Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q39103 (G3OX1_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 1
    EC=1.14.11.15
Alternative name(s):
    Gibberellin 3 beta-hydroxylase 1
    GA 3-oxidase 1
      Short name=AtGA3ox1

Gene names

Name:	GA4
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g15550
ORF Names:	T16N11.6

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	358 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Converts the inactive gibbberellin precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1.
Catalytic activity	Gibberellin 20 + 2-oxoglutarate + O(2) = gibberellin 1 + succinate + CO(2).
Cofactor	Ascorbate By similarity. Iron By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in roots, leaves, flowers, and siliques. Found in the cortex and the endodermis of the embryo axis in germinating seeds.
Developmental stage	Expressed in germinating seeds and in very young seedlings.
Induction	Inhibited by GA3, indicating the existence of a probable feedback loop. Inhibited by dihydro gibberellins. Regulated by phytochrome. Induced sharply after red light pulse with a peak at 4 hours, and then decreases rapidly as germination occurs. Increases again when etiolated seedling growth begins.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: KM=1.25 µM for GA9 KM=10 µM for GA20 Vmax=800 nmol/min/mg enzyme for GA9 Vmax=62 nmol/min/mg enzyme for GA20 pH dependence: Optimum pH is 7.5.

Ontologies

Keywords
Ligand	Iron Metal-binding
Molecular function	Dioxygenase Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC iron ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 358	358	Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 1		PRO_0000067313
Sites
	Active site	299	1	Potential
	Metal binding	232	1	Iron By similarity
	Metal binding	234	1	Iron By similarity
	Metal binding	289	1	Iron By similarity
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	220	1	C → Y in ga4-1; semidwarf and deficient in active gibberellins

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q39103-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 1, 1997. Version 2. Checksum: 26CED48F31554DEC	FASTA	358	40,162
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPAMLTDVFR GHPIHLPHSH IPDFTSLREL PDSYKWTPKD DLLFSAAPSP PATGENIPLI 70 80 90 100 110 120 DLDHPDATNQ IGHACRTWGA FQISNHGVPL GLLQDIEFLT GSLFGLPVQR KLKSARSETG 130 140 150 160 170 180 VSGYGVARIA SFFNKQMWSE GFTITGSPLN DFRKLWPQHH LNYCDIVEEY EEHMKKLASK 190 200 210 220 230 240 LMWLALNSLG VSEEDIEWAS LSSDLNWAQA ALQLNHYPVC PEPDRAMGLA AHTDSTLLTI 250 260 270 280 290 300 LYQNNTAGLQ VFRDDLGWVT VPPFPGSLVV NVGDLFHILS NGLFKSVLHR ARVNQTRARL 310 320 330 340 350 SVAFLWGPQS DIKISPVPKL VSPVESPLYQ SVTWKEYLRT KATHFNKALS MIRNHREE

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Isolation of the Arabidopsis GA4 locus." Chiang H.-H., Hwang I., Goodman H.M. Plant Cell 7:195-201(1995) [PubMed: 7756830] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-220, INDUCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: cv. Landsberg erecta.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed: 11130712] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Function and substrate specificity of the gibberellin 3beta-hydroxylase encoded by the Arabidopsis GA4 gene." Williams J., Phillips A.L., Gaskin P., Hedden P. Plant Physiol. 117:559-563(1998) [PubMed: 9625708] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[5]	"Phytochrome regulation and differential expression of gibberellin 3beta-hydroxylase genes in germinating Arabidopsis seeds." Yamaguchi S., Smith M.W., Brown R.G.S., Kamiya Y., Sun T.-P. Plant Cell 10:2115-2126(1998) [PubMed: 9836749] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[6]	"Distinct cell-specific expression patterns of early and late gibberellin biosynthetic genes during Arabidopsis seed germination." Yamaguchi S., Kamiya Y., Sun T.-P. Plant J. 28:443-453(2001) [PubMed: 11737781] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"16,17-dihydro gibberellin A5 competitively inhibits a recombinant Arabidopsis GA 3beta-hydroxylase encoded by the GA4 gene." Zhou R., Yu M., Pharis R.P. Plant Physiol. 135:1000-1007(2004) [PubMed: 15181202] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	L37126 mRNA. Translation: AAC37506.1. AC013453 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF71980.1. BT005827 mRNA. Translation: AAO64762.1.
PIR	D86289.
RefSeq	NP_173008.1.
UniGene	At.10782
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	838125.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT1G15550 in contig CT485782_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT1G15550.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.1863.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	5167. 494.
TAIR	At1g15550.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	MetaCyc:AT1G15550-MON.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q39103.
GermOnline	AT1G15550. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR005123. 2OG-FeII_Oase. IPR002283. Isopenicillin-N_synthase. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF03171. 2OG-FeII_Oxy. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00682. IPNSYNTHASE.
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

G3OX1_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q39103

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 6, 2005
Last sequence update:	July 1, 1997
Last modified:	November 25, 2008
This is version 53 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)