DNA damage-binding protein 1 - Homo sapiens (Human)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    DNA damage-binding protein 1
Alternative name(s):
    Damage-specific DNA-binding protein 1
    UV-damaged DNA-binding factor
    DDB p127 subunit
    DNA damage-binding protein a
      Short name=DDBa
    UV-damaged DNA-binding protein 1
      Short name=UV-DDB 1
    Xeroderma pigmentosum group E-complementing protein
      Short name=XPCe
    XPE-binding factor
      Short name=XPE-BF
    HBV X-associated protein 1
      Short name=XAP-1

Gene names

Name:	DDB1
Synonyms:	XAP1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

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Protein attributes

Sequence length	1140 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

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General annotation (Comments)

Function	Required for DNA repair. Binds to DDB2 to form the UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex (the UV-DDB complex). The UV-DDB complex may recognize UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair. The UV-DDB complex preferentially binds to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4 PP), apurinic sites and short mismatches. Also appears to function as a component of numerous distinct DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the DCX E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex is determined by the variable substrate recognition component recruited by DDB1. DCX(DDB2) (also known as DDB1-CUL4-ROC1, CUL4-DDB-ROC1 and CUL4-DDB-RBX1) may ubiquitinate histone H2A, histone H3 and histone H4 at sites of UV-induced DNA damage. The ubiquitination of histones may facilitate their removal from the nucleosome and promote subsequent DNA repair. DCX(DDB2) also ubiquitinates XPC, which may enhance DNA-binding by XPC and promote NER. DCX(DTL) plays a role in PCNA-dependent polyubiquitination of CDT1 and MDM2-dependent ubiquitination of TP53 in response to radiation-induced DNA damage and during DNA replication. DCX(ERCC8) (the CSA complex) plays a role in transcription-coupled repair (TCR). May also play a role in ubiquitination of CDKN1B/p27kip when associated with CUL4 and SKP2.
Pathway	Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.
Subunit structure	Component of the UV-DDB complex which includes DDB1 and DDB2. The UV-DDB complex interacts with monoubiquitinated histone H2A and binds to XPC via the DDB2 subunit. Component of numerous DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which consist of a core of DDB1, CUL4A or CUL4B and RBX1. DDB1 may recruit specific substrate targeting subunits to the DCX complex. These substrate targeting subunits are generally known as DCAF (DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor) or CDW (CUL4-DDB1-associated WD40-repeat) proteins. Interacts with AMBRA1, ATG16L1, BTRC, C2ORF37, C4ORF30, DCAF15, DDA1, DET1, DTL, ERCC8, FBXW5, FBXW8, GRWD1, IQWD1, KATNB1, NLE1, NUP43, PAFAH1B1, PHIP, PWP1, RBBP4, RBBP5, RBBP7, RFWD2, VPRBP, WDR5, WDR5B, WDR12, WDR21A, WDR22, WDR23, WDR26, WDR32, WDR39, WDR40A, WDR42, WDR42A, WDR53, WDR57, WDR59, WDR61, WDR68, WSB1, WSB2 and WDTC1. DCX complexes may associate with the COP9 signalosome, and this inhibits the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the complex. Interacts with NF2, TSC1 and TSC2. Interacts with Simian virus 5 protein V and the HBV X protein. Interaction with SV5 protein V may prevent the recruitment of DCAF proteins to DCX complexes.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note= Primarily cytoplasmic. Translocates to the nucleus following UV irradiation and subsequently accumulates at sites of DNA damage.
Post-translational modification	Ubiquitinated by CUL4A. Subsequently degraded by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the DDB1 family.

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Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	DNA damage DNA repair Host-virus interaction Ubl conjugation pathway
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Ligand	DNA-binding
PTM	Phosphoprotein Ubl conjugation
Technical term	3D-structure
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cell cycle checkpoint Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB interspecies interaction between organisms Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage removal Inferred from Experiment. Source: Reactome ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytoplasm Ref.31 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB nucleoplasm Inferred from Experiment. Source: Reactome
Molecular function	damaged DNA binding Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc protein binding Ref.13 Ref.29 Inferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...