Glutamine synthetase, chloroplastic/mitochondrial precursor - Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q43127 (GLNA2_ARATH)

Last modified June 16, 2009. Version 77. History...

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Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

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Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Glutamine synthetase, chloroplastic/mitochondrial
    EC=6.3.1.2
Alternative name(s):
    GS2
    Glutamate--ammonia ligase

Gene names

Name:	GLN2
Synonyms:	GSLI
Ordered Locus Names:	At5g35630
ORF Names:	MJE4.9

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

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Protein attributes

Sequence length	430 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

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General annotation (Comments)

Function	The light-modulated chloroplast/mitochondrial enzyme, encoded by a nuclear gene and expressed primarily in leaves, is responsible for the reassimilation of the ammonia generated by photorespiration. Ref.7
Catalytic activity	ATP + L-glutamate + NH₃ = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine.
Subunit structure	Homooctamer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast. Mitochondrion. Ref.7
Tissue specificity	Expressed in mesophyll and epidermal cells of leaves. Ref.7
Induction	By light, sucrose, glucose and fructose. Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.

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Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chloroplast Mitochondrion Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	ATP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Ligase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	aging Traceable author statement. Source: TAIR ammonia assimilation cycle Traceable author statement. Source: TAIR glutamine biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro response to salt stress Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	apoplast Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR chloroplast envelope Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR chloroplast stroma Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR chloroplast thylakoid membrane Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR cytosolic ribosome Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR mitochondrion Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW glutamate-ammonia ligase activity Ref.1 Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR protein binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: IntAct
Complete GO annotation...

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Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
TRX3	Q42403	1	EBI-449283,EBI-449157

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Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Transit peptide

1 – 45

Chloroplast and mitochondrion Potential

Chain

46 – 430

385

Glutamine synthetase, chloroplastic/mitochondrial

PRO_0000011174

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Sequences

Sequence

Length

Mass (Da)

Tools

Q43127-1 [UniParc].

Last modified November 1, 1996. Version 1.
Checksum: 664029BC06572295
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FASTA

430

47,411

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MAQILAASPT CQMRVPKHSS VIASSSKLWS SVVLKQKKQS NNKVRGFRVL ALQSDNSTVN 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
RVETLLNLDT KPYSDRIIAE YIWIGGSGID LRSKSRTIEK PVEDPSELPK WNYDGSSTGQ 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
APGEDSEVIL YPQAIFRDPF RGGNNILVIC DTWTPAGEPI PTNKRAKAAE IFSNKKVSGE 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
VPWFGIEQEY TLLQQNVKWP LGWPVGAFPG PQGPYYCGVG ADKIWGRDIS DAHYKACLYA 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
GINISGTNGE VMPGQWEFQV GPSVGIDAGD HVWCARYLLE RITEQAGVVL TLDPKPIEGD 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
WNGAGCHTNY STKSMREEGG FEVIKKAILN LSLRHKEHIS AYGEGNERRL TGKHETASID 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
QFSWGVANRG CSIRVGRDTE AKGKGYLEDR RPASNMDPYI VTSLLAETTL LWEPTLEAEA 

       430 
LAAQKLSLNV

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References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The glutamine synthetase gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana: light-regulation and differential expression in leaves, roots and seeds." Peterman T.K., Goodman H.M. Mol. Gen. Genet. 230:145-154(1991) [PubMed: 1684022] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"Nucleotide sequences of genes for cytosolic and chloroplastic glutamine synthetase from Arabidopsis thaliana." Arimura G., Fujii M., Takahashi M., Goshima N., Morikawa H. Submitted (MAY-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. VI. Sequence features of the regions of 1,367,185 bp covered by 19 physically assigned P1 and TAC clones." Kotani H., Nakamura Y., Sato S., Asamizu E., Kaneko T., Miyajima N., Tabata S. DNA Res. 5:203-216(1998) [PubMed: 9734815] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana." Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., Feldmann K.A. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[6]	"Carbon and amino acids reciprocally modulate the expression of glutamine synthetase in Arabidopsis." Oliveira I.C., Coruzzi G.M. Plant Physiol. 121:301-310(1999) [PubMed: 10482686] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION.
[7]	"Arabidopsis thaliana GLN2-encoded glutamine synthetase is dual targeted to leaf mitochondria and chloroplasts." Taira M., Valtersson U., Burkhardt B., Ludwig R.A. Plant Cell 16:2048-2058(2004) [PubMed: 15273293] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.

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Cross-references

Sequence databases
	S69727 mRNA. Translation: AAB20558.1. AB015045 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA88761.1. AB013393 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB09304.1. AF428319 mRNA. Translation: AAL16249.1. AF428461 mRNA. Translation: AAL16230.1. AY081252 mRNA. Translation: AAL91141.1. AY091114 mRNA. Translation: AAM14064.1. AY122977 mRNA. Translation: AAM67510.1. AY088222 mRNA. Translation: AAM65763.1.
IPI	IPI00534852.
PIR	S18600.
RefSeq	NP_001031969.1. NP_001078639.1. NP_198413.1.
UniGene	At.24218
3D structure databases
SMR	Q43127. Positions 65-413.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q43127. 1 interaction.
2-D gel databases
SWISS-2DPAGE	Q43127.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q43127.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	833535.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT5G35630 in contig BA000015_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT5G35630.
NMPDR	fig\|3702.1.peg.25264.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At5g35630.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	Q43127. RIPRQVG.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	6.3.1.2. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q43127.
GermOnline	AT5G35630. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR008147. Gln_synt_beta. IPR014746. Gln_synth/guanido_kin_cat. IPR008146. Gln_synth_cat. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.30.590.10. ATP-gua_Ptrans. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00120. Gln-synt_C. 1 hit. PF03951. Gln-synt_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProDom	PD001057. Gln_synt_C. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
PROSITE	PS00180. GLNA_1. 1 hit. PS00181. GLNA_ATP. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

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Entry information

Entry name

GLNA2_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q43127

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 1, 2000
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1996
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 77 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)

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Relevant documents

Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana: entries and gene names

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Binary interactions

With

Entry

#Exp.

IntAct

Notes

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

2-D gel databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Entry information

Relevant documents