ID   AST1_CAEEL              Reviewed;         377 AA.
AC   Q22355;
DT   23-FEB-2022, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-JAN-1999, sequence version 2.
DT   27-MAR-2024, entry version 165.
DE   RecName: Full=Transcription factor ast-1 {ECO:0000305};
DE   AltName: Full=axon steering defect-1 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:T08H4.3};
GN   Name=ast-1 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:T08H4.3};
GN   ORFNames=T08H4.3 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:T08H4.3};
OS   Caenorhabditis elegans.
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida;
OC   Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae;
OC   Caenorhabditis.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=6239 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940};
RN   [1] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940}
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=Bristol N2 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940};
RX   PubMed=9851916; DOI=10.1126/science.282.5396.2012;
RG   The C. elegans sequencing consortium;
RT   "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating
RT   biology.";
RL   Science 282:2012-2018(1998).
RN   [2] {ECO:0000305}
RP   FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF
RP   GLY-240 AND ALA-251.
RX   PubMed=16584723; DOI=10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.02.042;
RA   Schmid C., Schwarz V., Hutter H.;
RT   "AST-1, a novel ETS-box transcription factor, controls axon guidance and
RT   pharynx development in C. elegans.";
RL   Dev. Biol. 293:403-413(2006).
RN   [3] {ECO:0000305}
RP   FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF MET-263.
RX   PubMed=19287374; DOI=10.1038/nature07929;
RA   Flames N., Hobert O.;
RT   "Gene regulatory logic of dopamine neuron differentiation.";
RL   Nature 458:885-889(2009).
RN   [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP   FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE,
RP   AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-240.
RX   PubMed=22069471; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0026811;
RA   Siehr M.S., Koo P.K., Sherlekar A.L., Bian X., Bunkers M.R., Miller R.M.,
RA   Portman D.S., Lints R.;
RT   "Multiple doublesex-related genes specify critical cell fates in a C.
RT   elegans male neural circuit.";
RL   PLoS ONE 6:E26811-E26811(2011).
RN   [5] {ECO:0000305}
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=23788625; DOI=10.1101/gad.217224.113;
RA   Doitsidou M., Flames N., Topalidou I., Abe N., Felton T., Remesal L.,
RA   Popovitchenko T., Mann R., Chalfie M., Hobert O.;
RT   "A combinatorial regulatory signature controls terminal differentiation of
RT   the dopaminergic nervous system in C. elegans.";
RL   Genes Dev. 27:1391-1405(2013).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor (PubMed:16584723, PubMed:19287374,
CC       PubMed:23788625). Probably binds to DNA sequences containing the
CC       consensus motif 5'-CGGA[AT][AG]-3' (PubMed:19287374). Positively
CC       modulates expression of dopamine pathway genes, acting as a terminal
CC       selector for differentiation of dopaminergic neurons; may act in
CC       concert with homeobox proteins ceh-40, ceh-43 and ceh-20
CC       (PubMed:19287374, PubMed:23788625, PubMed:22069471). Required for axon
CC       navigation in some interneurons, perhaps acting in the same pathways as
CC       basement membrane protein nid-1 and unc-6/netrin (PubMed:16584723).
CC       Plays a role in the differentiation of the ventral cord pioneer neuron
CC       AVG (PubMed:16584723). Required for morphogenesis of the pharynx
CC       (PubMed:16584723). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:19287374, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22069471,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:23788625}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|RuleBase:RU004019,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22069471}. Cell
CC       projection, neuron projection {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723}.
CC       Note=Initially localized only in the nucleus, but later in development,
CC       at about the 3-fold stage, expressed elsewhere in the cell body and
CC       also in the neuronal projections. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the A-neurons in the male-specific
CC       genital sensilla (simple sense organs) known as rays.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22069471}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in the embryo in sensory neurons with 6-
CC       fold symmetry, probably the inner labial neurons (PubMed:16584723).
CC       Expressed between comma and 3-fold stage, diminishing afterwards and
CC       absent in larval stages and adults (PubMed:16584723). Expressed in all
CC       dopaminergic neurons throughout postembryonic stages (PubMed:19287374).
CC       Expressed in a few cells in the pharynx at the 2-fold stage
CC       (PubMed:16584723). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:19287374}.
