Q27934 (PHYL_DROME) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Protein phyllopod

Gene names

Name:	phyl
ORF Names:	CG10108

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	400 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Essential adapter component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes; involved in R7 photoreceptor cell differentiation, embryonic nervous system, external sensory organ development and specification of particular muscles. E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes mediate ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for specification of R7 photoreceptor cell fate in the eye by participating in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of Tramtrack (ttk), a general inhibitor of photoreceptor differentiation. Acts downstream of Notch signaling to specify the fate of the SOP (sensory organ precursor) cells and their progeny, probably via the sina-mediated proteasomal degradation of ttk. Its restricted pattern of expression, upon Notch and Ras signaling pathways, suggests that it acts as a key determinant in E3 complexes to trigger protein proteolysis in appropriate cells. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12
Subunit structure	Component of some E3 complex at least composed of sina, ebi and phyl, required for the degradation of ttk.
Subcellular location	Nucleus Ref.1 Ref.2.
Tissue specificity	In embryos, it is ubiquitously present before cellularization. During stages 9-11, it is expressed in neuroblasts and the SOP cells. From stage 12 onward, it decreases, but remains in a subset of PNS cells at stages 12-14. Weakly expressed in wing imaginal disks, in the SOP cells of wing margin bristles, notal macrochaetes, and other sensory organs. In leg disks, it is expressed in the precursors of the femoral chordotonal organs, as well as in external sensory SOP cells. Strongly expressed in the eye-antenna disk, it is specifically expressed in R1, R6 and R7 cells, and not in R3, R3, R4, R5 and R8 cells. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.10
Developmental stage	Expressed both maternally and zygotically. Ref.10
Induction	Activated by the Ras1/MAPK pathway in R1, R6 and R7 cells in the eye. Down-regulated by the Notch pathway. Ref.10

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Cell cycle Notch signaling pathway Sensory transduction Ubl conjugation pathway Vision
Cellular component	Nucleus
Domain	Coiled coil
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	Notch signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW R1/R6 cell fate commitment Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.1. Source: FlyBase R7 cell development Traceable author statement. Source: FlyBase R7 cell fate commitment Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.1. Source: FlyBase Ras protein signal transduction Inferred from genetic interaction Ref.2. Source: FlyBase cell cycle Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW peripheral nervous system development Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.2. Source: FlyBase proteasomal protein catabolic process Inferred from direct assay. Source: FlyBase regulation of Notch signaling pathway Inferred from direct assay. Source: FlyBase regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway Inferred from direct assay. Source: FlyBase sensory organ precursor cell fate determination Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.10. Source: FlyBase visual perception Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	nucleus Inferred from direct assay Ref.1. Source: FlyBase ubiquitin ligase complex Inferred from direct assay Ref.11. Source: FlyBase
Molecular function	binding, bridging Inferred from direct assay. Source: FlyBase protein self-association Inferred from physical interaction Ref.11. Source: FlyBase zinc ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
ebi	Q95RJ9	4	EBI-77033,EBI-421390
sina	P21461	11	EBI-77033,EBI-77019
ttk	P42282	10	EBI-77033,EBI-77008

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 400	400	Protein phyllopod		PRO_0000058418
Regions
	Region	109 – 127	19	Interaction with sina
	Region	241 – 320	80	Interaction with ttk
	Coiled coil	319 – 362	44	Potential
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	109 – 110	2	QE → AA: Induces a twofold reduction in interaction with sina and impairs ttk degradation. Ref.11
	Mutagenesis	111 – 112	2	RT → AA: No effect in interaction with sina or ttk degradation. Ref.11
	Mutagenesis	113 – 114	2	KL → AA: No effect in interaction with sina or ttk degradation. Ref.11
	Mutagenesis	115 – 116	2	RP → AA: No effect in interaction with sina or ttk degradation. Ref.11
	Mutagenesis	119 – 120	2	MV → AA: Induces a fourfold reduction in interaction with sina and impairs ttk degradation. Ref.11
	Mutagenesis	121 – 122	2	RP → AA: Induces a twofold reduction in interaction with sina and impairs ttk degradation. Ref.11
	Sequence conflict	127 – 130	4	Missing in AAA66168. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	127 – 130	4	Missing in AAA65733. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	236	1	Q → K in AAA65733. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	293	1	A → T in AAA65733. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	342	1	L → LEEEEE in AAA66168. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	342	1	L → LEEEEE in AAA65733. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q27934 [UniParc]. Last modified April 26, 2004. Version 2. Checksum: B992F420905407A6	FASTA	400	44,842
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSTNQQQQAN PSAAVAAPAA SSEYLKRTCL ICGCHTNQTI NIYEPRSGPN IVQLIQAKFK 70 80 90 100 110 120 FQPLNEDKFL CFSCNNWLIN WHSLQAVNSN EAESQSQSPS HMGNSVLQQE RTKLRPVAMV 130 140 150 160 170 180 RPTVRVQPQS QPQLQPQVPI NPTPAPIVYS KRRASRRSAS VSRMSRVLRQ CCVESLRRSP 190 200 210 220 230 240 KKRNQQSVFV CLRPQGQKRS NAICKVECVA PRRKPVERLV KDVAATATPT PVLNTQSTPT 250 260 270 280 290 300 YQRFPQPSVD GKVVAMFRRL GTTLSREEPA AYSAESNPAC SKLPQIMSPL KEAPRWTRDL 310 320 330 340 350 360 DDDEILLEFD TAISEVLPTA RYQVTHEENK ENQQAQEMEL ELEEEEEVDG RAELEVVQEA 370 380 390 400 EAPLEPQSHH KQGNSHQNSH QASIQLAGLR LPMGLSISLV

