Q16143 (SYUB_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Beta-synuclein

Gene names

Name:

SNCB

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	134 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Non-amyloid component of senile plaques found in Alzheimer disease. Could act as a regulator of SNCA aggregation process. Protects neurons from staurosporine and 6-hydroxy dopamine (6OHDA)-stimulated caspase activation in a p53/TP53-dependent manner. Contributes to restore the SNCA anti-apoptotic function abolished by 6OHDA. Not found in the Lewy bodies associated with Parkinson disease.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm.
Tissue specificity	Expressed predominantly in brain; concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals.
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation by G-protein coupled receptor kinases (GRK) is more efficient than phosphorylation by CK1, CK2 and CaM-kinase II. Ref.7
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the synuclein family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Domain	Repeat
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	dopamine metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara synapse organization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara synaptic transmission Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	Golgi apparatus Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA growth cone Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara mitochondrion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara neuronal cell body Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nucleus Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA terminal bouton Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	calcium ion binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11312271. Source: UniProtKB phospholipase inhibitor activity Traceable author statement Ref.2. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 134	134	Beta-synuclein		PRO_0000184035
Regions
	Repeat	20 – 30	11	1
	Repeat	31 – 41	11	2
	Repeat	42 – 56	15	3; approximate
	Repeat	57 – 67	11	4
	Region	20 – 67	48	4 X 11 AA tandem repeats of [EGS]-K-T-K-[EQ]-[GQ]-V-X(4)
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	118	1	Phosphoserine; by BARK1, CK2 and GRK5

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q16143 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 5BCA9FCA615AC4EF	FASTA	134	14,288
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDVFMKGLSM AKEGVVAAAE KTKQGVTEAA EKTKEGVLYV GSKTREGVVQ GVASVAEKTK 70 80 90 100 110 120 EQASHLGGAV FSGAGNIAAA TGLVKREEFP TDLKPEEVAQ EAAEEPLIEP LMEPEGESYE 130 DPPQEEYQEY EPEA

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Identification of two distinct synucleins from human brain." Jakes R., Spillantini M.G., Goedert M. FEBS Lett. 345:27-32(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE. Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"Genomic organization and expression of the human beta-synuclein gene (SNCB)." Lavedan C., Leroy E., Torres R., Dehejia A., Dutra A., Buchholtz S., Nussbaum R.L., Polymeropoulos M.H. Genomics 54:173-175(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[4]	"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Lung.
[6]	Lubec G., Chen W.-Q., Sun Y. Submitted (DEC-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 46-85, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Fetal brain cortex.
[7]	"Synucleins are a novel class of substrates for G protein-coupled receptor kinases." Pronin A.N., Morris A.J., Surguchov A., Benovic J.L. J. Biol. Chem. 275:26515-26522(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	S69965 mRNA. Translation: AAB30860.1. AF053136, AF053134, AF053135 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC80286.1. BT006627 mRNA. Translation: AAP35273.1. CR457027 mRNA. Translation: CAG33308.1. BC002902 mRNA. Translation: AAH02902.1.
IPI	IPI00032904.
PIR	S44430.
RefSeq	NP_001001502.1. NM_001001502.1. NP_003076.1. NM_003085.3.
UniGene	Hs.90297.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q16143.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q16143. 1 interaction.
MINT	MINT-1407095.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000308057.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q16143.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	2501105.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q16143.
PRIDE	Q16143.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	6620.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000310112; ENSP00000308057; ENSG00000074317. ENST00000393693; ENSP00000377296; ENSG00000074317. ENST00000506696; ENSP00000422223; ENSG00000074317. ENST00000510387; ENSP00000424073; ENSG00000074317.
GeneID	6620.
KEGG	hsa:6620.
UCSC	uc003mep.3. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	6620.
GeneCards	GC05M176047.
HGNC	HGNC:11140. SNCB.
HPA	CAB002681. HPA035876.
MIM	602569. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q16143.
Orphanet	1648. Dementia with Lewy body.
PharmGKB	PA35988.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG39253.
HOGENOM	HOG000008691.
HOVERGEN	HBG000481.
InParanoid	Q16143.
OMA	DSPQEEY.
OrthoDB	EOG40S0HC.
PhylomeDB	Q16143.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q16143.
Bgee	Q16143.
CleanEx	HS_SNCB.
Genevestigator	Q16143.
GermOnline	ENSG00000074317. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.10.287.700. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR001058. Synuclein. IPR002461. Synuclein_beta. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR13820. PTHR13820. 1 hit. PTHR13820:SF4. PTHR13820:SF4. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01387. Synuclein. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01213. BSYNUCLEIN. PR01211. SYNUCLEIN.
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	SNCB. human.
GenomeRNAi	6620.
NextBio	25779.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

SYUB_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q16143
Secondary accession number(s): Q6IAX7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1997
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1996
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 119 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.