoform 2 (hPARG102). Checksum: 666B77E891E4A500 Show »	FASTA	894	102,312
10 20 30 40 50 60 MDTKGIKTAE SESLDSKENN NTRIESMMSS VQKDNFYQHN VEKLENVSQL SLDKSPTEKS 70 80 90 100 110 120 TQYLNQHQTA AMCKWQNEGK HTEQLLESEP QTVTLVPEQF SNANIDRSPQ NDDHSDTDSE 130 140 150 160 170 180 ENRDNQQFLT TVKLANAKQT TEDEQAREAK SHQKCSKSCD PGEDCASCQQ DEIDVVPESP 190 200 210 220 230 240 LSDVGSEDVG TGPKNDNKLT RQESCLGNSP PFEKESEPES PMDVDNSKNS CQDSEADEET 250 260 270 280 290 300 SPGFDEQEDG SSSQTANKPS RFQARDADIE FRKRYSTKGG EVRLHFQFEG GESRTGMNDL 310 320 330 340 350 360 NAKLPGNISS LNVECRNSKQ HGKKDSKITD HFMRLPKAED RRKEQWETKH QRTERKIPKY 370 380 390 400 410 420 VPPHLSPDKK WLGTPIEEMR RMPRCGIRLP LLRPSANHTV TIRVDLLRAG EVPKPFPTHY 430 440 450 460 470 480 KDLWDNKHVK MPCSEQNLYP VEDENGERTA GSRWELIQTA LLNKFTRPQN LKDAILKYNV 490 500 510 520 530 540 AYSKKWDFTA LIDFWDKVLE EAEAQHLYQS ILPDMVKIAL CLPNICTQPI PLLKQKMNHS 550 560 570 580 590 600 ITMSQEQIAS LLANAFFCTF PRRNAKMKSE YSSYPDINFN RLFEGRSSRK PEKLKTLFCY 610 620 630 640 650 660 FRRVTEKKPT GLVTFTRQSL EDFPEWERCE KPLTRLHVTY EGTIEENGQG MLQVDFANRF 670 680 690 700 710 720 VGGGVTSAGL VQEEIRFLIN PELIISRLFT EVLDHNECLI ITGTEQYSEY TGYAETYRWS 730 740 750 760 770 780 RSHEDGSERD DWQRRCTEIV AIDALHFRRY LDQFVPEKMR RELNKAYCGF LRPGVSSENL 790 800 810 820 830 840 SAVATGNWGC GAFGGDARLK ALIQILAAAA AERDVVYFTF GDSELMRDIY SMHIFLTERK 850 860 870 880 890 LTVGDVYKLL LRYYNEECRN CSTPGPDIKL YPFIYHAVES CAETADHSGQ RTGT « Hide
Isoform 3 (hPARG99). Checksum: 85BCE7201ABABA5F Show »	FASTA	868	99,432
10 20 30 40 50 60 MMSSVQKDNF YQHNVEKLEN VSQLSLDKSP TEKSTQYLNQ HQTAAMCKWQ NEGKHTEQLL 70 80 90 100 110 120 ESEPQTVTLV PEQFSNANID RSPQNDDHSD TDSEENRDNQ QFLTTVKLAN AKQTTEDEQA 130 140 150 160 170 180 REAKSHQKCS KSCDPGEDCA SCQQDEIDVV PESPLSDVGS EDVGTGPKND NKLTRQESCL 190 200 210 220 230 240 GNSPPFEKES EPESPMDVDN SKNSCQDSEA DEETSPGFDE QEDGSSSQTA NKPSRFQARD 250 260 270 280 290 300 ADIEFRKRYS TKGGEVRLHF QFEGGESRTG MNDLNAKLPG NISSLNVECR NSKQHGKKDS 310 320 330 340 350 360 KITDHFMRLP KAEDRRKEQW ETKHQRTERK IPKYVPPHLS PDKKWLGTPI EEMRRMPRCG 370 380 390 400 410 420 IRLPLLRPSA NHTVTIRVDL LRAGEVPKPF PTHYKDLWDN KHVKMPCSEQ NLYPVEDENG 430 440 450 460 470 480 ERTAGSRWEL IQTALLNKFT RPQNLKDAIL KYNVAYSKKW DFTALIDFWD KVLEEAEAQH 490 500 510 520 530 540 LYQSILPDMV KIALCLPNIC TQPIPLLKQK MNHSITMSQE QIASLLANAF FCTFPRRNAK 550 560 570 580 590 600 MKSEYSSYPD INFNRLFEGR SSRKPEKLKT LFCYFRRVTE KKPTGLVTFT RQSLEDFPEW 610 620 630 640 650 660 ERCEKPLTRL HVTYEGTIEE NGQGMLQVDF ANRFVGGGVT SAGLVQEEIR FLINPELIIS 670 680 690 700 710 720 RLFTEVLDHN ECLIITGTEQ YSEYTGYAET YRWSRSHEDG SERDDWQRRC TEIVAIDALH 730 740 750 760 770 780 FRRYLDQFVP EKMRRELNKA YCGFLRPGVS SENLSAVATG NWGCGAFGGD ARLKALIQIL 790 800 810 820 830 840 AAAAAERDVV YFTFGDSELM RDIYSMHIFL TERKLTVGDV YKLLLRYYNE ECRNCSTPGP 850 860 DIKLYPFIYH AVESCAETAD HSGQRTGT « Hide

