Q2M2I8 (AAK1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 79.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: AP2-associated protein kinase 1 EC=2.7.11.1 Alternative name(s): Adaptor-associated kinase 1 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 961 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 display similar levels of kinase activity towards AP2M1. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to and stabilizes the activated form of NOTCH1, increases its localization in endosomes and regulates its transcriptional activity. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.12 Ref.17 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Enzyme regulation | Stimulated by clathrin By similarity. |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with alpha-adaptin, AP-2, clathrin, NUMB and EPS15 isoform 2. Interacts with membrane-bound activated NOTCH1 but not with the inactive full-length form of NOTCH1. Preferentially interacts with monoubiquitinated activated NOTCH1 compared to the non-ubiquitinated form. Ref.1 Ref.12 Ref.17 |
| Subcellular location | Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein By similarity. Membrane › clathrin-coated pit By similarity. Note: Active when found in clathrin-coated pits at the plasma membrane. In neuronal cells, enriched at presynaptic terminals. In non-neuronal cells, enriched at leading edge of migrating cells By similarity. |
| Tissue specificity | Detected in brain, heart and liver. Isoform 1 is the predominant isoform in brain. Ref.1 |
| Post-translational modification | Autophosphorylated By similarity. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAA83000.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP13A2 | Q9NQ11 | 2 | EBI-1383433,EBI-6308763 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q2M2I8-1) Also known as: AAK1L; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q2M2I8-2) Also known as: AAK1S; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 823-961: EKADVAVESL...LLLVDQLIDL → GKVIISVSSV...SPATPEAKAI |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 961 | 961 | AP2-associated protein kinase 1 | PRO_0000250578 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 46 – 315 | 270 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 52 – 60 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 12 – 42 | 31 | Gly-rich | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 397 – 614 | 218 | Gln-rich | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 658 – 663 | 6 | Poly-Ala | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 176 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 74 | 1 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 14 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 21 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 234 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.11 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 235 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.11 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 354 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 389 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.13 Ref.14 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 441 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.10 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 606 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.7 Ref.11 Ref.14 Ref.18 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 620 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.11 Ref.15 Ref.18 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 623 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.11 Ref.15 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 624 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.11 Ref.15 Ref.18 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 637 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.18 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 640 | 1 | Phosphothreonine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 650 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 652 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 653 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.14 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 687 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 731 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.10 Ref.13 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 937 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 938 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 823 – 961 | 139 | EKADV…QLIDL → GKVIISVSSVMHDMCACFKN DKYLVNQSLGNSPATPEAKA I in isoform 2. | VSP_039459 | |||||
| Natural variant | 59 | 1 | I → V. Ref.19 Corresponds to variant rs34535244 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_040348 | |||||
| Natural variant | 509 | 1 | K → Q. Ref.2 Ref.4 Corresponds to variant rs6715776 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_031129 | |||||
| Natural variant | 533 | 1 | Q → H. Ref.19 | VAR_040349 | |||||
| Natural variant | 603 | 1 | V → A. Ref.19 Corresponds to variant rs56038532 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_040350 | |||||
| Natural variant | 694 | 1 | T → M. Ref.19 Corresponds to variant rs55889248 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_040351 | |||||
| Natural variant | 725 | 1 | P → T. Ref.19 Corresponds to variant rs35285785 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_040352 | |||||
| Natural variant | 771 | 1 | P → R. Ref.19 Corresponds to variant rs34422616 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_040353 | |||||
| Natural variant | 835 | 1 | G → D. Ref.19 | VAR_040354 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 74 | 1 | K → A: Inhibits autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of AP2M1. Does not affect NUMB localization. Does not interact with monoubiquitinated NOTCH1. Ref.5 Ref.12 Ref.17 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 176 | 1 | D → A: Inhibits autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of AP2M1. Does not affect NUMB localization. Ref.5 Ref.12 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 777 – 779 | 3 | DPF → AAA: Does not affect interaction with NOTCH1 but abolishes interaction with ESP15. Ref.17 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "A novel AAK1 splice variant functions at multiple steps of the endocytic pathway." Henderson D.M., Conner S.D. Mol. Biol. Cell 18:2698-2706(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CLATHRIN, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Brain. |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro." Kikuno R., Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Hirosawa M., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O. DNA Res. 6:197-205(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANT GLN-509. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANT GLN-509. Tissue: Cerebellum. |
| [5] | "Differential requirements for AP-2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis." Conner S.D., Schmid S.L. J. Cell Biol. 162:773-779(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-74 AND ASP-176. |
| [6] | "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks." Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M. Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [7] | "A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization." Beausoleil S.A., Villen J., Gerber S.A., Rush J., Gygi S.P. Nat. Biotechnol. 24:1285-1292(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-389 AND THR-606, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [8] | "Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis." Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-389, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [9] | "Phosphorylation analysis of primary human T lymphocytes using sequential IMAC and titanium oxide enrichment." Carrascal M., Ovelleiro D., Casas V., Gay M., Abian J. J. Proteome Res. 7:5167-5176(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-637, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: T-cell. |
| [10] | "Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle." Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M. Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-389; THR-441; SER-637 AND SER-731, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [11] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-234; SER-235; THR-389; THR-606; THR-620; SER-623; SER-624 AND SER-637, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [12] | "AAK1 regulates Numb function at an early step in clathrin-mediated endocytosis." Sorensen E.B., Conner S.D. Traffic 9:1791-1800(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NUMB, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-74 AND ASP-176. |
| [13] | "Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome." Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G., Mann M., Daub H. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-14; THR-354; THR-389; SER-637; SER-650; TYR-687 AND SER-731, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [14] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-389; THR-606; SER-637 AND THR-653, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Leukemic T-cell. |
| [15] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis." Olsen J.V., Vermeulen M., Santamaria A., Kumar C., Miller M.L., Jensen L.J., Gnad F., Cox J., Jensen T.S., Nigg E.A., Brunak S., Mann M. Sci. Signal. 3:RA3-RA3(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-620; SER-623; SER-624 AND SER-637, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [16] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [17] | "The adaptor-associated kinase 1, AAK1, is a positive regulator of the Notch pathway." Gupta-Rossi N., Ortica S., Meas-Yedid V., Heuss S., Moretti J., Olivo-Marin J.C., Israel A. J. Biol. Chem. 286:18720-18730(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH EPS15 AND NOTCH1, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-74 AND 777-ASP--PHE-779. |
| [18] | "System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation." Rigbolt K.T., Prokhorova T.A., Akimov V., Henningsen J., Johansen P.T., Kratchmarova I., Kassem M., Mann M., Olsen J.V., Blagoev B. Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-606; THR-620; SER-624 AND SER-637, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [19] | "Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes." Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. Stratton M.R.Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] VAL-59; HIS-533; ALA-603; MET-694; THR-725; ARG-771 AND ASP-835. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AB028971 mRNA. Translation: BAA83000.2. Different initiation. AC092431 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAX88861.1. AC079121 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY14931.1. AC136007 Genomic DNA. No translation available. BC104842 mRNA. Translation: AAI04843.1. BC111965 mRNA. Translation: AAI11966.1. |
| IPI | IPI00479760. IPI00916402. |
| RefSeq | NP_055726.3. NM_014911.3. |
| UniGene | Hs.468878. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q2M2I8. |
| SMR | Q2M2I8. Positions 32-356. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q2M2I8. 3 interactions. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000386456. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q2M2I8. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 300669613. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q2M2I8. |
| PRIDE | Q2M2I8. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000406297; ENSP00000385181; ENSG00000115977. ENST00000409085; ENSP00000386456; ENSG00000115977. |
| GeneID | 22848. |
| KEGG | hsa:22848. |
| UCSC | uc002sfp.2. human. uc010fdk.2. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 22848. |
| GeneCards | GC02M069685. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0161871. |
| HGNC | HGNC:19679. AAK1. |
| HPA | HPA017931. HPA020289. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q2M2I8. |
| PharmGKB | PA134990616. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG0515. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000232173. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG080803. |
| KO | K08853. |
| OMA | TDPFGST. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| SignaLink | Q2M2I8. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q2M2I8. |
| Bgee | Q2M2I8. |
| CleanEx | HS_AAK1. |
| Genevestigator | Q2M2I8. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000115977. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF56112. Kinase_like. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. False negative. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | Q2M2I8. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL3830. |
| ChiTaRS | AAK1. human. |
| GenomeRNAi | 22848. |
| NextBio | 43313. |
Entry information
| Entry name | AAK1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q2M2I8 Secondary accession number(s): Q4ZFZ3, Q53RX6, Q9UPV4 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
