Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q15468 (STIL_HUMAN)
Last modified
June 16, 2009.
Version 51.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (4) |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: SCL-interrupting locus protein Alternative name(s): TAL-1-interrupting locus protein | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1287 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is not processed. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Immediate-early gene. Plays an important role in embryonic development as well as in cellular growth and proliferation; its long-term silencing affects cell survival and cell cycle distribution as well as decreases CDC2 activity correlated with reduced phosphorylation of CDC2. Play a role as a positive regulator of the sonic hedgehog pathway, acting downstream of PTCH1. Ref.9 Ref.14 |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with PIN1 via its WW domain. This interaction is dependent on STIL mitotic phosphorylation By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in all hematopoietic tissues and cell lines. Highly expressed in a variety of tumors characterized by increased mitotic activity with highest expression in lung cancer. Ref.1 Ref.13 |
| Induction | Down-regulated when cell proliferation ceased. Accumulates during G2 phase and falls at completion of the cell cycle. Ref.9 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated following the activation of the mitotic checkpoint. Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 |
| Involvement in disease | A chromosomal aberration involving STIL may be a cause of some T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALL). A deletion at 1p32 between STIL and TAL1 genes leads to STIL/TAL1 fusion mRNA with STIL exon 1 slicing to TAL1 exon 3. As both STIL exon 1 and TAL1 exon 3 are 5'-untranslated exons, STIL/TAL1 fusion mRNA predicts a full length TAL1 protein under the control of the STIL promoter, leading to inappropriate TAL1 expression. In childhood T-cell malignancies (T-ALL), a type of defect such as STIL/TAL1 fusion is associated with a good prognosis. In cultured lymphocytes from healthy adults, STIL/TAL1 fusion mRNA may be detected after 7 days of culture. Defects in STIL are the cause of microcephaly primary type 7 (MCPH7) [MIM:612703]. Microcephaly is defined as a head circumference more than 3 standard deviations below the age-related mean. Brain weight is markedly reduced and the cerebral cortex is disproportionately small. Despite this marked reduction in size, the gyral pattern is relatively well preserved, with no major abnormality in cortical architecture. Primary microcephaly is further defined by the absence of other syndromic features or significant neurological deficits. |
Ontologies
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Cellular component | Cytoplasm |
| Coding sequence diversity | Alternative splicing Chromosomal rearrangement Polymorphism |
| Disease | Primary microcephaly Proto-oncogene |
| Molecular function | Developmental protein |
| PTM | Phosphoprotein |
| Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological process | cell proliferation Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc multicellular organismal developmentInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW |
| Cellular component | cytosol Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q15468-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q15468-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 872-872: N → NS | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1287 | 1287 | SCL-interrupting locus protein | PRO_0000271332 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Region | 584 – 779 | 196 | PIN1-binding By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 753 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.16 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 1004 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.15 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 872 | 1 | N → NS in isoform 2. | VSP_022301 | |||||
| Natural variant | 86 | 1 | A → V: dbSNP rs3125630. Ref.2 Ref.3 | VAR_029870 | |||||
| Natural variant | 984 | 1 | H → R: dbSNP rs13376679. Ref.3 | VAR_029871 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1012 | 1 | P → R Ref.2 | VAR_029872 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1145 | 1 | A → V: dbSNP rs3766317. | VAR_051386 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 70 – 71 | 2 | KQ → NE in AAA60550. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 70 – 71 | 2 | KQ → NE in AAK51418. Ref.2 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Structural characterization of SIL, a gene frequently disrupted in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia." Aplan P.D., Lombardi D.P., Kirsch I.R. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:5462-5469(1991) [PubMed: 1922059] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Bone marrow. |
| [2] | "The genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and analysis of SIL as a candidate gene for holoprosencephaly." Karkera J.D., Izraeli S., Roessler E., Dutra A., Kirsch I.R., Muenke M. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 97:62-67(2002) [PubMed: 12438740] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS VAL-86 AND ARG-1012. |
| [3] | "The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Blocker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Kohrer K., Ottenwalder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed: 17974005] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANTS VAL-86 AND ARG-984. Tissue: Uterus. |
