Q6AZZ1 (TRI68_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM68
EC=6.3.2.-

Alternative name(s):
RING finger protein 137
SSA protein SS-56
Short name=SS-56
Tripartite motif-containing protein 68

Gene names

Name:	TRIM68
Synonyms:	GC109, RNF137, SS56

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	485 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Functions as an ubiquitin E3 ligase. Acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (AR) depending on its ubiquitin ligase activity. Ref.8
Pathway	Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.
Subunit structure	Interacts with AR/androgen receptor (via ligand-binding domain). Interacts with KAT5/TIP60. Ref.8
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › perinuclear region. Nucleus. Note: Colocalized with AR in nucleus. Ref.1 Ref.8
Tissue specificity	Widely expressed. Expressed at high levels in prostate cancer cell lines. Up-regulation could be restricted to androgen-dependent cells. Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.8
Induction	Up-regulated in prostate cancer.
Domain	The RING domain is essential for ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. Ref.8
Post-translational modification	Auto-ubiquitinated.
Miscellaneous	Antibodies against TRIM68 are found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjoegren syndrome.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family. Contains 1 B box-type zinc finger. Contains 1 B30.2/SPRY domain. Contains 1 RING-type zinc finger.
Sequence caution	The sequence BAA91569.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. The sequence BAB14309.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Ubl conjugation pathway
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Coiled coil Zinc-finger
Ligand	Metal-binding Zinc
Molecular function	Ligase
PTM	Ubl conjugation
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	protein autoubiquitination Inferred from direct assay Ref.8. Source: UniProtKB regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway Inferred from direct assay Ref.8. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	Golgi apparatus Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA nucleolus Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA perinuclear region of cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular_function	ubiquitin-protein ligase activity Inferred from direct assay Ref.8. Source: UniProtKB zinc ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 485	485	E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM68		PRO_0000249437
Regions
	Domain	285 – 481	197	B30.2/SPRY
	Zinc finger	16 – 61	46	RING-type
	Zinc finger	93 – 134	42	B box-type
	Coiled coil	207 – 239	33	Potential
Natural variations
	Natural variant	442	1	C → Y. Ref.1 Corresponds to variant rs2231975 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_027415
	Natural variant	457	1	R → H. Corresponds to variant rs2231976 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_063007
	Natural variant	466	1	Y → S. Corresponds to variant rs7109316 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_063008
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	44	1	W → R in BAG51737. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	109 – 114	6	CKEDVL → RGNSLQ in AAF91075. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	175	1	I → V in AAF91075. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	303	1	A → G in AAL31641. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	314	1	S → P in BAB14309. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	376	1	K → Y in AAF91075. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	399	1	R → K in AAF91075. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	411	1	Y → V in AAF91075. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	422	1	R → P in AAF91075. Ref.7

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q6AZZ1 [UniParc]. Last modified September 13, 2004. Version 1. Checksum: FCB9A6076382E2A5	FASTA	485	56,259
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDPTALVEAI VEEVACPICM TFLREPMSID CGHSFCHSCL SGLWEIPGES QNWGYTCPLC 70 80 90 100 110 120 RAPVQPRNLR PNWQLANVVE KVRLLRLHPG MGLKGDLCER HGEKLKMFCK EDVLIMCEAC 130 140 150 160 170 180 SQSPEHEAHS VVPMEDVAWE YKWELHEALE HLKKEQEEAW KLEVGERKRT ATWKIQVETR 190 200 210 220 230 240 KQSIVWEFEK YQRLLEKKQP PHRQLGAEVA AALASLQREA AETMQKLELN HSELIQQSQV 250 260 270 280 290 300 LWRMIAELKE RSQRPVRWML QDIQEVLNRS KSWSLQQPEP ISLELKTDCR VLGLREILKT 310 320 330 340 350 360 YAADVRLDPD TAYSRLIVSE DRKRVHYGDT NQKLPDNPER FYRYNIVLGS QCISSGRHYW 370 380 390 400 410 420 EVEVGDRSEW GLGVCKQNVD RKEVVYLSPH YGFWVIRLRK GNEYRAGTDE YPILSLPVPP 430 440 450 460 470 480 RRVGIFVDYE AHDISFYNVT DCGSHIFTFP RYPFPGRLLP YFSPCYSIGT NNTAPLAICS LDGED

