Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q4AEH0 (GPX4_MACFU)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial
      Short name=PHGPx
    EC=1.11.1.12
Alternative name(s):
    Glutathione peroxidase 4
      Short name=GPx-4

Gene names

Name:

GPX4

Organism

Macaca fuscata fuscata (Japanese macaque)

Taxonomic identifier

9543 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Cercopithecidae › Cercopithecinae › Macaca

Protein attributes

Sequence length	197 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Protects cells against membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death. Required for normal sperm development and male fertility. Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Essential for embryonic development. Protects from radiation and oxidative damage By similarity.
Catalytic activity	2 glutathione + a lipid hydroperoxide = glutathione disulfide + lipid + 2 H2O.
Subunit structure	Monomer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion By similarity. Cytoplasm By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Expressed very intensively in the testis and weakly in lung, heart, and cerebellum. Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative initiation Selenocysteine
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	Selenium
Molecular function	Developmental protein Oxidoreductase Peroxidase
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	multicellular organismal development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW response to oxidative stress Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	mitochondrion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	glutathione peroxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC selenium binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative initiation. [Align] [Select]

Isoform Mitochondrial (identifier: Q4AEH0-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform Cytoplasmic (identifier: Q4AEH0-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-27: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – ?		Mitochondrion Potential
	Chain	? – 197		Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial		PRO_0000042611
Sites
	Active site	73	1	By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Non-standard residue	73	1	Selenocysteine
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 27	27	Missing in isoform Cytoplasmic.		VSP_018742

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform Mitochondrial [UniParc]. Last modified February 26, 2008. Version 2. Checksum: D2C65F9DADAC0098	FASTA	197	22,187
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNLGRLCRLL KPALLCGALA APGLAGTMCA SRDDWRCARS MHEFSAKDID GHMVNLDKYR 70 80 90 100 110 120 GFVCIVTNVA SQUGKTEVNY TQLVDLHARY AECGVRILAF PCNQFGKQEP GSNEKIKEFA 130 140 150 160 170 180 AGYNVKFDMF SKICVNGDDA HPLWKWMKIQ PKGKGILGNA IKWNFTKFLI DKNGCVVKRY 190 GPMEEPLVIE KDLPHYF
	Isoform Cytoplasmic. Checksum: C6C6F2FDB0A6E9D0	FASTA	170	19,510
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MCASRDDWRC ARSMHEFSAK DIDGHMVNLD KYRGFVCIVT NVASQUGKTE VNYTQLVDLH 70 80 90 100 110 120 ARYAECGVRI LAFPCNQFGK QEPGSNEKIK EFAAGYNVKF DMFSKICVNG DDAHPLWKWM 130 140 150 160 170 KIQPKGKGIL GNAIKWNFTK FLIDKNGCVV KRYGPMEEPL VIEKDLPHYF

References

[1]	"Structure, gene expression, and evolution of primate glutathione peroxidases." Fukuhara R., Kageyama T. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 141B:428-436(2005) [PubMed: 15967696] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AB121012 mRNA. Translation: BAE17020.1.
3D structure databases
SMR	Q4AEH0. Positions 36-197.
ModBase	Search...
Protein family/group databases
PeroxiBase	3708. MfGPx04.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	Q4AEH0.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.11.1.12. 276174.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000889. Glutathione_peroxidase. IPR012335. Thioredoxin_fold. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.30.10. Thioredoxin_fold. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR11592. Glut_peroxidase. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00255. GSHPx. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF000303. Glutathion_perox. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00460. GLUTATHIONE_PEROXID_1. 1 hit. PS00763. GLUTATHIONE_PEROXID_2. 1 hit. PS51355. GLUTATHIONE_PEROXID_3. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GPX4_MACFU

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q4AEH0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 11, 2005
Last sequence update:	February 26, 2008
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 29 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)