Q42580 (PER21_ARATH) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Peroxidase 21
Short name=Atperox P21
EC=1.11.1.7

Alternative name(s):
ATP2a/ATP2b
PRXR5

Gene names

Name:	PER21
Synonyms:	P21
Ordered Locus Names:	At2g37130
ORF Names:	T2N18.11

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	327 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Removal of H2O2, oxidation of toxic reductants, biosynthesis and degradation of lignin, suberization, auxin catabolism, response to environmental stresses such as wounding, pathogen attack and oxidative stress. These functions might be dependent on each isozyme/isoform in each plant tissue. Might function as heat shock-like defense protein. May be implicated in the systemic acquired resistance response.
Catalytic activity	2 phenolic donor + H2O2 = 2 phenoxyl radical of the donor + 2 H2O.
Cofactor	Binds 1 heme B (iron-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit By similarity. Binds 2 calcium ions per subunit By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Preferentially expressed in roots and leaves, slightly in stems.
Developmental stage	Up-regulated during leaf development. Ref.11
Induction	Late induced after mechanical wounding. Enhanced expression following incompatible bacterial pathogen attack. Expressed under a diurnal rhythm (circadian clock control). Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.12
Miscellaneous	There are 73 peroxidase genes in A.thaliana.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the peroxidase family. Classical plant (class III) peroxidase subfamily.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAL24415.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Biological rhythms Hydrogen peroxide
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Signal
Ligand	Calcium Heme Iron Metal-binding
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase Peroxidase
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	defense response to fungus Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR hydrogen peroxide catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW rhythmic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytosol Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	heme binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro peroxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 1 isoform produced by alternative splicing. [Select]

Note: A number of isoforms are produced. According to EST sequences.

