Q86UU9 (TKN4_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Tachykinin-4

Alternative name(s):
Preprotachykinin-C
Short name=PPT-C

Cleaved into the following 3 chains:

1. Endokinin-A
   Short name=EKA
2. Endokinin-A/B
   Short name=EKA/B
3. Endokinin-C
   Short name=EKC

Gene names

Name:

TAC4

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	113 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles. Endokinin-A induces thermal hyperalgesia and pain-related behavior such as scratching following intrathecal administration in rats. These effects are suppressed by treatment with endokinin-C. Endokinin-A/B reduces arterial blood pressure and increases sperm motility. Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9
Subcellular location	Secreted Probable.
Tissue specificity	Expressed at low levels in the uterus of both pregnant and non-pregnant women. Isoform 1 is found only in the adrenal gland and fetal liver. Isoform 2 is found in heart, liver, bone marrow, prostate, adrenal gland and testis. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed predominantly in adrenal gland and placenta. Ref.1 Ref.4 Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the tachykinin family.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAI00841.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Intron retention. The sequence AAI00843.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Intron retention. The sequence AAI00844.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Intron retention. The sequence AAN77128.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Intron retention. The sequence EAW94657.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hypotensive agent
PTM	Amidation Cleavage on pair of basic residues
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	regulation of blood pressure Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 Ref.1 (identifier: Q86UU9-1)

Also known as: Alpha;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 Ref.1 (identifier: Q86UU9-2)

Also known as: Beta;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     36-41: Missing.
     73-83: Missing.

Isoform 3 Ref.1 (identifier: Q86UU9-3)

Also known as: Gamma;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     36-41: Missing.
     84-103: Missing.

Isoform 4 Ref.1 (identifier: Q86UU9-4)

Also known as: Delta;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     36-41: Missing.
     75-105: Missing.

Isoform 5 Ref.3 (identifier: Q86UU9-5)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     36-41: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 20	20	Potential
	Peptide	21 – 67	47	Endokinin-A Ref.1		PRO_5000063346
	Peptide	58 – 67	10	Endokinin-A/B Ref.1		PRO_0000320011
	Propeptide	71 – 79	9	By similarity		PRO_0000320012
	Peptide	82 – 95	14	Endokinin-C Ref.1		PRO_5000063347
	Propeptide	98 – 113	16	By similarity Ref.1		PRO_0000320013
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	67	1	Methionine amide Potential Ref.1
	Modified residue	95	1	Leucine amide Potential Ref.1
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	36 – 41	6	Missing in isoform 2, isoform 3, isoform 4 and isoform 5. Ref.1 Ref.3 Ref.5		VSP_052676
	Alternative sequence	73 – 83	11	Missing in isoform 2. Ref.1		VSP_052677
	Alternative sequence	75 – 105	31	Missing in isoform 4. Ref.1		VSP_052680
	Alternative sequence	84 – 103	20	Missing in isoform 3. Ref.1		VSP_052681

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (Alpha) [UniParc]. Last modified June 1, 2003. Version 1. Checksum: B8772582351C9163	FASTA	113	12,305
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLPCLALLLL MELSVCTVAG DGGEEQTLST EAETWVIVAL EEGAGPSIQL QLQEVKTGKA 70 80 90 100 110 SQFFGLMGKR VGGRPLIQPR RKKAYQLEHT FQGLLGKRSL FTEGREDEAQ GSE
	Isoform 2 (Beta) [UniParc]. Checksum: EAC9D18849DAA790	FASTA	96	10,350
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLPCLALLLL MELSVCTVAG DGGEEQTLST EAETWEGAGP SIQLQLQEVK TGKASQFFGL 70 80 90 MGKRVGAYQL EHTFQGLLGK RSLFTEGRED EAQGSE
	Isoform 3 (Gamma) [UniParc]. Checksum: 293F46CBFA82D37C	FASTA	87	9,360
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLPCLALLLL MELSVCTVAG DGGEEQTLST EAETWEGAGP SIQLQLQEVK TGKASQFFGL 70 80 MGKRVGGRPL IQPRRKKGRE DEAQGSE
	Isoform 4 (Delta) [UniParc]. Checksum: 7B555CEC96EC1668	FASTA	76	8,029
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLPCLALLLL MELSVCTVAG DGGEEQTLST EAETWEGAGP SIQLQLQEVK TGKASQFFGL 70 MGKRVGGRED EAQGSE
	Isoform 5 [UniParc]. Checksum: E0DABEE064F1F94C	FASTA	107	11,680
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLPCLALLLL MELSVCTVAG DGGEEQTLST EAETWEGAGP SIQLQLQEVK TGKASQFFGL 70 80 90 100 MGKRVGGRPL IQPRRKKAYQ LEHTFQGLLG KRSLFTEGRE DEAQGSE

