ID   ARC_RAT                 Reviewed;         396 AA.
AC   Q63053; Q62743;
DT   23-JAN-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-NOV-1996, sequence version 1.
DT   14-DEC-2011, entry version 57.
DE   RecName: Full=Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein;
DE   AltName: Full=ARC/ARG3.1;
DE   AltName: Full=Activity-regulated gene 3.1 protein;
DE            Short=Arg3.1;
GN   Name=Arc;
OS   Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC   Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Sciurognathi;
OC   Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,
RP   DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND INDUCTION.
RC   TISSUE=Hippocampus;
RX   MEDLINE=95161073; PubMed=7857651; DOI=10.1016/0896-6273(95)90299-6;
RA   Lyford G.L., Yamagata K., Kaufmann W.E., Barnes C.A., Sanders L.K.,
RA   Copeland N.G., Gilbert D.J., Jenkins N.A., Lanahan A.A., Worley P.F.;
RT   "Arc, a growth factor and activity-regulated gene, encodes a novel
RT   cytoskeleton-associated protein that is enriched in neuronal
RT   dendrites.";
RL   Neuron 14:433-445(1995).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,
RP   AND INDUCTION.
RC   STRAIN=Sprague-Dawley; TISSUE=Hippocampus;
RX   MEDLINE=95296386; PubMed=7777577; DOI=10.1073/pnas.92.12.5734;
RA   Link W., Konietzko U., Kauselmann G., Krug M., Schwanke B., Frey U.,
RA   Kuhl D.;
RT   "Somatodendritic expression of an immediate early gene is regulated by
RT   synaptic activity.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:5734-5738(1995).
RN   [3]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INTERACTION WITH DNM2; SH3GL1 AND SH3GL3.
RX   PubMed=17088211; DOI=10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.033;
RA   Chowdhury S., Shepherd J.D., Okuno H., Lyford G., Petralia R.S.,
RA   Plath N., Kuhl D., Huganir R.L., Worley P.F.;
RT   "Arc/Arg3.1 interacts with the endocytic machinery to regulate AMPA
RT   receptor trafficking.";
RL   Neuron 52:445-459(2006).
RN   [4]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=17088212; DOI=10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.031;
RA   Rial Verde E.M., Lee-Osbourne J., Worley P.F., Malinow R., Cline H.T.;
RT   "Increased expression of the immediate-early gene arc/arg3.1 reduces
RT   AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission.";
RL   Neuron 52:461-474(2006).
RN   [5]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=17088213; DOI=10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.034;
RA   Shepherd J.D., Rumbaugh G., Wu J., Chowdhury S., Plath N., Kuhl D.,
RA   Huganir R.L., Worley P.F.;
RT   "Arc/Arg3.1 mediates homeostatic synaptic scaling of AMPA Receptors.";
RL   Neuron 52:475-484(2006).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and
CC       cytoskeletal organization. Required in the stress fiber dynamics
CC       and cell migration (By similarity). Required for consolidation of
CC       synaptic plasticity as well as formation of long-term memory.
CC       Regulates endocytosis of AMPA receptors in response to synaptic
CC       activity. Required for homeostatic synaptic scaling of AMPA
CC       receptors.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with SH3GL1/endophilin-2, SH3GL3/endophilin-3
CC       and DNM2/DYN2.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Endosome.
CC       Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome (By similarity).
CC       Cytoplasm, cell cortex. Cell projection, dendrite. Cell
CC       projection, dendritic spine. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic
CC       cell membrane, postsynaptic density. Cell junction, synapse.
CC       Note=Enriched on the plasma membrane (By similarity). Associated
CC       with the cell cortex of neuronal soma and dendrites. Enriched in
CC       postsynaptic density of dendritic spines. Associated with the
CC       sperm tail.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed exclusively in certain parts of the
CC       brain including cortex and molecular layer of the hippocampus.