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q42580-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 28	28	Potential
	Chain	29 – 327	299	Peroxidase 21		PRO_0000023687
Sites
	Active site	70	1	Proton acceptor
	Metal binding	71	1	Calcium 1 By similarity
	Metal binding	74	1	Calcium 1; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity
	Metal binding	78	1	Calcium 1 By similarity
	Metal binding	80	1	Calcium 1 By similarity
	Metal binding	197	1	Iron (heme axial ligand) By similarity
	Metal binding	198	1	Calcium 2 By similarity
	Metal binding	247	1	Calcium 2 By similarity
	Metal binding	250	1	Calcium 2 By similarity
	Metal binding	255	1	Calcium 2 By similarity
	Binding site	167	1	Substrate; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity
	Site	66	1	Transition state stabilizer By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	170	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	39 ↔ 118		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	72 ↔ 77		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	124 ↔ 323		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	204 ↔ 231		By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	177	1	I → L in CAA66961. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	279	1	P → S in CAA66961. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	293	1	N → G in CAA66961. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: D64870D7B8641007	FASTA	327	36,741
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MANAKPFCLL GFFCLLLQLF SIFHIGNGEL EMNYYKESCP KAEEIIRQQV ETLYYKHGNT 70 80 90 100 110 120 AVSWLRNLFH DCVVKSCDAS LLLETARGVE SEQKSKRSFG MRNFKYVKII KDALEKECPS 130 140 150 160 170 180 TVSCADIVAL SARDGIVMLK GPKIEMIKTG RRDSRGSYLG DVETLIPNHN DSLSSVISTF 190 200 210 220 230 240 NSIGIDVEAT VALLGAHSVG RVHCVNLVHR LYPTIDPTLD PSYALYLKKR CPSPTPDPNA 250 260 270 280 290 300 VLYSRNDRET PMVVDNMYYK NIMAHKGLLV IDDELATDPR TAPFVAKMAA DNNYFHEQFS 310 320 RGVRLLSETN PLTGDQGEIR KDCRYVN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Eleven cDNA clones from Arabidopsis thaliana encoding isoperoxidases." Capelli N., Tognolli M., Flach J., Overney S., Penel C., Greppin H., Simon P. Plant Gene Register PGR96-066 Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Sequence and RT-PCR expression analysis of two peroxidases from Arabidopsis thaliana belonging to a novel evolutionary branch of plant peroxidases." Kjaersgaard I.V.H., Jespersen H.M., Rasmussen S.K., Welinder K.G. Plant Mol. Biol. 33:699-708(1997) [PubMed: 9132061] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S.D., Shea T.P., Benito M.-I., Town C.D., Fujii C.Y., Mason T.M., Bowman C.L., Barnstead M.E., Feldblyum T.V., Buell C.R., Ketchum K.A., Lee J.J., Ronning C.M., Koo H.L., Moffat K.S., Cronin L.A. , Shen M., Pai G., Van Aken S., Umayam L., Tallon L.J., Gill J.E., Adams M.D., Carrera A.J., Creasy T.H., Goodman H.M., Somerville C.R., Copenhaver G.P., Preuss D., Nierman W.C., White O., Eisen J.A., Salzberg S.L., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C. Nature 402:761-768(1999) [PubMed: 10617197] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana." Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., Feldmann K.A. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[6]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 33-327. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[7]	"Computational analyses and annotations of the Arabidopsis peroxidase gene family." Oestergaard L., Pedersen A.G., Jespersen H.M., Brunak S., Welinder K.G. FEBS Lett. 433:98-102(1998) [PubMed: 9738941] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[8]	"The transcriptome of Arabidopsis thaliana during systemic acquired resistance." Maleck K., Levine A., Eulgem T., Morgan A., Schmid J., Lawton K.A., Dangl J.L., Dietrich R.A. Nat. Genet. 26:403-410(2000) [PubMed: 11101835] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION. Strain: cv. Wassilewskija.
[9]	"Orchestrated transcription of key pathways in Arabidopsis by the circadian clock." Harmer S.L., Hogenesch J.B., Straume M., Chang H.-S., Han B., Zhu T., Wang X., Kreps J.A., Kay S.A. Science 290:2110-2113(2000) [PubMed: 11118138] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[10]	"Microarray analysis of diurnal and circadian-regulated genes in Arabidopsis." Schaffer R., Landgraf J., Accerbi M., Simon V., Larson M., Wisman E. Plant Cell 13:113-123(2001) [PubMed: 11158533] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[11]	"Toward elucidating the global gene expression patterns of developing Arabidopsis: parallel analysis of 8300 genes by a high-density oligonucleotide probe array." Zhu T., Budworth P., Han B., Brown D., Chang H.-S., Zou G., Wang X. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 39:221-242(2001) Cited for: DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[12]	"Transcriptional profiling reveals novel interactions between wounding, pathogen, abiotic stress, and hormonal responses in Arabidopsis." Cheong Y.H., Chang H.-S., Gupta R., Wang X., Zhu T., Luan S. Plant Physiol. 129:661-677(2002) [PubMed: 12068110] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[13]	"Analysis and expression of the class III peroxidase large gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana." Tognolli M., Penel C., Greppin H., Simon P. Gene 288:129-138(2002) [PubMed: 12034502] [Abstract] Cited for: GENE FAMILY ORGANIZATION, NOMENCLATURE. Strain: cv. Columbia.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	X98317 mRNA. Translation: CAA66961.1. X98190 mRNA. Translation: CAA66863.1. AC006260 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD18146.1. CP002685 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEC09354.1. AY087458 mRNA. Translation: AAM65003.1. AY059933 mRNA. Translation: AAL24415.1. Different initiation. AY081588 mRNA. Translation: AAM10150.1.
IPI	IPI00547216.
PIR	H84788.
RefSeq	NP_181250.1. NM_129269.3.
UniGene	At.21472. At.47592.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q42580.
SMR	Q42580. Positions 29-327.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q42580. 1 interaction.
STRING	Q42580.
Protein family/group databases
PeroxiBase	240. AtPrx21.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q42580.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT2G37130.1; AT2G37130.1; AT2G37130.
GeneID	818289.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT2G37130 in contig CT485783_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT2G37130.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.10814.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	1845. 61.
TAIR	At2g37130.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	HBG597790.
InParanoid	Q42580.
OMA	IRKDCRY.
PhylomeDB	Q42580.
ProtClustDB	CLSN2683964.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q42580.
Genevestigator	Q42580.
GermOnline	AT2G37130. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR010255. Haem_peroxidase. IPR002016. Haem_peroxidase_pln/fun/bac. IPR000823. Peroxidase_pln. [Graphical view]
KO	K00430.
Pfam	PF00141. peroxidase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00458. PEROXIDASE. PR00461. PLPEROXIDASE.
SUPFAM	SSF48113. Peroxidase_super. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00435. PEROXIDASE_1. False negative. PS00436. PEROXIDASE_2. False negative. PS50873. PEROXIDASE_4. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PER21_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q42580
Secondary accession number(s): Q43733, Q93YM9

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 25, 2002
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1996
Last modified:	December 14, 2011
This is version 111 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program