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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q6ZSZ5 (ARHGI_HUMAN)

Last modified December 15, 2009. Version 51. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (4) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18
Alternative name(s):
    114 kDa Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor
    p114-Rho-GEF
      Short name=p114RhoGEF
    Septin-associated RhoGEF
      Short name=SA-RhoGEF
Gene names
Name: ARHGEF18
Synonyms: KIAA0521
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length1173 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. Also act as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Does not act as a GEF for CDC42. The G protein beta-gamma (Gbetagamma) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins act as activators, explaining the integrated effects of LPA and other G-protein coupled receptor agonists on actin stress fiber formation, cell shape change and ROS production. Ref.4 Ref.6 Ref.7

Subunit structure

Interacts with SEPT9; interaction may inhibit GEF activity. Interacts with Gbetagamma subunits GNB1 and GNG2. Ref.6 Ref.7

Subcellular location

Cytoplasm. Note: Colocalizes with actin stress fibers. Ref.7

Tissue specificity

Expressed in all tissues tested with highest expression in kidney and pancreas. Weakly or not expressed in liver, skeletal muscle and testis. Ref.4 Ref.6 Ref.7

Sequence similarities

Contains 1 DH (DBL-homology) domain.

Contains 1 PH domain.

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform 1 (identifier: Q6ZSZ5-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform 2 (identifier: Q6ZSZ5-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-158: Missing.
Isoform 3 (identifier: Q6ZSZ5-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-158: Missing.
     1157-1173: TPLSAKEDASKEDVIFF → RWRRQHLSPESGRIHFPNRAPRRFTMNLRVRE
Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 11731173Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18
PRO_0000341415

Regions

Domain259 – 456198DH
Domain496 – 598103PH
Coiled coil799 – 81921 Potential
Coiled coil850 – 960111 Potential
Compositional bias1104 – 115855Pro-rich

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue2091Phosphoserine Ref.9
Modified residue2121Phosphothreonine Ref.9
Modified residue7331Phosphoserine Ref.9
Modified residue11011Phosphoserine Ref.9
Modified residue11031Phosphoserine Ref.9 Ref.8
Modified residue11241Phosphoserine Ref.9
Modified residue11301Phosphoserine Ref.9

Natural variations

Alternative sequence1 – 158158Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 3.
VSP_034315
Alternative sequence1157 – 117317TPLSA…DVIFF → RWRRQHLSPESGRIHFPNRA PRRFTMNLRVRE in isoform 3.
VSP_034316
Natural variant7011R → Q: dbSNP rs2287918. Ref.2
VAR_044066
Natural variant7521R → Q: dbSNP rs2287920.
VAR_044067

Experimental info

Sequence conflict1831I → V in BAC86801. Ref.2
Sequence conflict10191S → N in BAC86801. Ref.2
Sequence conflict11071P → S in BAC86801. Ref.2

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform 1 [UniParc].

Last modified June 10, 2008. Version 2.
Checksum: E8AEE8754577655E

FASTA1,173130,814
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MVTVGTNILP SRPAASANTA REDAALFSRR IPPRHKNGAA QPGAAPGPGA PGANMGNAHS 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
KSGDRHSALP GRPELSFYGS FPRKWSENVF LDNELLTSKI LSMLRPQSER GFRAGDLRYP 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
THFLSTNSVL ASVTASLKEH PRGTLLSDGS PALSRNVGMT VSQKGGPQPT PSPAGPGTQL 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
GPITGEMDEA DSAFLKFKQT ADDSLSLTSP NTESIFVEDP YTASLRSEIE SDGHEFEAES 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
WSLAVDAAYA KKQKREVVKR QDVLYELMQT EVHHVRTLKI MLKVYSRALQ EELQFSSKAI 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
GRLFPCADDL LETHSHFLAR LKERRQESLE EGSDRNYVIQ KIGDLLVQQF SGENGERMKE 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
KYGVFCSGHN EAVSHYKLLL QQNKKFQNLI KKIGNFSIVR RLGVQECILL VTQRITKYPV 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
LVERIIQNTE AGTEDYEDLT QALNLIKDII SQVDAKVSEC EKGQRLREIA GKMDLKSSSK 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
LKNGLTFRKE DMLQRQLHLE GMLCWKTTSG RLKDILAILL TDVLLLLQEK DQKYVFASVD 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
SKPPVISLQK LIVREVANEE KAMFLISASL QGPEMYEIYT SSKEDRNAWM AHIQRAVESC 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
PDEEEGPFSL PEEERKVVEA RATRLRDFQE RLSMKDQLIA QSLLEKQQIY LEMAEMGGLE 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
DLPQPRGLFR GGDPSETLQG ELILKSAMSE IEGIQSLICR RLGSANGQAE DGGSSTGPPR 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
RAETFAGYDC TNSPTKNGSF KKKVSSTDPR PRDWRGPPNS PDLKLSDSDI PGSSEESPQV 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
VEAPGTESDP RLPTVLESEL VQRIQTLSQL LLNLQAVIAH QDSYVETQRA AIQEREKQFR 

       850        860        870        880        890        900 
LQSTRGNLLL EQERQRNFEK QREERAALEK LQSQLRHEQQ RWERERQWQH QELERAGARL 