CC       Typically expressed at high level in a minority of neurons. Basal
CC       expression higher in cortex than in hippocampus, highest in visual
CC       cortex.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed during postnatal development from
CC       day 8. Highest expression around day 23 with moderate levels
CC       expressed to adulthood.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: By synaptic activity in hippocampus, cerebral cortex,
CC       amygdala and hypothalamus. Highest level in hippocampus within 30
CC       min, dropping to basal levels within 24 hours. By NGF and EGF in
CC       fibroblasts.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Widely used as activity-dependent neuronal marker
CC       to identify recently activated neurons in behavioral studies (By
CC       similarity).
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Neurons overexpressing Arc show reduced AMPA
CC       receptor-dependent synaptic transmission associated with reduced
CC       surface levels of AMPA receptor. This effect is dependent on NMDA
CC       receptor activity.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Transcripts enriched in dendrites may be translated
CC       locally.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ARC/ARG3.1 family.
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DR   EMBL; U19866; AAA68695.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; Z46925; CAA87033.1; -; mRNA.
DR   IPI; IPI00208151; -.
DR   PIR; I58168; I58168.
DR   RefSeq; NP_062234.1; NM_019361.1.
DR   UniGene; Rn.10086; -.
DR   STRING; Q63053; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSRNOT00000067442; ENSRNOP00000063719; ENSRNOG00000043465.
DR   GeneID; 54323; -.
DR   KEGG; rno:54323; -.
DR   CTD; 23237; -.
DR   RGD; 62037; Arc.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00390000003914; -.
DR   HOVERGEN; HBG080862; -.
DR   OrthoDB; EOG49S66B; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q63053; -.
DR   NextBio; 611018; -.
DR   Genevestigator; Q63053; -.
DR   GO; GO:0001669; C:acrosomal vesicle; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0015629; C:actin cytoskeleton; IDA:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0005938; C:cell cortex; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0030054; C:cell junction; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005768; C:endosome; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0014069; C:postsynaptic density; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0045211; C:postsynaptic membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0016477; P:cell migration; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0007010; P:cytoskeleton organization; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006897; P:endocytosis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0007612; P:learning; IEP:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0022604; P:regulation of cell morphogenesis; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048168; P:regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity; IEP:RGD.
DR   InterPro; IPR023263; Activity-reg_cytoskelet-assoc.
DR   PRINTS; PR02027; ARCARG31.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Cell junction; Cell membrane; Cell projection; Coiled coil;
KW   Complete proteome; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasmic vesicle; Cytoskeleton;
KW   Developmental protein; Endocytosis; Endosome; Membrane;
KW   Postsynaptic cell membrane; Reference proteome; Synapse.
FT   CHAIN         1    396       Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-
FT                                associated protein.
FT                                /FTId=PRO_0000273287.
FT   REGION       89    100       Binds SH3GL1 or SH3GL3.
FT   REGION      195    214       Required for binding DNM2.
FT   COILED       54     78       Potential.
FT   CONFLICT    209    209       V -> L (in Ref. 1; AAA68695).
SQ   SEQUENCE   396 AA;  45353 MW;  4E95B46B75853CA5 CRC64;
     MELDHMTTGG LHAYPAPRGG PAAKPNVILQ IGKCRAEMLE HVRRTHRHLL TEVSKQVERE
     LKGLHRSVGK LENNLDGYVP TGDSQRWKKS IKACLCRCQE TIANLERWVK REMHVWREVF
     YRLERWADRL ESMGGKYPVG SEPARHTVSV GVGGPEPYCQ EADGYDYTVS PYAITPPPAA
     GELPEQESVG AQQYQSWVPG EDGQPSPGVD TQIFEDPREF LSHLEEYLRQ VGGSEEYWLS
     QIQNHMNGPA KKWWEFKQGS VKNWVEFKKE FLQYSEGTLS REAIQRELDL PQKQGEPLDQ
     FLWRKRDLYQ TLYVDAEEEE IIQYVVGTLQ PKFKRFLRHP LPKTLEQLIQ RGMEVQDGLE
     QAAEPSVTPL PTEDETEALT PALTSESVAS DRTQPE
//