CC   -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: RNAi-mediated knockdown abolishes expression of
CC       tyrosine monooxygenase cat-2 in neurons in the male-specific genital
CC       sensilla (simple sense organs) known as rays.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22069471}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ETS family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; BX284602; CCD73307.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   PIR; T34343; T34343.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001022326.1; NM_001027155.4.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q22355; -.
DR   SMR; Q22355; -.
DR   STRING; 6239.T08H4.3.1; -.
DR   EPD; Q22355; -.
DR   PaxDb; 6239-T08H4-3; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; Q22355; -.
DR   EnsemblMetazoa; T08H4.3.1; T08H4.3.1; WBGene00020368.
DR   GeneID; 173749; -.
DR   KEGG; cel:CELE_T08H4.3; -.
DR   UCSC; T08H4.3; c. elegans.
DR   AGR; WB:WBGene00020368; -.
DR   WormBase; T08H4.3; CE19576; WBGene00020368; ast-1.
DR   eggNOG; KOG3806; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_045216_1_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q22355; -.
DR   OMA; NSHAMGR; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 2882052at2759; -.
DR   Reactome; R-CEL-2559585; Oncogene Induced Senescence.
DR   PRO; PR:Q22355; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000001940; Chromosome II.
DR   Bgee; WBGene00020368; Expressed in pharyngeal muscle cell (C elegans) and 3 other cell types or tissues.
DR   GO; GO:0043005; C:neuron projection; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0007411; P:axon guidance; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0071542; P:dopaminergic neuron differentiation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0110040; P:nematode pharynx morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030182; P:neuron differentiation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048664; P:neuron fate determination; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IMP:WormBase.
DR   GO; GO:0110037; P:regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   Gene3D; 1.10.10.10; Winged helix-like DNA-binding domain superfamily/Winged helix DNA-binding domain; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR000418; Ets_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR046328; ETS_fam.
DR   InterPro; IPR036388; WH-like_DNA-bd_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR036390; WH_DNA-bd_sf.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11849; ETS; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11849:SF287; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AST-1; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00178; Ets; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00454; ETSDOMAIN.
DR   SMART; SM00413; ETS; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF46785; Winged helix' DNA-binding domain; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00345; ETS_DOMAIN_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00346; ETS_DOMAIN_2; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50061; ETS_DOMAIN_3; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Cell projection; DNA-binding; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Transcription;
KW   Transcription regulation.
FT   CHAIN           1..377
FT                   /note="Transcription factor ast-1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000454715"
FT   DNA_BIND        214..294
FT                   /note="ETS"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00237"
FT   REGION          72..143
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   MUTAGEN         240
FT                   /note="G->R: In rh300; interneuron axon guidance defects in
FT                   the ventral nerve cord (VNC). Partial differentiation
FT                   defects of the VNC pioneer neuron, AVG. Abolishes
FT                   expression of tyrosine monooxygenase cat-2 in the
FT                   male-specific ray neurons and other dopaminergic neurons."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:19287374, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22069471"
FT   MUTAGEN         251
FT                   /note="A->V: In hd1; interneuron axon guidance defects in
FT                   the ventral nerve cord (VNC). Reduced expression of
FT                   tyrosine monooxygenase cat-2 in dopaminergic neurons."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:16584723,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:19287374"
FT   MUTAGEN         263
FT                   /note="M->I: In ot417; defects in dopaminergic neuron fate.
FT                   Reduced expression of tyrosine monooxygenase cat-2 in
FT                   dopaminergic neurons."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:19287374"
SQ   SEQUENCE   377 AA;  41466 MW;  D78A6BFA2472D409 CRC64;
     MQVVSSATLP PTVASADLAI VGGRSSDEDV IKYSAIQTIK QEQQQQQQQQ SNTALPSYNF
     PFFNGMQNDF PPNRMLYNDN TMQKSENDHF TGMNLSTSAS SSGNSTSSKD QSRRQFYTES
     SNSSGNGAAA TSGSNGSSSS TESKSDVFNI SMNAFAATPG SKSEDHNIPS FNMLSSYYTG
     ALKLSNSTSF ANPDPYQILG PTSKNLAHSG SGQTQLWQFL LELLSDKRYS EVITWEGTQG
     EFKLVDPDEV ARKWGERKSK PNMNYDKMSR ALRYYYDKNI MAKVHGKRYA YKFDFQGIAQ
     ALQPPTASHP QDYFNSHAMG RIAPDFSSWT SANYRSLNIA GFNNGSTIFN PSVNYSAFGA
     TGTSNNLSAA RAFPLYR
//