Q15049 (MLC1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 116.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Membrane protein MLC1 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 377 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Regulates the response of astrocytes to hypo-osmosis by promoting calcium influx. Ref.10 |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with ATP1B1. Part of a complex containing ATP1B1, TRPV4, AQP4 and HEPACAM. Ref.10 |
| Subcellular location | Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Potential. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm › perinuclear region. Endoplasmic reticulum Ref.10. |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in the brain, with highest levels found in the amygdala, nucleus caudatus, thalamus and hippocampus. Ref.1 |
| Involvement in disease | Leukoencephalopathy, megalencephalic, with subcortical cysts, 1 (MLC1) [MIM:604004]: A syndrome of cerebral leukoencephalopathy and megalencephaly characterized by ataxia, spasticity, seizures, delay in motor development and mild mental retardation. The brain appears swollen on magnetic resonance imaging, with diffuse white-matter abnormalities and the invariable presence of subcortical cysts in frontal and temporal lobes. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAA04947.3 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed Ref.9 | ||||||
| Chain | 2 – 377 | 376 | Membrane protein MLC1 | PRO_0000096496 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Transmembrane | 52 – 72 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 82 – 100 | 19 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 111 – 131 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 144 – 164 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 199 – 219 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 230 – 250 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 257 – 277 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 304 – 324 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 173 – 176 | 4 | Poly-Lys | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Natural variant | 59 | 1 | G → E in MLC1. Ref.13 Corresponds to variant rs80358242 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_017438 | |||||
| Natural variant | 69 | 1 | S → L in MLC1. Ref.14 | VAR_067762 | |||||
| Natural variant | 80 | 1 | M → I in MLC1. Ref.14 | VAR_067763 | |||||
| Natural variant | 84 | 1 | R → C in MLC1. Ref.14 | VAR_067764 | |||||
| Natural variant | 92 | 1 | P → S in MLC1. Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs121908345 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_017439 | |||||
| Natural variant | 93 | 1 | S → L in MLC1. Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs80358245 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_011699 | |||||
| Natural variant | 118 | 1 | T → R in MLC1. Ref.11 | VAR_011700 | |||||
| Natural variant | 125 | 1 | C → R in MLC1; accumulates in the cytoplasmic perinuclear region and endoplasmic reticulum; affects interaction with ATP1B1. Ref.10 Ref.12 | VAR_067765 | |||||
| Natural variant | 141 | 1 | N → K in MLC1. Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs121908343 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_017440 | |||||
| Natural variant | 141 | 1 | N → S in MLC1. Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs121908344 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_017441 | |||||
| Natural variant | 171 | 1 | C → F. Corresponds to variant rs6010260 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_051186 | |||||
| Natural variant | 212 | 1 | G → R in MLC1. Ref.11 | VAR_011701 | |||||
| Natural variant | 245 | 1 | A → P in MLC1. Ref.14 | VAR_067766 | |||||
| Natural variant | 246 | 1 | S → R in MLC1; does not affect subcellular location. Ref.10 Ref.12 | VAR_067767 | |||||
| Natural variant | 280 | 1 | S → L in MLC1; accumulates in the cytoplasmic perinuclear region and endoplasmic reticulum; affects the interaction with ATP1B1, TRPV4, AQP4 and HEPACAM. Ref.10 Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs121908341 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_011702 | |||||
| Natural variant | 309 | 1 | L → M in a pedigree affected by schizophrenia. Ref.1 Corresponds to variant rs80358240 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_012731 | |||||
| Natural variant | 320 | 1 | T → K in MLC1. Ref.14 | VAR_067768 | |||||
| Natural variant | 344 | 1 | N → S. Corresponds to variant rs11568188 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_051187 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 25 | 1 | P → H in AAH28425. Ref.8 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "A missense mutation in a novel gene encoding a putative cation channel is associated with catatonic schizophrenia in a large pedigree." Meyer J., Huberth A., Ortega G., Syagailo Y.V., Jatzke S., Moessner R., Strom T.M., Ulzheimer-Teuber I., Stoeber G., Schmitt A., Lesch K.P. Mol. Psychiatry 6:302-306(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, VARIANT MET-309. Tissue: Hippocampus. |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1." Nomura N., Miyajima N., Sazuka T., Tanaka A., Kawarabayasi Y., Sato S., Nagase T., Seki N., Ishikawa K., Tabata S. DNA Res. 1:27-35(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Bone marrow. |
| [3] | "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones." Nakajima D., Okazaki N., Yamakawa H., Kikuno R., Ohara O., Nagase T. DNA Res. 9:99-106(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION. |
