Q3T906 (GNPTA_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 80.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunits alpha/beta EC=2.7.8.17 Alternative name(s): GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase subunits alpha/beta Stealth protein GNPTAB UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunits alpha/beta Cleaved into the following 2 chains: | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1256 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Catalyzes the formation of mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) markers on high mannose type oligosaccharides in the Golgi apparatus. M6P residues are required to bind to the M6P receptors (MPR), which mediate the vesicular transport of lysosomal enzymes to the endosomal/prelysosomal compartment. Ref.8 |
| Catalytic activity | UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + lysosomal-enzyme D-mannose = UMP + lysosomal-enzyme N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-phospho-D-mannose. |
| Subunit structure | Hexamer of two alpha, two beta and two gamma subunits; disulfide-linked. It is believed that the alpha and/or the beta subunit of the enzyme contain the catalytic portion and that the gamma subunit functions in recognition of the lysosomal enzymes By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunit alpha: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Ref.1 Ref.2. N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunit beta: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in the heart, whole brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Ref.2 |
| Post-translational modification | The alpha- and beta-subunits appear to be generated by a proteolytic cleavage at the Lys-928-Asp-929 bond. |
| Involvement in disease | Mucolipidosis type II (MLII) [MIM:252500]: Fatal, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe clinical and radiologic features, peculiar fibroblast inclusions, and no excessive mucopolysacchariduria. Congenital dislocation of the hip, thoracic deformities, hernia, and hyperplastic gums are evident soon after birth. Mucolipidosis type III complementation group A (MLIIIA) [MIM:252600]: Autosomal recessive disease of lysosomal enzyme targeting. Clinically MLIII is characterized by restricted joint mobility, skeletal dysplasia, and short stature. Mildly coarsened facial features and thickening of the skin have been described. Cardiac valvular disease and corneal clouding may also occur. Half of the reported patients show learning disabilities or mental retardation. |
| Miscellaneous | Due to the low pH in the endosomal/prelysosomal compartment, the lysosomal enzyme-MPR complex dissociates and then the enzyme is delivered to the lysosome. Between 5% and 20% of newly synthesized lysosomal enzymes escape the binding to the MPR in the Golgi apparatus and are secreted. Stealth proteins are part of a protein family that is conserved from bacteria to higher eukaryotes. Family members were first identified in microbes as proteins that help pathogens to elude the host innate immune system. Microbial stealth proteins are most likely involved in the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides. Stealth proteins are predicted to function as hexose-1-phosphoryltransferases. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the stealth family. Contains 1 EF-hand domain. Contains 2 LNR (Lin/Notch) repeats. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q3T906-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q3T906-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 471-490: NSGGSRYIAGGGGTGSIGVG → KDVLNCNSFIFMEYFLLNHY 491-1256: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 928 | 928 | N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunit alpha | PRO_0000225008 | |||||||
| Chain | 929 – 1256 | 328 | N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunit beta | PRO_0000225009 | |||||||
Regions | |||||||||||
| Transmembrane | 22 – 42 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 1215 – 1235 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||||
| Repeat | 438 – 473 | 36 | LNR 1 | ||||||||
| Repeat | 505 – 545 | 41 | LNR 2 | ||||||||
| Domain | 1005 – 1040 | 36 | EF-hand | ||||||||
| Calcium binding | 1018 – 1029 | 12 | Potential | ||||||||
| Compositional bias | 465 – 498 | 34 | Gly-rich | ||||||||
Sites | |||||||||||
| Metal binding | 449 | 1 | Calcium By similarity | ||||||||
| Metal binding | 464 | 1 | Calcium By similarity | ||||||||
| Metal binding | 467 | 1 | Calcium By similarity | ||||||||
| Metal binding | 516 | 1 | Calcium By similarity | ||||||||
| Metal binding | 531 | 1 | Calcium By similarity | ||||||||