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References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Human poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) gene and the common promoter sequence it shares with inner mitochondrial membrane translocase 23 (TIM23)." Meyer R.G., Meyer-Ficca M.L., Jacobson E.L., Jacobson M.K. Gene 314:181-190(2003) [PubMed: 14527731] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Skin.
[2]	"Human poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase is expressed in alternative splice variants yielding isoforms that localize to different cell compartments." Meyer-Ficca M.L., Meyer R.G., Coyle D.L., Jacobson E.L., Jacobson M.K. Exp. Cell Res. 297:521-532(2004) [PubMed: 15212953] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2 AND 3), MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-12; ARG-13; ARG-36 AND ARG-37. Tissue: Skin.
[3]	"Assignment of the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase gene (PARG) to human chromosome 10q11.23 and mouse chromosome 14B by in situ hybridization." Ame J.-C., Apiou F., Jacobson E.L., Jacobson M.K. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 85:269-270(1999) [PubMed: 10449915] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[4]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2 AND 3). Tissue: Brain cortex, Hippocampus and Testis.
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Skin and Testis.
[6]	"Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins." Beausoleil S.A., Jedrychowski M., Schwartz D., Elias J.E., Villen J., Li J., Cohn M.A., Cantley L.C., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:12130-12135(2004) [PubMed: 15302935] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-316, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium.
[7]	"Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column." Imami K., Sugiyama N., Kyono Y., Tomita M., Ishihama Y. Anal. Sci. 24:161-166(2008) [PubMed: 18187866] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-137 AND THR-139, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[8]	"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-133; SER-137; SER-197 AND THR-199, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[9]	Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[10]	"Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed: 19608861] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-503, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

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Cross-references

Sequence databases
	AY258587 mRNA. Translation: AAP83314.1. AY575848 mRNA. Translation: AAT66421.1. AY575849 mRNA. Translation: AAT66422.1. AF005043 mRNA. Translation: AAB61614.1. AK295786 mRNA. Translation: BAG58607.1. AK302560 mRNA. Translation: BAG63826.1. AK314909 mRNA. Translation: BAG37421.1. BC050560 mRNA. Translation: AAH50560.1. BC052966 mRNA. Translation: AAH52966.1.
IPI	IPI00470744. IPI00759749. IPI00787604.
RefSeq	NP_003622.2.
UniGene	Hs.535298 Hs.709578
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q86W56.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q86W56.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q86W56.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000399369; ENSP00000382303; ENSG00000214982; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] ENST00000429875; ENSP00000412843; ENSG00000214982; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] ENST00000435772; ENSP00000396513; ENSG00000214982; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID	8505.
KEGG	hsa:8505.
UCSC	uc001jif.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	8505.
GeneCards	GC10P051293.
HGNC	HGNC:8605. PARG.
HPA	HPA021819.
MIM	603501. gene.
PharmGKB	PA32940.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	Q86W56.
HOVERGEN	Q86W56.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	3.2.1.143. 247.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q86W56.
CleanEx	HS_PARG.
Genevestigator	Q86W56.
GermOnline	ENSG00000204155. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR007724. Poly_GlycHdrlase. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR12837. Poly_glchydro. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF05028. PARG_cat. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	31829.
PMAP-CutDB	Q86W56.
SOURCE	Search...

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Entry information

Entry name

PARG_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q86W56
Secondary accession number(s): B2RC24

Q9Y4W7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 25, 2004
Last sequence update:	June 1, 2003
Last modified:	October 13, 2009
This is version 58 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

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Relevant documents

Glycosyl hydrolases

Classification of glycosyl hydrolase families and list of entries

Human chromosome 10

Human chromosome 10: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Alternative products

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Regions

Amino acid modifications

Natural variations

Experimental info

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Other Resources

Entry information

Relevant documents