Q6PHZ2 (KCC2D_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 93.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta Short name=CaM kinase II subunit delta Short name=CaMK-II subunit delta EC=2.7.11.17 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 10090 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 499 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase involved in the regulation of Ca2+ homeostatis and excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) in heart by targeting ion channels, transporters and accessory proteins involved in Ca2+ influx into the myocyte, Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), SR Ca2+ uptake and Na+ and K+ channel transport. Targets also transcription factors and signaling molecules to regulate heart function. In its activated form, is involved in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Contributes to cardiac decompensation and heart failure by regulating SR Ca2+ release via direct phosphorylation of RYR2 Ca2+ channel on 'Ser-2808'. In the nucleus, phosphorylates the MEF2 repressor HDAC4, promoting its nuclear export and binding to 14-3-3 protein, and expression of MEF2 and genes involved in the hypertrophic program. Is essential for left ventricular remodeling responses to myocardial infarction. In pathological myocardial remodeling acts downstream of the beta adrenergic receptor signaling cascade to regulate key proteins involved in ECC. Regulates Ca2+ influx to myocytes by binding and phosphorylating the L-type Ca2+ channel subunit beta-2 CACNB2. In addition to Ca2+ channels, can target and regulate the cardiac sarcolemmal Na+ channel Nav1.5/SCN5A and the K+ channel Kv4.3/KCND3, which contribute to arrhythmogenesis in heart failure. Phosphorylates phospholamban (PLN/PLB), an endogenous inhibitor of SERCA2A/ATP2A2, contributing to the enhancement of SR Ca2+ uptake that may be important in frequency-dependent acceleration of relaxation (FDAR) and maintenance of contractile function during acidosis. May participate in the modulation of skeletal muscle function in response to exercise, by regulating SR Ca2+ transport through phosphorylation of PLN/PLB and triadin, a ryanodine receptor-coupling factor. Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Enzyme regulation | Activated by Ca2+/calmodulin. Binding of calmodulin results in conformational change that relieves intrasteric autoinhibition and allows autophosphorylation of Thr-287 which turns the kinase in a constitutively active form and confers to the kinase a Ca2+-independent activity. |
| Subunit structure | CAMK2 is composed of 4 different chains: alpha (CAMK2A), beta (CAMK2B), gamma (CAMK2G), and delta (CAMK2D). The different isoforms assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 12 subunits with two hexameric rings stacked one on top of the other. Interacts with RRAD By similarity. Interacts with CACNB2. Ref.15 |
| Subcellular location | Cell membrane › sarcolemma; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Probable. Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Probable. |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. Isoform Delta 2, isoform Delta 6, isoform Delta 6 and isoform Delta 10 are expressed in cardiac muscle. Isoform Delta 2 is expressed in skeletal muscle. Ref.4 |
| Domain | The CAMK2 protein kinases contain a unique C-terminal subunit association domain responsible for oligomerization. |
| Post-translational modification | Autophosphorylation of Thr-287 following activation by Ca2+/calmodulin. Phosphorylation of Thr-287 locks the kinase into an activated state By similarity. |
| Miscellaneous | Mice overexpressing CaMK2D develop a dilated cardiomyopathy, enlarged myocytes with reduced contractility and altered Ca2+ handling, and die prematurely in Ref.5. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAD90304.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q6PHZ2-1) Also known as: Delta 2; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q6PHZ2-2) Also known as: Delta 6; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 478-478: K → N 479-499: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q6PHZ2-4) Also known as: Delta 10; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 329-329: E → EPQTTVIHNPDGNKE 478-478: K → N 479-499: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q6PHZ2-5) Also known as: Delta 5; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 328-328: K → KINNKANVVTSPKENIPTPALEPQTTVIHNPDGNK 478-478: K → N 479-499: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed By similarity | ||||||