| Metal binding | 534 | 1 | Calcium By similarity | ||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 83 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 114 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 148 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 179 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 250 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 614 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 699 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.9 | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 729 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 829 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 1009 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 1129 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 438 ↔ 461 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 452 ↔ 468 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 505 ↔ 528 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 519 ↔ 535 | By similarity | |||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 471 – 490 | 20 | NSGGS…SIGVG → KDVLNCNSFIFMEYFLLNHY in isoform 2. | VSP_017338 | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 491 – 1256 | 766 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_017339 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 4 | 1 | K → Q in MLIIIA. Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs34159654 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_027509 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 190 | 1 | D → V. Corresponds to variant rs34946266 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_053545 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 348 | 1 | I → L. Corresponds to variant rs7958709 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_027510 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 374 | 1 | F → L in MLIIIA; also in MLII. Ref.15 | VAR_062807 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 399 | 1 | S → F in MLIIIA. Ref.13 | VAR_062808 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 403 | 1 | I → T in MLIIIA. Ref.14 | VAR_062809 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 407 | 1 | D → A in MLIIIA. Ref.10 | VAR_025416 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 442 | 1 | C → Y in MLIIIA. Ref.14 | VAR_062810 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 461 | 1 | C → G in MLIIIA. Ref.14 | VAR_062811 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 662 | 1 | A → G. Ref.10 | VAR_025417 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 926 | 1 | Q → P in MLIIIA. Ref.14 | VAR_062812 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 956 | 1 | H → Y in MLIIIA. Ref.15 | VAR_062813 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1001 | 1 | L → P in MLII. Ref.14 | VAR_062814 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1153 | 1 | N → S in MLIIIA. Ref.15 | VAR_062815 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1236 | 1 | K → M in MLII; not only impairs lysosomal enzyme targeting but also the availability of intact GNPTG required for phosphotransferase activity and assembly of subunits. Ref.12 | VAR_027511 | |||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 392 | 1 | I → V in AAV98624. Ref.2 | ||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 901 | 1 | Q → L in AAV98624. Ref.2 | ||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Mucolipidosis II is caused by mutations in GNPTA encoding the alpha/beta GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase." Tiede S., Storch S., Luebke T., Henrissat B., Bargal R., Raas-Rothschild A., Braulke T. Nat. Med. 11:1109-1112(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INVOLVEMENT IN MLII. |
| [2] | "The alpha- and beta-subunits of the human UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase are encoded by a single cDNA." Kudo M., Bao M., D'Souza A., Ying F., Pan H., Roe B.A., Canfield W.M. J. Biol. Chem. 280:36141-36149(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [3] | Erratum Kudo M., Bao M., D'Souza A., Ying F., Pan H., Roe B.A., Canfield W.M. J. Biol. Chem. 280:42476-42476(2005) |
| [4] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). Tissue: Liver. |
| [5] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 1-847 (ISOFORM 1). |
| [6] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro." Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Kikuno R., Hirosawa M., Nomura N., Ohara O. DNA Res. 6:337-345(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 307-1256 (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain. |
| [7] | "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones." Nakajima D., Okazaki N., Yamakawa H., Kikuno R., Ohara O., Nagase T. DNA Res. 9:99-106(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION. |
| [8] | "Stealth proteins: in silico identification of a novel protein family rendering bacterial pathogens invisible to host immune defense." Sperisen P., Schmid C.D., Bucher P., Zilian O. PLoS Comput. Biol. 1:492-499(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION AS A STEALTH PROTEIN, PUTATIVE FUNCTION. |
| [9] | "Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry." Chen R., Jiang X., Sun D., Han G., Wang F., Ye M., Wang L., Zou H. J. Proteome Res. 8:651-661(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-699, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Liver. |
| [10] | "Missense mutations in N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase alpha/beta subunit gene in a patient with mucolipidosis III and a mild clinical phenotype." Tiede S., Muschol N., Reutter G., Cantz M., Ullrich K., Braulke T. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 137:235-240(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MLIIIA ALA-407, VARIANT GLY-662. |