       910        920        930        940        950        960 
QEREGEARQL RERLEQERAE LERQRQAYQH DLERLREAQR AVERERERLE LLRRLKKQNT 

       970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
APGALPPDTL AEAQPPSHPP SFNGEGLEGP RVSMLPSGVG PEYAERPEVA RRDSAPTESR 

      1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
LAKSDVPIQL LSATNQFQRQ AAVQQQIPTK LAASTKGGKD KGGKSRGSQR WESSASFDLK 

      1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
QQLLLNKLMG KDESTSRNRR SLSPILPGRH SPAPPPDPGF PAPSPPPADS PSEGFSLKAG 

      1150       1160       1170 
GTALLPGPPA PSPLPATPLS AKEDASKEDV IFF 

« Hide

Isoform 2.

Checksum: 7785510A2D8BB86B
Show »

FASTA1,015114,078
Isoform 3.

Checksum: E61F0B32B90FCA5E
Show »

FASTA1,030116,238

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro."
Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O.
DNA Res. 5:31-39(1998) [PubMed: 9628581] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
Tissue: Brain.
[2]"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. expand/collapse author list , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT GLN-701.
Tissue: Brain.
[3]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3).
Tissue: Lymph.
[4]"Identification and characterization of a novel Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor."
Blomquist A., Schwoerer G., Schablowski H., Psoma A., Lehnen M., Jakobs K.H., Ruemenapp U.
Biochem. J. 352:319-325(2000) [PubMed: 11085924] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[5]"A physical and transcript map of the MCOLN1 gene region on human chromosome 19p13.3-p13.2."
Acierno J.S. Jr., Kennedy J.C., Falardeau J.L., Leyne M., Bromley M.C., Colman M.W., Sun M., Bove C., Ashworth L.K., Chadwick L.H., Schiripo T., Ma S., Goldin E., Schiffmann R., Slaugenhaupt S.A.
Genomics 73:203-210(2001) [PubMed: 11318610] [Abstract]
Cited for: IDENTIFICATION.
[6]"G Protein betagamma subunits stimulate p114RhoGEF, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RhoA and Rac1: regulation of cell shape and reactive oxygen species production."
Niu J., Profirovic J., Pan H., Vaiskunaite R., Voyno-Yasenetskaya T.
Circ. Res. 93:848-856(2003) [PubMed: 14512443] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INTERACTION WITH GNB1 AND GNG2.
[7]"Cytoskeletal modification of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity: identification of a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor as a binding partner for Sept9b, a mammalian septin."
Nagata K., Inagaki M.
Oncogene 24:65-76(2005) [PubMed: 15558029] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INTERACTION WITH SEPT9.
[8]"Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis."
Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III
J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed: 18220336] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-1103, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[9]"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."
Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-209; THR-212; SER-733; SER-1101; SER-1103; SER-1124 AND SER-1130, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[10]Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L.
Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB
Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[11]"Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach."
Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J., Mohammed S.
Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009) [PubMed: 19413330] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-1103, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

AB011093 mRNA. Translation: BAA25447.1. Different initiation.
AK127045 mRNA. Translation: BAC86801.1.
BC077721 mRNA. Translation: AAH77721.1.
IPIIPI00179437.
IPI00480141.
IPI00895907.
RefSeqNP_001124427.1.
NP_056133.2.
UniGeneHs.465761

3D structure databases

HSSPHSSP built from PDB template 1XCG based on UniProtKB O15085.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGQ6ZSZ5.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteQ6ZSZ5.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEQ6ZSZ5.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENST00000359920; ENSP00000352995; ENSG00000104880; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID23370.
KEGGhsa:23370.
UCSCuc002mgg.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD23370.
GeneCardsGC19P007351.
GC19P007352.
HGNCHGNC:17090. ARHGEF18.
PharmGKBPA128394630.
HUGESearch...
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

HOGENOMHBG444567.
HOVERGENQ6ZSZ5.
InParanoidQ6ZSZ5.

Enzyme and pathway databases

ReactomeREACT_11044. Signaling by Rho GTPases.
REACT_11061. Signalling by NGF.
REACT_14797. Signaling by GPCR.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressQ6ZSZ5.
BgeeQ6ZSZ5.
CleanExHS_ARHGEF18.
GenevestigatorQ6ZSZ5.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR000219. DH-domain.
IPR011993. PH_type.
IPR001849. Pleckstrin_homology.
IPR015721. RhoGEF-like.
[Graphical view]
Gene3DG3DSA:2.30.29.30. PH_type. 1 hit.
G3DSA:1.20.900.10. RhoGEF. 1 hit.
PANTHERPTHR22825. RhoGEF_like. 1 hit.
PfamPF00169. PH. 1 hit.
PF00621. RhoGEF. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
SMARTSM00233. PH. 1 hit.
SM00325. RhoGEF. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PROSITEPS00741. DH_1. False negative.
PS50010. DH_2. 1 hit.
PS50003. PH_DOMAIN. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio45444.

Entry information

Entry nameARHGI_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: Q6ZSZ5
Secondary accession number(s): O60274, Q6DD92
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: June 10, 2008
Last sequence update: June 10, 2008
Last modified: December 15, 2009
This is version 51 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

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List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents