Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q38882 (PLDA1_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Phospholipase D alpha 1
      Short name=PLD alpha 1
      Short name=AtPLDalpha1
    EC=3.1.4.4
Alternative name(s):
    Choline phosphatase 1
    Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D 1
    PLDalpha

Gene names

Name:	PLDALPHA1
Synonyms:	PLD1
Ordered Locus Names:	At3g15730
ORF Names:	MSJ11.13

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	810 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Hydrolyzes glycerol-phospholipids at the terminal phosphodiesteric bond. Plays an important role in various cellular processes, including phytohormone action and response to stress, characterized by acidification of the cell.
Catalytic activity	A phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate.
Cofactor	Calcium. Calcium requirement for activity depends on pH. Active either under acidic conditions with micromolar levels of calcium (PIP2-dependent) or at neutral pH with millimolar levels of calcium (PIP2-independent).
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm. Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Vacuole. Cytoplasmic vesicle › clathrin-coated vesicle. Note: Found in vacuoles and also associated with plasma, microsomal and mitochondrial membranes and in clathrin-coated vesicles. Not found in chloroplast or nuclei. Activation increases association of preexisting enzyme with membranes. The distribution of this conventional PLD between membrane-associated and soluble fractions varied from organ to organ and is calcium-regulated. Ref.4
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in roots, stems and flowers, moderately in leaves, seedlings and siliques. Not detected in dry seeds.
Induction	Activated by abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, heavy metal, cold, salt and osmotic stresses.
Domain	C2 domain is a calcium-binding fold, and the binding promotes the protein association with membranes. A lower affinity toward calcium can be anticipated for PLD alpha due to the absence of two potential calcium ligands.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the phospholipase D family. C2-PLD subfamily. Contains 1 C2 domain. Contains 2 PLD phosphodiesterase domains.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAC49274.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 81, 95, 369, 381, 458 and 491.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Abscisic acid signaling pathway Ethylene signaling pathway Lipid degradation
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle Membrane Vacuole
Domain	Repeat
Ligand	Calcium
Molecular function	Hydrolase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	abscisic acid mediated signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW ethylene mediated signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW fatty acid metabolic process Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR lipid catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW phosphatidylcholine metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro positive regulation of abscisic acid mediated signaling pathway Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR regulation of stomatal movement Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR response to cadmium ion Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR seed germination Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR clathrin-coated vesicle Ref.4 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR extrinsic to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell mitochondrion Ref.4 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR nucleus Ref.4 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR plasma membrane Ref.4 Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR vacuole Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	NAPE-specific phospholipase D activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC calcium ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW phospholipase D activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR protein binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: IntAct
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
GPA1	P18064	3	EBI-962294,EBI-443890

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 810	810	Phospholipase D alpha 1		PRO_0000218808
Regions
	Domain	1 – 110	110	C2
	Domain	327 – 366	40	PLD phosphodiesterase 1
	Domain	656 – 683	28	PLD phosphodiesterase 2
Sites
	Active site	332	1	Potential
	Active site	334	1	Potential
	Active site	339	1	Potential
	Active site	661	1	Potential
	Active site	663	1	Potential
	Active site	668	1	Potential
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	3 – 4	2	QH → HD in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	26	1	R → M in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	49	1	Q → R in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	99	1	N → I in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	121	1	Missing in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	218	1	A → T in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	301 – 302	2	GS → ER in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	435	1	D → E in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	560 – 561	2	EK → DQ in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	607 – 612	6	RAQGLE → KGLEGP in AAC49274. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	735 – 739	5	SSLEC → KLSES in AAC49274. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q38882-1 [UniParc]. Last modified February 21, 2001. Version 2. Checksum: 87A8692E43BD73CE	FASTA	810	91,848
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAQHLLHGTL HATIYEVDAL HGGGVRQGFL GKILANVEET IGVGKGETQL YATIDLQKAR 70 80 90 100 110 120 VGRTRKIKNE PKNPKWYESF HIYCAHLASD IIFTVKDDNP IGATLIGRAY IPVDQVINGE 130 140 150 160 170 180 EVDQWVEILD NDRNPIQGGS KIHVKLQYFH VEEDRNWNMG IKSAKFPGVP YTFFSQRQGC 190 200 210 220 230 240 KVSLYQDAHI PDNFVPRIPL AGGKNYEPQR CWEDIFDAIS NAKHLIYITG WSVYAEIALV 250 260 270 280 290 300 RDSRRPKPGG DVTIGELLKK KASEGVRVLL LVWDDRTSVD VLKKDGLMAT HDEETENFFR 310 320 330 340 350 360 GSDVHCILCP RNPDDGGSIV QSLQISTMFT HHQKIVVVDS EMPSRGGSEM RRIVSFVGGI 370 380 390 400 410 420 DLCDGRYDTP FHSLFRTLDT VHHDDFHQPN FTGAAITKGG PREPWHDIHS RLEGPIAWDV 430 440 450 460 470 480 MYNFEQRWSK QGGKDILVKL RDLSDIIITP SPVMFQEDHD VWNVQLFRSI DGGAAAGFPE 490 500 510 520 530 540 SPEAAAEAGL VSGKDNIIDR SIQDAYIHAI RRAKDFIYVE NQYFLGSSFA WAADGITPED 550 560 570 580 590 600 INALHLIPKE LSLKIVSKIE KGEKFRVYVV VPMWPEGLPE SGSVQAILDW QRRTMEMMYK 610 620 630 640 650 660 DVIQALRAQG LEEDPRNYLT FFCLGNREVK KDGEYEPAEK PDPDTDYMRA QEARRFMIYV 670 680 690 700 710 720 HTKMMIVDDE YIIIGSANIN QRSMDGARDS EIAMGGYQPH HLSHRQPARG QIHGFRMSLW 730 740 750 760 770 780 YEHLGMLDET FLDPSSLECI EKVNRISDKY WDFYSSESLE HDLPGHLLRY PIGVASEGDI 790 800 810 TELPGFEFFP DTKARILGTK SDYLPPILTT

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding phospholipase D from Arabidopsis." Dyer J.H., Zheng L., Wang X. Plant Gene Register PGR95-096 Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC clones." Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S. DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000) [PubMed: 10819329] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 273-810. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Subcellular distribution and tissue expression of phospholipase Dalpha, Dbeta, and Dgamma in Arabidopsis." Fan L., Zheng S., Cui D., Wang X. Plant Physiol. 119:1371-1378(1999) [PubMed: 10198096] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	U36381 mRNA. Translation: AAC49274.1. Frameshift. AB017071 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB02304.1. AF428278 mRNA. Translation: AAL16110.1. Different initiation.
IPI	IPI00527854.
RefSeq	NP_188194.1.
UniGene	At.23882
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q38882. 3 interactions.
STRING	Q38882.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q38882.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	820816.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT3G15730 in contig BA000014_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT3G15730.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.13739.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At3g15730.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	PKIPLAD.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	3.1.4.4. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q38882.
Genevestigator	Q38882.
GermOnline	AT3G15730. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000008. C2_Ca-dep. IPR015679. Phospholipase_D. IPR011402. PLD_pln. IPR001736. PLipase_D/transphosphatidylase. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR18896. Phospholipase_D. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00168. C2. 1 hit. PF00614. PLDc. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF036470. PLD_plant. 1 hit.
SMART	SM00239. C2. 1 hit. SM00155. PLDc. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50004. C2. False negative. PS50035. PLD. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PLDA1_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q38882
Secondary accession number(s): Q944M4, Q9LW06

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1997
Last sequence update:	February 21, 2001
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 86 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)