Q5VYX0 (RNLS_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Renalase
EC=1.4.-.-

Alternative name(s):
Monoamine oxidase-C
Short name=MAO-C

Gene names

Name:	RNLS
Synonyms:	C10orf59

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	342 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Probable FAD-dependent amine oxidase secreted by the kidney, which circulates in blood and modulates cardiac function and systemic blood pressure. Degrades catecholamines such as dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine in vitro. Lowers blood pressure in vivo by decreasing cardiac contractility and heart rate and preventing a compensatory increase in peripheral vascular tone, suggesting a causal link to the increased plasma catecholamine and heightened cardiovascular risk. High concentrations of catecholamines activate plasma renalase and promotes its secretion and synthesis By similarity. According to Ref.5, is unlikely that renalase has physiologically relevant catecholamine-oxidizing activity. Ref.4 Ref.5
Cofactor	FAD.
Subcellular location	Secreted Ref.4.
Tissue specificity	Secreted into the blood by the kidney. Highly expressed in the kidney, expressed at lower level in heart, skeletal muscle and small intestine. Its plasma concentration is markedly reduced in patients with end-stage renal disease, as compared with healthy subjects. Ref.4
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the renalase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Ligand	FAD
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	oxidoreductase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q5VYX0-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: Q5VYX0-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     294-315: TNAAANCPGQMTLHHKPFLACG → PSAGVILGCAKSPWMMAIGFPI
     316-342: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 17

17

Potential

Chain

18 – 342

325

Renalase

PRO_0000019588

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

294 – 315

22

TNAAA…FLACG → PSAGVILGCAKSPWMMAIGF PI in isoform 2.

VSP_015211

Alternative sequence

316 – 342

27

Missing in isoform 2.

VSP_015212

Natural variant

37

1

E → D. Ref.3
Corresponds to variant rs2296545 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_023310

Secondary structure

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

342

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Beta strand

2 – 7

6

Helix

11 – 21

11

Beta strand

28 – 33

6

Beta strand

35 – 39

5

Helix

41 – 43

3

Beta strand

45 – 47

3

Beta strand

55 – 59

5

Beta strand

63 – 65

3

Helix

69 – 72

4

Helix

74 – 82

9

Beta strand

103 – 106

4

Helix

113 – 122

10

Beta strand

125 – 129

5

Beta strand

132 – 137

6

Beta strand

139 – 149

11

Beta strand

152 – 159

8

Helix

163 – 166

4

Helix

173 – 176

4

Helix

179 – 186

8

Beta strand

193 – 199

7

Beta strand

211 – 214

4

Beta strand

219 – 226

8

Helix

227 – 230

4

Beta strand

241 – 246

6

Helix

248 – 253

6

Turn

254 – 256

3

Helix

259 – 273

15

Beta strand

281 – 288

8

Beta strand

292 – 295

4

Beta strand

298 – 300

3

Beta strand

304 – 307

4

Turn

308 – 310

3

Beta strand

311 – 314

4

Helix

317 – 319

3

Helix

324 – 338

15

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified December 7, 2004. Version 1. Checksum: 952827FF7926AF48	FASTA	342	37,847
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAQVLIVGAG MTGSLCAALL RRQTSGPLYL AVWDKAEDSG GRMTTACSPH NPQCTADLGA 70 80 90 100 110 120 QYITCTPHYA KKHQRFYDEL LAYGVLRPLS SPIEGMVMKE GDCNFVAPQG ISSIIKHYLK 130 140 150 160 170 180 ESGAEVYFRH RVTQINLRDD KWEVSKQTGS PEQFDLIVLT MPVPEILQLQ GDITTLISEC 190 200 210 220 230 240 QRQQLEAVSY SSRYALGLFY EAGTKIDVPW AGQYITSNPC IRFVSIDNKK RNIESSEIGP 250 260 270 280 290 300 SLVIHTTVPF GVTYLEHSIE DVQELVFQQL ENILPGLPQP IATKCQKWRH SQVTNAAANC 310 320 330 340 PGQMTLHHKP FLACGGDGFT QSNFDGCITS ALCVLEALKN YI
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: 8C1EBF93073E4690	FASTA	315	34,949
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAQVLIVGAG MTGSLCAALL RRQTSGPLYL AVWDKAEDSG GRMTTACSPH NPQCTADLGA 70 80 90 100 110 120 QYITCTPHYA KKHQRFYDEL LAYGVLRPLS SPIEGMVMKE GDCNFVAPQG ISSIIKHYLK 130 140 150 160 170 180 ESGAEVYFRH RVTQINLRDD KWEVSKQTGS PEQFDLIVLT MPVPEILQLQ GDITTLISEC 190 200 210 220 230 240 QRQQLEAVSY SSRYALGLFY EAGTKIDVPW AGQYITSNPC IRFVSIDNKK RNIESSEIGP 250 260 270 280 290 300 SLVIHTTVPF GVTYLEHSIE DVQELVFQQL ENILPGLPQP IATKCQKWRH SQVPSAGVIL 310 GCAKSPWMMA IGFPI