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Control of Drosophila photoreceptor cell fates by phyllopod, a novel nuclear protein acting downstream of the Raf kinase." Dickson B.J., Dominguez M., Der Straten A., Hafen E. Cell 80:453-462(1995) [PubMed: 7859287] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[2]	"Phyllopod functions in the fate determination of a subset of photoreceptors in Drosophila." Chang H.C., Solomon N.M., Wassarman D.A., Karim F.D., Therrien M., Rubin G.M., Wolff T. Cell 80:463-472(1995) [PubMed: 7888014] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: Canton-S. Tissue: Eye imaginal disk.
[3]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[4]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: Berkeley.
[5]	"A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource." Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A., Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002) [PubMed: 12537569] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Head.
[6]	Carlson J.W., Booth B., Frise E., Park S., Wan K.H., Yu C., Celniker S.E. Submitted (MAR-2009) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[7]	"PHYL acts to down-regulate TTK88, a transcriptional repressor of neuronal cell fates, by a SINA-dependent mechanism." Tang A.H., Neufeld T.P., Kwan E., Rubin G.M. Cell 90:459-467(1997) [PubMed: 9267026] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN TTK DEGRADATION, INTERACTION WITH SINA.
[8]	"Photoreceptor cell differentiation requires regulated proteolysis of the transcriptional repressor Tramtrack." Li S., Li Y., Carthew R.W., Lai Z.-C. Cell 90:469-478(1997) [PubMed: 9267027] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN TTK DEGRADATION, INTERACTION WITH SINA.
[9]	"A role for Ebi in neuronal cell cycle control." Boulton S.J., Brook A., Staehling-Hampton K., Heitzler P., Dyson N. EMBO J. 19:5376-5386(2000) [PubMed: 11032805] [Abstract] Cited for: COMPONENT OF A COMPLEX WITH EBI AND SINA.
[10]	"A dual function of phyllopod in Drosophila external sensory organ development: cell fate specification of sensory organ precursor and its progeny." Pi H., Wu H.-J., Chien C.-T. Development 128:2699-2710(2001) [PubMed: 11526076] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, INDUCTION.
[11]	"Phyllopod acts as an adaptor protein to link the sina ubiquitin ligase to the substrate protein tramtrack." Li S., Xu C., Carthew R.W. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:6854-6865(2002) [PubMed: 12215542] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN THE COMPLEX, MUTAGENESIS OF 109-GLN-GLU-110; 111-ARG-THR-112; 113-LYS-LEU-114; 115-ARG-PRO-116; 119-MET-VAL-120 AND 121-ARG-PRO-122.
[12]	"Notch and Ras signaling pathway effector genes expressed in fusion competent and founder cells during Drosophila myogenesis." Artero R., Furlong E.E., Beckett K., Scott M.P., Baylies M. Development 130:6257-6272(2003) [PubMed: 14602676] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	L38294 mRNA. Translation: AAA66168.1. U19722 mRNA. Translation: AAA65733.1. U19731 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB60231.1. AE013599 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF58245.1. AY075531 mRNA. Translation: AAL68338.1. BT072878 mRNA. Translation: ACN67102.1.
PIR	A55647.
RefSeq	NP_725394.1. NM_166055.1.
UniGene	Dm.5449.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP	DIP-29101N.
IntAct	Q27934. 8 interactions.
MINT	MINT-282993.
STRING	Q27934.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblMetazoa	FBtr0087516; FBpp0086645; FBgn0013725.
GeneID	36606.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG10108.
NMPDR	fig|7227.3.peg.5234.
UCSC	CG10108-RA. d. melanogaster.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	36606.
FlyBase	FBgn0013725. phyl.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	inNOG11831.
GeneTree	EMGT00050000015112.
InParanoid	Q27934.
OMA	INIYEPR.
OrthoDB	EOG459ZZ0.
PhylomeDB	Q27934.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q27934.
Bgee	Q27934.
GermOnline	CG10108. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR012934. Znf_AD. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF07776. zf-AD. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	799468.

Entry information

Entry name

PHYL_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q27934
Secondary accession number(s): C0PV22, Q9V721

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 26, 2004
Last sequence update:	April 26, 2004
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 83 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Drosophila annotation project