| [4] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [6] | "Site-specific recombination of the tal-1 gene is a common occurrence in human T cell leukemia." Brown L., Cheng J.-T., Chen Q., Siciliano M.J., Crist W., Buchanan G., Baer R. EMBO J. 9:3343-3351(1990) [PubMed: 2209547] [Abstract] Cited for: CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT. |
| [7] | "Disruption of the human SCL locus by 'illegitimate' V-(D)-J recombinase activity." Aplan P.D., Lombardi D.P., Ginsberg A.M., Cossman J., Bertness V.L., Kirsch I.R. Science 250:1426-1429(1990) [PubMed: 2255914] [Abstract] Cited for: CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT. |
| [8] | "Involvement of the putative hematopoietic transcription factor SCL in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia." Aplan P.D., Lombardi D.P., Reaman G.H., Sather H.N., Hammond G.D., Kirsch I.R. Blood 79:1327-1333(1992) [PubMed: 1311214] [Abstract] Cited for: CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT. |
| [9] | "Expression of the SIL gene is correlated with growth induction and cellular proliferation." Izraeli S., Colaizzo-Anas T., Bertness V.L., Mani K., Aplan P.D., Kirsch I.R. Cell Growth Differ. 8:1171-1179(1997) [PubMed: 9372240] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION. |
| [10] | "Analysis of the V(D)J recombination efficiency at lymphoid chromosomal translocation breakpoints." Raghavan S.C., Kirsch I.R., Lieber M.R. J. Biol. Chem. 276:29126-29133(2001) [PubMed: 11390401] [Abstract] Cited for: CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT. |
| [11] | "Measurement of SIL-TAL1 fusion gene transcripts associated with human T-cell lymphocytic leukemia by real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR." Curry J.D., Smith M.T. Leuk. Res. 27:575-582(2003) [PubMed: 12681356] [Abstract] Cited for: CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT. |
| [12] | "Clinical significance of HOX11L2 expression linked to t(5;14)(q35;q32), of HOX11 expression, and of SIL-TAL fusion in childhood T-cell malignancies: results of EORTC studies 58881 and 58951." Cave H., Suciu S., Preudhomme C., Poppe B., Robert A., Uyttebroeck A., Malet M., Boutard P., Benoit Y., Mauvieux L., Lutz P., Mechinaud F., Grardel N., Mazingue F., Dupont M., Margueritte G., Pages M.-P., Bertrand Y. Dastugue N.Blood 103:442-450(2004) [PubMed: 14504110] [Abstract] Cited for: CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT. |
| [13] | "Sil overexpression in lung cancer characterizes tumors with increased mitotic activity." Erez A., Perelman M., Hewitt S.M., Cojacaru G., Goldberg I., Shahar I., Yaron P., Muler I., Campaner S., Amariglio N., Rechavi G., Kirsch I.R., Krupsky M., Kaminski N., Izraeli S. Oncogene 23:5371-5377(2004) [PubMed: 15107824] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [14] | "Sil phosphorylation in a Pin1 binding domain affects the duration of the spindle checkpoint." Campaner S., Kaldis P., Izraeli S., Kirsch I.R. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:6660-6672(2005) [PubMed: 16024801] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, PHOSPHORYLATION. |
| [15] | "Improved titanium dioxide enrichment of phosphopeptides from HeLa cells and high confident phosphopeptide identification by cross-validation of MS/MS and MS/MS/MS spectra." Yu L.-R., Zhu Z., Chan K.C., Issaq H.J., Dimitrov D.S., Veenstra T.D. J. Proteome Res. 6:4150-4162(2007) [PubMed: 17924679] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-1004, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium. |
| [16] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-753, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [17] | "Mutations in STIL, encoding a pericentriolar and centrosomal protein, cause primary microcephaly." Kumar A., Girimaji S.C., Duvvari M.R., Blanton S.H. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 84:286-290(2009) [PubMed: 19215732] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN MCPH7. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| M74558 mRNA. Translation: AAA60550.1. AF349657 AF349644 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAK51418.1. CR749851 mRNA. Translation: CAH18699.1. AL513322, AL135960 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI13468.1. AL135960, AL513322 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI19733.1. BC126223 mRNA. Translation: AAI26224.1. | |
| IPI | IPI00328131. IPI00745920. |
| PIR | A41685. |
| RefSeq | NP_001041631.1. NP_003026.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.525198 |
3D structure databases | |
| ModBase | Search... |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q15468. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | Q15468. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENSG00000123473. Homo sapiens. [Contig view] |
| GeneID | 6491. |
| KEGG | hsa:6491. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| GeneCards | GC01M047488. |
| HGNC | HGNC:10879. STIL. |
| MIM | 181590. gene. 612703. phenotype. |
| Orphanet | 513. Leukemia, lymphoblastic, acute. 2512. Microcephaly, isolated congenital. |
| PharmGKB | PA35780. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| HOVERGEN | Q15468. |
| OMA | Q15468. TLKQMNS. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | hedgehog_2pathway. Signaling events mediated by the Hedgehog family. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q15468. |
| Bgee | Q15468. |
| CleanEx | HS_STIL. |
Family and domain databases | |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| NextBio | 25225. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | STIL_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q15468 Secondary accession number(s): Q5T0C5, Q68CN9 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |

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