Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q43210 (PALY_WHEAT)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
    EC=4.3.1.24

Gene names

Name:

PAL

Organism

Triticum aestivum (Wheat)

Taxonomic identifier

4565 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › Liliopsida › Poales › Poaceae › BEP clade › Pooideae › Triticeae › Triticum

Protein attributes

Sequence length	700 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Inferred from homology.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton.
Catalytic activity	L-phenylalanine = trans-cinnamate + ammonia.
Pathway	Phenylpropanoid metabolism; cinnamic acid biosynthesis; trans-cinnamic acid from L-phenylalanine: step 1/1.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm Probable.
Post-translational modification	Contains an active site 4-methylidene-imidazol-5-one (MIO), which is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of residues Ala-Ser-Gly By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the PAL/histidase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Phenylpropanoid metabolism
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Molecular function	Lyase
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	L-phenylalanine catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro phenylpropanoid metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	ammonia ligase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro ammonia-lyase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 700	700	Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase		PRO_0000215428
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	187	1	2,3-didehydroalanine (Ser) By similarity
	Cross-link	186 ↔ 188		5-imidazolinone (Ala-Gly) By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q43210-1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 56EE37B4E74E20B5	FASTA	700	75,938
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MACAWRSRSR ADPLNWGKAA EELSGSHLEA VKRMVEEYRK PVVTMEGATT IAMVAAVAAG 70 80 90 100 110 120 SDTRVELDES ARGRVKESSD WVMNSMMNGT DSYGVTTGFG ATSHRRTKEG GALQRELIRF 130 140 150 160 170 180 LNAGAFGTGT DGHVLPAAAT RAAMLVRVNT LLQGYSGIRF EILETIATLL NANVTPCLPL 190 200 210 220 230 240 RGTITASGDL VPLSYIAGLV TGRPNSMATA PDGSKVNAAE AFKIAGIQHG FFELQPKEGL 250 260 270 280 290 300 AMVNGTAVGS GLASMVLFEA NVLSLLAEVL SGVFCEVMNG KPEFTDHLTH KLKHHPGQIE 310 320 330 340 350 360 AAAIMEHILE GSSYMMLAKK LGELDPLMKP KQDRYALRTS PQWLGPQIEV IRAATKSIER 370 380 390 400 410 420 EINSVNDNPL IDVSRGKAIH GGNFQGTPIG VSMDNTRLAI AAIGKLMFAQ FSELVNDFYN 430 440 450 460 470 480 NGLPSNLSGG RNPSLDYGFK GAEIAMASYC SELQFLGNPV TNHVQSAEQH NQDVNSLGLI 490 500 510 520 530 540 SSRKTAEAID ILKLMSSTFL VALCQAIDLR HLEENVKNAV KSCVKTVARK TLSTDNNGHL 550 560 570 580 590 600 HNARFCEKDL LLTIDREAVF AYADDPCSAN YPLMQKMRAV LVEHALANGE AEAHVETSVF 610 620 630 640 650 660 AKLAMFEQEL RAVLPKEVEA ARSAVENGTA AQQNRIAECR SYPLYRFVRK ELGTEYLTGE 670 680 690 700 KTRSPGEEVD KVFVAMNQGK HIDALLECLK EWNGEPLPLC

References

[1]	"Nucleotide sequence of one of two tandem genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in Triticum aestivum." Liao Y.-C., Li H.-P., Kreuzaler F., Fischer R. Plant Gene Register PGR96-102 Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Chinese Spring.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X99705 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA68036.1.
PIR	T06545.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1GKM based on UniProtKB P21310.
SMR	Q43210. Positions 12-700.
ModBase	Search...
Organism-specific databases
Gramene	Q43210.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	4.3.1.5. 253.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001106. Phe/His_NH3-lyase. IPR005922. Phe_NH3-lyase. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00221. PAL. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01226. phe_am_lyase. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00488. PAL_HISTIDASE. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PALY_WHEAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q43210

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1998
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1996
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 61 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)