| Chain | 2 – 499 | 498 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta | PRO_0000277817 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 14 – 272 | 259 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 20 – 28 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 283 – 292 | 10 | Autoinhibitory domain By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 291 – 301 | 11 | Calmodulin-binding By similarity | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 136 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 43 | 1 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 2 | 1 | N-acetylalanine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 231 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.10 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 287 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis Probable | ||||||
| Modified residue | 306 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 307 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 319 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 330 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.12 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 337 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.11 Ref.12 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 404 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 490 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 328 | 1 | K → KINNKANVVTSPKENIPTPA LEPQTTVIHNPDGNK in isoform 4. | VSP_023100 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 329 | 1 | E → EPQTTVIHNPDGNKE in isoform 3. | VSP_023101 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 478 | 1 | K → N in isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4. | VSP_023103 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 479 – 499 | 21 | Missing in isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4. | VSP_023102 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 123 – 125 | 3 | SVN → AVL in BAC30232. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 129 – 132 | 4 | LNGI → QMGV in BAC30232. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 199 | 1 | A → V in BAC30232. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Isoform 2: | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 478 | 1 | N → K in BAE25062. Ref.1 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome." Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J. Hayashizaki Y.Science 309:1559-1563(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2; 3 AND 4). Strain: C57BL/6J. Tissue: Hypothalamus, Stomach and Sympathetic ganglion. |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of mouse homologues of KIAA gene. The complete nucleotide sequences of mouse KIAA-homologous cDNAs identified by screening of terminal sequences of cDNA clones randomly sampled from size-fractionated libraries." Okazaki N., Kikuno R.F., Ohara R., Inamoto S., Nagase T., Ohara O., Koga H. Submitted (FEB-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4). Tissue: Fetal brain. |
| [3] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Strain: C3H/He. Tissue: Osteoblast. |
| [4] | "delta-Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II expression pattern in adult mouse heart and cardiogenic differentiation of embryonic stem cells." Hoch B., Wobus A.M., Krause E.G., Karczewski P. J. Cell. Biochem. 79:293-300(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [5] | "The deltaC isoform of CaMKII is activated in cardiac hypertrophy and induces dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure." Zhang T., Maier L.S., Dalton N.D., Miyamoto S., Ross J. Jr., Bers D.M., Brown J.H. Circ. Res. 92:912-919(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY. |
| [6] | "Regulation of Kv4.3 currents by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II." Sergeant G.P., Ohya S., Reihill J.A., Perrino B.A., Amberg G.C., Imaizumi Y., Horowitz B., Sanders K.M., Koh S.D. Am. J. Physiol. 288:C304-C313(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF POTASSIUM CHANNEL. |
| [7] | "Calmodulin kinase II inhibition protects against structural heart disease." Zhang R., Khoo M.S., Wu Y., Yang Y., Grueter C.E., Ni G., Price E.E. Jr., Thiel W., Guatimosim S., Song L.S., Madu E.C., Shah A.N., Vishnivetskaya T.A., Atkinson J.B., Gurevich V.V., Salama G., Lederer W.J., Colbran R.J., Anderson M.E. Nat. Med. 11:409-417(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN MYOCARDIAL REMODELING. |
| [8] | "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulates cardiac Na+ channels." Wagner S., Dybkova N., Rasenack E.C., Jacobshagen C., Fabritz L., Kirchhof P., Maier S.K., Zhang T., Hasenfuss G., Brown J.H., Bers D.M., Maier L.S. J. Clin. Invest. 116:3127-3138(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF SODIUM CHANNEL. |
| [9] | "Comprehensive identification of phosphorylation sites in postsynaptic density preparations." Trinidad J.C., Specht C.G., Thalhammer A., Schoepfer R., Burlingame A.L. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 5:914-922(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-287, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Brain. |