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"SS-56, a novel cellular target of autoantibody responses in Sjogren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus." Billaut-Mulot O., Cocude C., Kolesnitchenko V., Truong M.-J., Chan E.K.L., Hachulla E., de La Tribonniere X., Capron A., Bahr G.M. J. Clin. Invest. 108:861-869(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, IDENTIFICATION AS AUTOANTIGEN IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, VARIANT TYR-442.
[2]	"Cloning and characterization of FLJ10369, a novel Ro/SSA1-related gene on human chromosome 11p15.5." Rhodes D.A., Allcock R.J.N., Trowsdale J. Submitted (OCT-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Teratocarcinoma.
[4]	"Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification." Taylor T.D., Noguchi H., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Kuroki Y., Dewar K., Lloyd C., Itoh T., Takeda T., Kim D.-W., She X., Barlow K.F., Bloom T., Bruford E., Chang J.L., Cuomo C.A., Eichler E., FitzGerald M.G. , Jaffe D.B., LaButti K., Nicol R., Park H.-S., Seaman C., Sougnez C., Yang X., Zimmer A.R., Zody M.C., Birren B.W., Nusbaum C., Fujiyama A., Hattori M., Rogers J., Lander E.S., Sakaki Y. Nature 440:497-500(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[7]	"A novel gene on human chromosome 2p24 is differentially expressed between androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells." Chang G.T., Steenbeek M., Schippers E., Blok L.J., van Weerden W.M., van Alewijk D.C., Eussen B.H., van Steenbrugge G.J., Brinkmann A.O. Eur. J. Cancer 37:2129-2134(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 109-427, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[8]	"TRIM68 regulates ligand-dependent transcription of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells." Miyajima N., Maruyama S., Bohgaki M., Kano S., Shigemura M., Shinohara N., Nonomura K., Hatakeyama S. Cancer Res. 68:3486-3494(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH KAT5 AND AR, DOMAIN RING, AUTOUBIQUITINATION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF360739 mRNA. Translation: AAL11501.1. AF439153 mRNA. Translation: AAL31641.1. AK001231 mRNA. Translation: BAA91569.1. Different initiation. AK022923 mRNA. Translation: BAB14309.1. Different initiation. AK291166 mRNA. Translation: BAF83855.1. AK056523 mRNA. Translation: BAG51737.1. AC090719 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471064 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW68835.1. BC075058 mRNA. Translation: AAH75058.1. BC109063 mRNA. Translation: AAI09064.1. AY005802 mRNA. Translation: AAF91075.1.
IPI	IPI00292487.
RefSeq	NP_060543.5. NM_018073.6.
UniGene	Hs.523438. Hs.738828.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1JM7 based on UniProtKB P38398.
ProteinModelPortal	Q6AZZ1.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q6AZZ1. 1 interaction.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000300747.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q6AZZ1.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	74748376.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q6AZZ1.
PRIDE	Q6AZZ1.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	55128.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000300747; ENSP00000300747; ENSG00000167333.
GeneID	55128.
KEGG	hsa:55128.
UCSC	uc001lzf.2. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	55128.
GeneCards	GC11M004577.
HGNC	HGNC:21161. TRIM68.
HPA	HPA023455.
MIM	613184. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q6AZZ1.
PharmGKB	PA134939870.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG252602.
HOVERGEN	HBG001357.
InParanoid	Q6AZZ1.
KO	K12033.
OMA	CYSIGTN.
OrthoDB	EOG4XSKPR.
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathway	UPA00143.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q6AZZ1.
Bgee	Q6AZZ1.
CleanEx	HS_TRIM68.
Genevestigator	Q6AZZ1.
GermOnline	ENSG00000167333. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.30.40.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR001870. B30.2/SPRY. IPR003879. Butyrophylin. IPR008985. ConA-like_lec_gl_sf. IPR006574. PRY. IPR018355. SPla/RYanodine_receptor_subgr. IPR003877. SPRY_rcpt. IPR000315. Znf_B-box. IPR001841. Znf_RING. IPR013083. Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD. IPR017907. Znf_RING_CS. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00622. SPRY. 1 hit. PF00643. zf-B_box. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01407. BUTYPHLNCDUF.
SMART	SM00336. BBOX. 1 hit. SM00589. PRY. 1 hit. SM00184. RING. 1 hit. SM00449. SPRY. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF49899. ConA_like_lec_gl. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS50188. B302_SPRY. 1 hit. PS50119. ZF_BBOX. 1 hit. PS00518. ZF_RING_1. 1 hit. PS50089. ZF_RING_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	TRIM68. human.
GenomeRNAi	55128.
NextBio	58790.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

TRI68_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q6AZZ1
Secondary accession number(s): A6NI19 , A8K551, B3KPM5, Q8WZ70, Q96LE5, Q96PF7, Q9H9C2, Q9NW18

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	September 19, 2006
Last sequence update:	September 13, 2004
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 94 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.