Q61646 (HPT_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Haptoglobin

Alternative name(s):
Zonulin

Cleaved into the following 2 chains:

1. Haptoglobin alpha chain
2. Haptoglobin beta chain

Gene names

Name:

Hp

Organism

Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10090 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	347 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	As a result of hemolysis, hemoglobin is found to accumulate in the kidney and is secreted in the urine. Haptoglobin captures, and combines with free plasma hemoglobin to allow hepatic recycling of heme iron and to prevent kidney damage. Haptoglobin also acts as an antioxidant, has antibacterial activity and plays a role in modulating many aspects of the acute phase response. Hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes are rapidely cleared by the macrophage CD163 scavenger receptor expressed on the surface of liver Kupfer cells through an endocytic lysosomal degradation pathway By similarity. Uncleaved haptoglogin, also known as zonulin, plays a role in intestinal permeability, allowing intercellular tight junction disassembly, and controlling the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to non-self antigens By similarity.
Subunit structure	Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains; disufide-linked. The Hemoglobin/haptoglobin complex is composed of a haptoglobin dimer bound to two hemoglobin alpha-beta dimers. Interacts with CD163 By similarity.
Subcellular location	Secreted By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma.
Domain	The beta chain mediates most of the interactions with both subunits of hemoglobin, while the alpha chain forms the homodimeric interface By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain. Contains 1 Sushi (CCP/SCR) domain.
Caution	Although homologous to serine proteases, it has lost all essential catalytic residues and has no enzymatic activity.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Acute phase Immunity
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal Sushi
Ligand	Hemoglobin-binding
Molecular function	Antibiotic Antimicrobial Antioxidant Serine protease homolog
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	acute-phase response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW defense response to bacterium Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW liver development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: GOC organ regeneration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to L-ascorbic acid Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to X-ray Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to cobalamin Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to drug Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to glucocorticoid stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to heat Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to hypoxia Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to lead ion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to lipopolysaccharide Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to magnesium ion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara spermatogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	Golgi apparatus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara endoplasmic reticulum Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara extracellular space Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	antioxidant activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW catalytic activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 18	18	Potential
	Chain	19 – 347	329	Haptoglobin		PRO_0000028462
	Chain	19 – 101	83	Haptoglobin alpha chain		PRO_0000028463
	Chain	103 – 347	245	Haptoglobin beta chain		PRO_0000028464
Regions
	Domain	31 – 88	58	Sushi
	Domain	103 – 345	243	Peptidase S1
	Region	259 – 264	6	Interaction with CD163 By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	148	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.2
	Glycosylation	182	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.2
	Glycosylation	256	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.2
	Glycosylation	264	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	33		Interchain By similarity
	Disulfide bond	52 ↔ 86		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	90 ↔ 207		Interchain (between alpha and beta chains) By similarity
	Disulfide bond	250 ↔ 281		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	292 ↔ 322		By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q61646 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 63822D121232F130	FASTA	347	38,752
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRALGAVVTL LLWGQLFAVE LGNDAMDFED DSCPKPPEIA NGYVEHLVRY RCRQFYRLRA 70 80 90 100 110 120 EGDGVYTLND EKQWVNTVAG EKLPECEAVC GKPKHPVDQV QRIIGGSMDA KGSFPWQAKM 130 140 150 160 170 180 ISRHGLTTGA TLISDQWLLT TAKNLFLNHS ETASAKDITP TLTLYVGKNQ LVEIEKVVLH 190 200 210 220 230 240 PNHSVVDIGL IKLKQRVLVT ERVMPICLPS KDYIAPGRVG YVSGWGRNAN FRFTDRLKYV 250 260 270 280 290 300 MLPVADQDKC VVHYENSTVP EKKNLTSPVG VQPILNEHTF CAGLTKYQED TCYGDAGSAF 310 320 330 340 AIHDMEEDTW YAAGILSFDK SCAVAEYGVY VRATDLKDWV QETMAKN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Expression of haptoglobin in mouse adipose tissue." Ponte P.A., White R.T., Uyeda C.M., Coleman R.T. Submitted (JUL-1992) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: C57BL/6J.
[2]	"Proteome-wide characterization of N-glycosylation events by diagonal chromatography." Ghesquiere B., Van Damme J., Martens L., Vandekerckhove J., Gevaert K. J. Proteome Res. 5:2438-2447(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-148; ASN-182 AND ASN-256, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Strain: C57BL/6. Tissue: Plasma.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M96827 mRNA. Translation: AAA37779.1.
IPI	IPI00409148.
RefSeq	NP_059066.1. NM_017370.2.
UniGene	Mm.26730.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q61646.
SMR	Q61646. Positions 33-345.
ModBase	Search...
Protein family/group databases
MEROPS	S01.972.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q61646.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q61646.
PRIDE	Q61646.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSMUST00000074898; ENSMUSP00000074436; ENSMUSG00000031722.
GeneID	15439.
KEGG	mmu:15439.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	3240.
MGI	MGI:96211. Hp.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG246387.
GeneTree	ENSGT00560000076714.
HOGENOM	HOG000112945.
HOVERGEN	HBG005989.
InParanoid	Q61646.
KO	K16142.
OMA	TLLLWGQ.
OrthoDB	EOG4XPQG5.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q61646.
Bgee	Q61646.
CleanEx	MM_HP.
Genevestigator	Q61646.
GermOnline	ENSMUSG00000031722. Mus musculus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR008292. Haptoglobin. IPR001254. Peptidase_S1. IPR001314. Peptidase_S1A. IPR000436. Sushi_SCR_CCP. IPR009003. Trypsin-like_Pept_dom. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00089. Trypsin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF001137. Haptoglobin. 1 hit.
PRINTS	PR00722. CHYMOTRYPSIN.
SMART	SM00032. CCP. 1 hit. SM00020. Tryp_SPc. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF57535. Complement_control_module. 1 hit. SSF50494. Pept_Ser_Cys. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS50923. SUSHI. 1 hit. PS50240. TRYPSIN_DOM. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	HP. mouse.
NextBio	288222.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HPT_MOUSE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q61646

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 10, 2003
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1996
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 104 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program