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Characterization of the endokinins: human tachykinins with cardiovascular activity." Page N.M., Bell N.J., Gardiner S.M., Manyonda I.T., Brayley K.J., Strange P.G., Lowry P.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:6245-6250(2003) [PubMed: 12716968] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2; 3 AND 4), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[2]	Page N.M. Submitted (NOV-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 5).
[3]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Identification, localization and receptor characterization of novel mammalian substance P-like peptides." Kurtz M.M., Wang R., Clements M.K., Cascieri M.A., Austin C.P., Cunningham B.R., Chicchi G.G., Liu Q. Gene 296:205-212(2002) [PubMed: 12383518] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-72 (ISOFORM 1).
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 1-72 (ISOFORMS 2/3/4/5).
[6]	"Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors in human uterus." Patak E., Candenas M.L., Pennefather J.N., Ziccone S., Lilley A., Martin J.D., Flores C., Mantecon A.G., Story M.E., Pinto F.M. Br. J. Pharmacol. 139:523-532(2003) [PubMed: 12788812] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"Intrathecal administration of the common carboxyl-terminal decapeptide in endokinin A and endokinin B evokes scratching behavior and thermal hyperalgesia in the rat." Yoshioka D., Takebuchi F., Nishimori T., Naono R., Ikeda T., Nakayama T. Neurosci. Lett. 410:193-197(2006) [PubMed: 17101218] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[8]	"Leucine at the carboxyl-terminal of endokinins C and D contributes to elicitation of the antagonistic effect on substance P in rat pain processing." Naono R., Nakayama T., Ikeda T., Matsushima O., Nishimori T. Brain Res. 1165:71-80(2007) [PubMed: 17655832] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[9]	"A role for tachykinins in the regulation of human sperm motility." Ravina C.G., Seda M., Pinto F.M., Orea A., Fernandez-Sanchez M., Pintado C.O., Candenas M.L. Hum. Reprod. 22:1617-1625(2007) [PubMed: 17437961] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF515828 mRNA. Translation: AAP30874.1. AF515829 mRNA. Translation: AAP30875.1. AF515830 mRNA. Translation: AAP30876.1. AF515831 mRNA. Translation: AAP30877.1. AY471574 mRNA. Translation: AAS46596.1. CH471109 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW94657.1. Sequence problems. AF521560 mRNA. Translation: AAN77128.1. Sequence problems. BC100840 mRNA. Translation: AAI00841.1. Sequence problems. BC100842 mRNA. Translation: AAI00843.1. Sequence problems. BC100843 mRNA. Translation: AAI00844.1. Sequence problems.
IPI	IPI00384256. IPI00384257. IPI00384258. IPI00791814. IPI00816266.
RefSeq	NP_001070971.1. NM_001077503.1. NP_001070972.1. NM_001077504.1. NP_001070973.1. NM_001077505.1. NP_001070974.1. NM_001077506.1. NP_733786.2. NM_170685.2.
UniGene	Hs.434138. Hs.652130.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q86UU9.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q86UU9.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	74723510.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q86UU9.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000334568; ENSP00000334042; ENSG00000176358.
GeneID	255061.
KEGG	hsa:255061.
UCSC	uc002ipo.1. human. uc002ipp.1. human. uc002ipq.1. human. uc002ipr.1. human. uc002ips.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	255061.
GeneCards	GC17M047915.
H-InvDB	HIX0039092.
HGNC	HGNC:16641. TAC4.
MIM	607833. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q86UU9.
PharmGKB	PA134944925.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	prNOG21820.
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000015220.
HOVERGEN	HBG097570.
InParanoid	Q86UU9.
OMA	WVTVTLE.
PhylomeDB	Q86UU9.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q86UU9.
Bgee	Q86UU9.
CleanEx	HS_TAC4.
Genevestigator	Q86UU9.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR013055. Tachy_Neuro_lke_CS. [Graphical view]
KO	K05241.
PROSITE	PS00267. TACHYKININ. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	92462.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

TKN4_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q86UU9
Secondary accession number(s): Q2M2P1 , Q6ECK8, Q86UU6, Q86UU7, Q86UU8, Q8IWZ7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 26, 2008
Last sequence update:	June 1, 2003
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 57 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.