| [4] | "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome." Collins J.E., Wright C.L., Edwards C.A., Davis M.P., Grinham J.A., Cole C.G., Goward M.E., Aguado B., Mallya M., Mokrab Y., Huckle E.J., Beare D.M., Dunham I. Genome Biol. 5:R84.1-R84.11(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [5] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Kidney. |
| [6] | "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22." Dunham I., Hunt A.R., Collins J.E., Bruskiewich R., Beare D.M., Clamp M., Smink L.J., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C., Bailey J., Barlow K.F., Bates K.N., Beasley O.P., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bridgeman A.M. Wright H.Nature 402:489-495(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [9] | "Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides." Gevaert K., Goethals M., Martens L., Van Damme J., Staes A., Thomas G.R., Vandekerckhove J. Nat. Biotechnol. 21:566-569(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-14. Tissue: Platelet. |
| [10] | "Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts protein 1 functionally cooperates with the TRPV4 cation channel to activate the response of astrocytes to osmotic stress: dysregulation by pathological mutations." Lanciotti A., Brignone M.S., Molinari P., Visentin S., De Nuccio C., Macchia G., Aiello C., Bertini E., Aloisi F., Petrucci T.C., Ambrosini E. Hum. Mol. Genet. 21:2166-2180(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, SUBUNIT, INTERACTION WITH ATP1B1, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS MLC1 ARG-125; ARG-246 AND LEU-280. |
| [11] | "Mutations of MLC1 (KIAA0027), encoding a putative membrane protein, cause megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts." Leegwater P.A.J., Yuan B.Q., van der Steen J., Mulders J., Koenst A.A.M., Ilja Boor P.K., Mejaski-Bosnjak V., van der Maarel S.M., Frants R.R., Oudejans C.B.M., Schutgens R.B.H., Pronk J.C., van der Knapp M.S. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68:831-838(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MLC1 LEU-93; ARG-118; ARG-212 AND LEU-280. |
| [12] | "Identification of novel mutations in MLC1 responsible for megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts." Leegwater P.A.J., Boor P.K.I., Yuan B.Q., van der Steen J., Visser A., Konst A.A.M., Oudejans C.B.M., Schutgens R.B.H., Pronk J.C., van der Knaap M.S. Hum. Genet. 110:279-283(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MLC1 SER-92; ARG-125; LYS-141; SER-141 AND ARG-246. |
| [13] | "Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts; a founder effect in Israeli patients and a higher than expected carrier rate among Libyan Jews." Ben-Zeev B., Levy-Nissenbaum E., Lahat H., Anikster Y., Shinar Y., Brand N., Gross-Tzur V., MacGregor D., Sidi R., Kleta R., Frydman M., Pras E. Hum. Genet. 111:214-218(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MLC1 GLU-59. |
| [14] | "Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts: an update and extended mutation analysis of MLC1." Ilja Boor P.K., de Groot K., Mejaski-Bosnjak V., Brenner C., van der Knaap M.S., Scheper G.C., Pronk J.C. Hum. Mutat. 27:505-512(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MLC1 LEU-69; ILE-80; CYS-84; PRO-245 AND LYS-320. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| GeneReviews |
| Mendelian genes megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1 (MLC1) Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD) |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF319633 mRNA. Translation: AAK60119.1. D25217 mRNA. Translation: BAA04947.3. Different initiation. CR456460 mRNA. Translation: CAG30346.1. AL022327 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI42687.1. AK124264 mRNA. Translation: BAG54023.1. CH471138 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW73490.1. BC028425 mRNA. Translation: AAH28425.1. |
| IPI | IPI00014240. |
| RefSeq | NP_055981.1. NM_015166.3. NP_631941.1. NM_139202.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.517729. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q15049. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000310375. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q15049. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 20141590. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q15049. |
| PRIDE | Q15049. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 23209. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000311597; ENSP00000310375; ENSG00000100427. ENST00000395876; ENSP00000379216; ENSG00000100427. |
| GeneID | 23209. |
| KEGG | hsa:23209. |
| UCSC | uc003bjg.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 23209. |
| GeneCards | GC22M050497. |
| HGNC | HGNC:17082. MLC1. |
| HPA | HPA003040. |
| MIM | 604004. phenotype. 605908. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q15049. |
| Orphanet | 2478. Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts. |
| PharmGKB | PA38199. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG48054. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000065767. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG049239. |
| InParanoid | Q15049. |
| OMA | VTFFWIL. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4QZ7MP. |
| PhylomeDB | Q15049. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q15049. |
| Bgee | Q15049. |
| CleanEx | HS_MLC1. |
| Genevestigator | Q15049. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000100427. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | MLC1. human. |
| GenomeRNAi | 23209. |
| NextBio | 44747. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | MLC1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q15049 Secondary accession number(s): B3KW61 Q9UGY8 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 22 Human chromosome 22: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |

Clusters with