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Placenta.
[2]	"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10." Deloukas P., Earthrowl M.E., Grafham D.V., Rubenfield M., French L., Steward C.A., Sims S.K., Jones M.C., Searle S., Scott C., Howe K., Hunt S.E., Andrews T.D., Gilbert J.G.R., Swarbreck D., Ashurst J.L., Taylor A., Battles J. , Bird C.P., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ashwell R.I.S., Ambrose K.D., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Bates K., Beasley H., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Cahill P., Camire D., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Corby N., Coulson A., Dhami P., Dutta I., Dunn M., Faulkner L., Frankish A., Frankland J.A., Garner P., Garnett J., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Grocock R., Gustafson E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E., Heath P.D., Ho T.P., Hopkins B., Horne J., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Hynds C., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kana A., Kay M., Kimberley A.M., Kershaw J.K., Kokkinaki M., Laird G.K., Lawlor S., Lee H.M., Leongamornlert D.A., Laird G., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., McLaren S., McLay K.E., McMurray A., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Milne S., Nickerson T., Nguyen M., Overton-Larty E., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K., Rice C.M., Rogosin A., Ross M.T., Sarafidou T., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Standring L., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thorpe A., Torcasso W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tsolas J., Wall M., Walsh J., Wang H., Weinstock K., West A.P., Willey D.L., Whitehead S.L., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Young L., Chen Y., Lovering R.C., Moschonas N.K., Siebert R., Fechtel K., Bentley D., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Doucette-Stamm L., Beck S., Smith D.R., Rogers J. Nature 429:375-381(2004) [PubMed: 15164054] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ASP-37. Tissue: Kidney.
[4]	"Renalase is a novel, soluble monoamine oxidase that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure." Xu J., Li G., Wang P., Velazquez H., Yao X., Li Y., Wu Y., Peixoto A., Crowley S., Desir G.V. J. Clin. Invest. 115:1275-1280(2005) [PubMed: 15841207] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[5]	"Renalase, a catecholamine-metabolising enzyme?" Boomsma F., Tipton K.F. J. Neural Transm. 114:775-776(2007) [PubMed: 17385068] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

AK002080 mRNA. Translation: BAA92073.1.
AL353149, AL365185, AL139406 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH70340.1.
AL353149, AL139406, AL365185 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH70341.1.
AL365185, AL353149, AL139406 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH73628.1.
AL365185, AL139406, AL353149 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH73629.1.
AL139406, AL353149, AL365185 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH73711.1.
AL139406, AL353149, AL365185 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH73712.1.
BC005364 mRNA. Translation: AAH05364.1.

IPI

IPI00019998.
IPI00028526.

RefSeq

NP_001026879.2. NM_001031709.2.
NP_060833.1. NM_018363.3.

UniGene

Hs.149849.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
3QJ4	X-ray	2.50	A/B	1-342	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

Q5VYX0.

SMR

Q5VYX0. Positions 1-341.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntAct

Q5VYX0. 1 interaction.

STRING

Q5VYX0.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

Q5VYX0.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

73914006.

Proteomic databases

PRIDE

Q5VYX0.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000331772; ENSP00000332530; ENSG00000184719.

GeneID

55328.

KEGG

hsa:55328.

UCSC

uc001kfd.1. human.
uc001kfe.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

55328.

GeneCards

GC10M090024.

HGNC

HGNC:25641. RNLS.

MIM

609360. gene.

neXtProt

NX_Q5VYX0.

PharmGKB

PA134978811.
PA165549084.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

prNOG16455.

GeneTree

ENSGT00390000016052.

InParanoid

Q5VYX0.

OMA

GQMTLHH.

PhylomeDB

Q5VYX0.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

Q5VYX0.

Bgee

Q5VYX0.

CleanEx

HS_C10orf59.

Genevestigator

Q5VYX0.

GermOnline

ENSG00000184719. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR002937. Amino_oxidase.
[Graphical view]

Pfam

PF01593. Amino_oxidase. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

NextBio

59608.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

RNLS_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q5VYX0
Secondary accession number(s): Q9BS33, Q9NUP8

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 30, 2005
Last sequence update:	December 7, 2004
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 74 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.