Q16572 (VACHT_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Vesicular acetylcholine transporter
Short name=VAChT

Alternative name(s):
Solute carrier family 18 member 3

Gene names

Name:	SLC18A3
Synonyms:	VACHT

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	532 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in acetylcholine transport into synaptic vesicles. Ref.1
Subcellular location	Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue specificity	Peripheral and central cholinergic nervous systems. Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Vesicular transporter family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Neurotransmitter transport Transport
Cellular component	Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	neurotransmitter secretion Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Cellular component	clathrin sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle membrane Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome integral to plasma membrane Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc membrane fraction Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Molecular function	acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 532	532	Vesicular acetylcholine transporter		PRO_0000127517
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 33	33	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	34 – 54	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	55 – 125	71	Lumenal, vesicle Potential
	Transmembrane	126 – 146	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	147 – 152	6	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	153 – 173	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	174 – 182	9	Lumenal, vesicle Potential
	Transmembrane	183 – 203	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	204 – 213	10	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	214 – 234	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	235 – 242	8	Lumenal, vesicle Potential
	Transmembrane	243 – 263	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	264 – 289	26	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	290 – 310	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	311 – 325	15	Lumenal, vesicle Potential
	Transmembrane	326 – 346	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	347 – 356	10	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	357 – 377	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	378 – 388	11	Lumenal, vesicle Potential
	Transmembrane	389 – 409	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	410 – 422	13	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	423 – 443	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	444 – 447	4	Lumenal, vesicle Potential
	Transmembrane	448 – 468	21	Helical; Potential
	Topological domain	469 – 532	64	Cytoplasmic Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	89	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	96	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Natural variations
	Natural variant	11	1	R → Q. Corresponds to variant rs8187732 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_029152
	Natural variant	13	1	A → P. Corresponds to variant rs8187733 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_020034
	Natural variant	29	1	R → W. Corresponds to variant rs8187734 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_020035
	Natural variant	520	1	A → E. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.4 Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs8187730 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_024638

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q16572 [UniParc]. Last modified November 30, 2010. Version 2. Checksum: 445CDF48F08ED31D	FASTA	532	56,903
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MESAEPAGQA RAAATKLSEA VGAALQEPRR QRRLVLVIVC VALLLDNMLY MVIVPIVPDY 70 80 90 100 110 120 IAHMRGGGEG PTRTPEVWEP TLPLPTPANA SAYTANTSAS PTAAWPAGSA LRPRYPTESE 130 140 150 160 170 180 DVKIGVLFAS KAILQLLVNP LSGPFIDRMS YDVPLLIGLG VMFASTVLFA FAEDYATLFA 190 200 210 220 230 240 ARSLQGLGSA FADTSGIAMI ADKYPEEPER SRALGVALAF ISFGSLVAPP FGGILYEFAG 250 260 270 280 290 300 KRVPFLVLAA VSLFDALLLL AVAKPFSAAA RARANLPVGT PIHRLMLDPY IAVVAGALTT 310 320 330 340 350 360 CNIPLAFLEP TIATWMKHTM AASEWEMGMA WLPAFVPHVL GVYLTVRLAA RYPHLQWLYG 370 380 390 400 410 420 ALGLAVIGAS SCIVPACRSF APLVVSLCGL CFGIALVDTA LLPTLAFLVD VRHVSVYGSV 430 440 450 460 470 480 YAIADISYSV AYALGPIVAG HIVHSLGFEQ LSLGMGLANL LYAPVLLLLR NVGLLTRSRS 490 500 510 520 530 ERDVLLDEPP QGLYDAVRLR ERPVSGQDGE PRSPPGPFDA CEDDYNYYYT RS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Functional identification of a vesicular acetylcholine transporter and its expression from a 'cholinergic' gene locus." Erickson J.D., Varoqui H., Schafer M.K.-H., Modi W., Diebler M.-F., Weihe E., Rand J.B., Eiden L.E., Bonner T.I., Usdin T.B. J. Biol. Chem. 269:21929-21932(1994) [PubMed: 8071310] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, VARIANT GLU-520. Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT GLU-520. Tissue: Thalamus.
[3]	"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10." Deloukas P., Earthrowl M.E., Grafham D.V., Rubenfield M., French L., Steward C.A., Sims S.K., Jones M.C., Searle S., Scott C., Howe K., Hunt S.E., Andrews T.D., Gilbert J.G.R., Swarbreck D., Ashurst J.L., Taylor A., Battles J. , Bird C.P., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ashwell R.I.S., Ambrose K.D., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Bates K., Beasley H., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Cahill P., Camire D., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Corby N., Coulson A., Dhami P., Dutta I., Dunn M., Faulkner L., Frankish A., Frankland J.A., Garner P., Garnett J., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Grocock R., Gustafson E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E., Heath P.D., Ho T.P., Hopkins B., Horne J., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Hynds C., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kana A., Kay M., Kimberley A.M., Kershaw J.K., Kokkinaki M., Laird G.K., Lawlor S., Lee H.M., Leongamornlert D.A., Laird G., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., McLaren S., McLay K.E., McMurray A., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Milne S., Nickerson T., Nguyen M., Overton-Larty E., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K., Rice C.M., Rogosin A., Ross M.T., Sarafidou T., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Standring L., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thorpe A., Torcasso W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tsolas J., Wall M., Walsh J., Wang H., Weinstock K., West A.P., Willey D.L., Whitehead S.L., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Young L., Chen Y., Lovering R.C., Moschonas N.K., Siebert R., Fechtel K., Bentley D., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Doucette-Stamm L., Beck S., Smith D.R., Rogers J. Nature 429:375-381(2004) [PubMed: 15164054] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT GLU-520.
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT GLU-520. Tissue: Brain.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U10554 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB92675.1. U09210 mRNA. Translation: AAA20497.1. AK313094 mRNA. Translation: BAG35918.1. AC073366 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471187 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW93093.1. BC007765 mRNA. Translation: AAH07765.1.
IPI	IPI00017623.
PIR	I38658.
RefSeq	NP_003046.2. NM_003055.2.
UniGene	Hs.654374.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q16572.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q16572.
Protein family/group databases
TCDB	2.A.1.2.28. major facilitator superfamily (MFS).
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q16572.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	34924885.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q16572.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000374115; ENSP00000363229; ENSG00000187714.
GeneID	6572.
KEGG	hsa:6572.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	6572.
GeneCards	GC10P050818.
H-InvDB	HIX0008818.
HGNC	HGNC:10936. SLC18A3.
HPA	CAB037102.
MIM	600336. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q16572.
PharmGKB	PA326.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	maNOG17267.
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000003851.
HOGENOM	HBG714968.
HOVERGEN	HBG055082.
InParanoid	Q16572.
OMA	VRYVSVY.
OrthoDB	EOG461442.
PhylomeDB	Q16572.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_13685. Neuronal System.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q16572.
Bgee	Q16572.
CleanEx	HS_SLC18A3.
Genevestigator	Q16572.
GermOnline	ENSG00000187714. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR011701. MFS. IPR020846. MFS_dom. IPR016196. MFS_dom_general_subst_transpt. [Graphical view]
KO	K14636.
Pfam	PF07690. MFS_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF103473. MFS_gen_substrate_transporter. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS50850. MFS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	25571.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

VACHT_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q16572
Secondary accession number(s): B2R7S1

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	September 19, 2003
Last sequence update:	November 30, 2010
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 95 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.