| [10] | "Large-scale identification and evolution indexing of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from murine brain." Ballif B.A., Carey G.R., Sunyaev S.R., Gygi S.P. J. Proteome Res. 7:311-318(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-231, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Brain. |
| [11] | "Large-scale phosphorylation analysis of mouse liver." Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Gerber S.A., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:1488-1493(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-337, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Liver. |
| [12] | "Large scale localization of protein phosphorylation by use of electron capture dissociation mass spectrometry." Sweet S.M., Bailey C.M., Cunningham D.L., Heath J.K., Cooper H.J. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:904-912(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-330 AND THR-337, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Embryonic fibroblast. |
| [13] | "Requirement for Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II in the transition from pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure in mice." Ling H., Zhang T., Pereira L., Means C.K., Cheng H., Gu Y., Dalton N.D., Peterson K.L., Chen J., Bers D., Heller Brown J. J. Clin. Invest. 119:1230-1240(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN CARDIAC HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. |
| [14] | "The delta isoform of CaM kinase II is required for pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling after pressure overload." Backs J., Backs T., Neef S., Kreusser M.M., Lehmann L.H., Patrick D.M., Grueter C.E., Qi X., Richardson J.A., Hill J.A., Katus H.A., Bassel-Duby R., Maier L.S., Olson E.N. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106:2342-2347(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY AND REMODELING. |
| [15] | "CaV1.2 beta-subunit coordinates CaMKII-triggered cardiomyocyte death and afterdepolarizations." Koval O.M., Guan X., Wu Y., Joiner M.L., Gao Z., Chen B., Grumbach I.M., Luczak E.D., Colbran R.J., Song L.S., Hund T.J., Mohler P.J., Anderson M.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107:4996-5000(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN PHOSPHORYLATION OF L-TYPE CALCIUM CHANNEL, INTERACTION WITH CACNB2. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AK039076 mRNA. Translation: BAC30232.1. AK012702 mRNA. Translation: BAB28422.1. AK142435 mRNA. Translation: BAE25062.1. AK148840 mRNA. Translation: BAE28674.1. AK220516 mRNA. Translation: BAD90304.1. Different initiation. BC052894 mRNA. Translation: AAH52894.1. |
| IPI | IPI00112584. IPI00828919. IPI00987787. IPI01016213. |
| RefSeq | NP_001020609.1. NM_001025438.1. NP_001020610.1. NM_001025439.1. NP_076302.1. NM_023813.3. |
| UniGene | Mm.255822. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q6PHZ2. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| DIP | DIP-47638N. |
| IntAct | Q6PHZ2. 2 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-4391081. |
| STRING | 10090.ENSMUSP00000102012. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q6PHZ2. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q6PHZ2. |
| PRIDE | Q6PHZ2. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENSMUST00000066466; ENSMUSP00000063359; ENSMUSG00000053819. ENSMUST00000106400; ENSMUSP00000102008; ENSMUSG00000053819. ENSMUST00000106402; ENSMUSP00000102010; ENSMUSG00000053819. ENSMUST00000169051; ENSMUSP00000132554; ENSMUSG00000053819. |
| GeneID | 108058. |
| KEGG | mmu:108058. |
| UCSC | uc008rgh.1. mouse. uc008rgl.1. mouse. uc008rgn.1. mouse. uc008rgo.1. mouse. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 817. |
| MGI | MGI:1341265. Camk2d. |
| Rouge | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG0515. |
| GeneTree | ENSGT00680000099653. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000233016. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG108055. |
| KO | K04515. |
| OrthoDB | EOG42JNR7. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q6PHZ2. |
| Bgee | Q6PHZ2. |
| Genevestigator | Q6PHZ2. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR020636. Ca/CaM-dep_Ca-dep_prot_Kinase. IPR013543. Ca/CaM-dep_prot_kinase-assoc. IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR002290. Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. [Graphical view] |
| PANTHER | PTHR24347. PTHR24347. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF08332. CaMKII_AD. 1 hit. PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF56112. Kinase_like. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | Q6PHZ2. |
| NextBio | 359953. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | KCC2D_MOUSE | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q6PHZ2 Secondary accession number(s): Q3UF87 Q9CZE2 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| MGD cross-references Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