| [11] | "Mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease) and mucolipidosis IIIA (classical pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy) are caused by mutations in the GlcNAc-phosphotransferase alpha/beta-subunits precursor gene." Kudo M., Brem M.S., Canfield W.M. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78:451-463(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MLIIIA GLN-4. |
| [12] | "Missense mutation in the N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase gene (GNPTA) in a patient with mucolipidosis II induces changes in the size and cellular distribution of GNPTG." Tiede S., Cantz M., Spranger J., Braulke T. Hum. Mutat. 27:830-831(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MLII MET-1236, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT MLII MET-1236. |
| [13] | "When Mucolipidosis III meets Mucolipidosis II: GNPTA gene mutations in 24 patients." Bargal R., Zeigler M., Abu-Libdeh B., Zuri V., Mandel H., Ben Neriah Z., Stewart F., Elcioglu N., Hindi T., Le Merrer M., Bach G., Raas-Rothschild A. Mol. Genet. Metab. 88:359-363(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MLIIIA PHE-399. |
| [14] | "Molecular characterization of 22 novel UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase alpha- and beta-subunit (GNPTAB) gene mutations causing mucolipidosis types IIalpha/beta and IIIalpha/beta in 46 patients." Tappino B., Chuzhanova N.A., Regis S., Dardis A., Corsolini F., Stroppiano M., Tonoli E., Beccari T., Rosano C., Mucha J., Blanco M., Szlago M., Di Rocco M., Cooper D.N., Filocamo M. Hum. Mutat. 30:E956-E973(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MLIIIA THR-403; TYR-442; GLY-461 AND PRO-926, VARIANT MLII PRO-1001. |
| [15] | "Mucolipidosis II and III alpha/beta: mutation analysis of 40 Japanese patients showed genotype-phenotype correlation." Otomo T., Muramatsu T., Yorifuji T., Okuyama T., Nakabayashi H., Fukao T., Ohura T., Yoshino M., Tanaka A., Okamoto N., Inui K., Ozono K., Sakai N. J. Hum. Genet. 54:145-151(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MLIIIA LEU-374; TYR-956 AND SER-1153. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AM085438 mRNA. Translation: CAJ30014.1. AY687932 mRNA. Translation: AAV98624.1. BC071687 mRNA. Translation: AAH71687.1. BC042615 mRNA. Translation: AAH42615.1. BC131787 mRNA. Translation: AAI31788.1. AK056137 mRNA. Translation: BAB71102.1. AB033034 mRNA. Translation: BAA86522.2. |
| IPI | IPI00382432. IPI00735667. |
| RefSeq | NP_077288.2. NM_024312.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.46850. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q3T906. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q3T906. 2 interactions. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000299314. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q3T906. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 90185244. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q3T906. |
| PRIDE | Q3T906. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000299314; ENSP00000299314; ENSG00000111670. ENST00000549940; ENSP00000449150; ENSG00000111670. |
| GeneID | 79158. |
| KEGG | hsa:79158. |
| UCSC | uc001tit.3. human. uc001tiu.2. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 79158. |
| GeneCards | GC12M102139. |
| HGNC | HGNC:29670. GNPTAB. |
| HPA | HPA042343. |
| MIM | 252500. phenotype. 252600. phenotype. 607840. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q3T906. |
| Orphanet | 576. Mucolipidosis type 2. 577. Mucolipidosis type 3. |
| PharmGKB | PA128394710. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG05352. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG057712. |
| InParanoid | Q3T906. |
| KO | K08239. |
| OMA | SQFELPR. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4TXBR2. |
| PhylomeDB | Q3T906. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| BRENDA | 2.7.8.17. 2681. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q3T906. |
| Bgee | Q3T906. |
| CleanEx | HS_GNPTAB. |
| Genevestigator | Q3T906. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000111670. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR010506. DMAP1-bd. IPR021520. DUF3184. IPR018247. EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS. IPR002048. EF_hand_dom. IPR000800. Notch_dom. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF06464. DMAP_binding. 1 hit. PF11380. DUF3184. 1 hit. PF00066. Notch. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00004. NL. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF90193. Notch_region. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00018. EF_HAND_1. 1 hit. PS50222. EF_HAND_2. 1 hit. PS50258. LNR. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | GNPTAB. human. |
| GenomeRNAi | 79158. |
| NextBio | 68091. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | GNPTA_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q3T906 Secondary accession number(s): A2RRQ9 Q9ULL2 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 12 Human chromosome 12: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
