Q14028 (CNGB1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 115.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-1 Alternative name(s): Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 Short name=CNG channel 4 Short name=CNG-4 Short name=CNG4 Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel gamma Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel modulatory subunit Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1 Short name=CNG channel beta-1 Glutamic acid-rich protein Short name=GARP | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1251 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Subunit of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels, nonselective cation channels, which play important roles in both visual and olfactory signal transduction. When associated with CNGA1, it is involved in the regulation of ion flow into the rod photoreceptor outer segment (ROS), in response to light-induced alteration of the levels of intracellular cGMP. Ref.4 Ref.8 Isoform GARP2 is a high affinity rod photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDE6)-binding protein that modulates its catalytic properties: it is a regulator of spontaneous activation of rod PDE6, thereby serving to lower rod photoreceptor 'dark noise' and allowing these sensory cells to operate at the single photon detection limit. Ref.4 Ref.8 |
| Subunit structure | Tetramer formed of three CNGA1 and one CNGB1 modulatory subunits By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | |
| Involvement in disease | Retinitis pigmentosa 45 (RP45) [MIM:613767]: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel (TC 1.A.1.5) family. CNGB1 subfamily. [View classification] Contains 1 cyclic nucleotide-binding domain. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] Note: There is no evidence for an ortholog to bovine GARP1 in the human genome. | ||||||
| Isoform RCNC2B (identifier: Q14028-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform RCNC2A (identifier: Q14028-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-628: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform GARP2 (identifier: Q14028-3) Also known as: GARP; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 292-299: ISILPGGQ → RVMGAGGL 300-1251: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: In the rod cells, the CNGB1 locus encodes the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-1 subunit and several glutamic-acid-rich proteins (GARPs). |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1251 | 1251 | Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-1 | PRO_0000219323 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 343 – 656 | 314 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 657 – 675 | 19 | Helical; Name=H1; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 676 – 689 | 14 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 690 – 708 | 19 | Helical; Name=H2; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 709 – 733 | 25 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 734 – 753 | 20 | Helical; Name=H3; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 754 – 790 | 37 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 791 – 813 | 23 | Helical; Name=H4; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 814 – 857 | 44 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 858 – 877 | 20 | Helical; Name=H5; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 878 – 961 | 84 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 962 – 982 | 21 | Helical; Name=H6; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 983 – 1251 | 269 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 970 – 1109 | 140 | cAMP By similarity | ||||||
| Motif | 568 – 578 | 11 | IQ-like | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 23 – 63 | 41 | Glu-rich | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 171 – 252 | 82 | Pro-rich | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 351 – 371 | 21 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Binding site | 1030 | 1 | cAMP Potential | ||||||
| Binding site | 1042 | 1 | cAMP Potential | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 628 | 628 | Missing in isoform RCNC2A. | VSP_001110 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 292 – 299 | 8 | ISILPGGQ → RVMGAGGL in isoform GARP2. | VSP_037921 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 300 – 1251 | 952 | Missing in isoform GARP2. | VSP_037922 | |||||
| Natural variant | 100 | 1 | R → H. Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Corresponds to variant rs13336595 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_058691 | |||||
| Natural variant | 479 | 1 | L → I. Corresponds to variant rs2303783 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_059225 | |||||
| Natural variant | 535 | 1 | V → A. Corresponds to variant rs12927214 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_059226 | |||||
| Natural variant | 731 | 1 | N → K. Corresponds to variant rs376270 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_059227 | |||||
| Natural variant | 745 | 1 | L → I. Corresponds to variant rs10459809 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_059228 | |||||
| Natural variant | 911 | 1 | K → R. Corresponds to variant rs2303785 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_059229 | |||||
| Natural variant | 961 | 1 | A → S. Corresponds to variant rs16942445 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_059230 | |||||
| Natural variant | 993 | 1 | G → V in RP45. Ref.11 | VAR_060491 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 568 | 1 | L → E: Loss of calcium/calmodulin modulation. Ref.7 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 128 | 1 | I → V in AC010543. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 189 – 194 | 6 | Missing in AAC04830. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1148 – 1149 | 2 | QQ → HE in AAB63387. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1148 – 1149 | 2 | QQ → HE in AAA65619. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1148 – 1149 | 2 | QQ → HE in AAA65620. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1207 – 1208 | 2 | RP → SC in AAB63387. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1207 – 1208 | 2 | RP → SC in AAA65619. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1207 – 1208 | 2 | RP → SC in AAA65620. Ref.1 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "A new subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel in retinal rods." Chen T.-Y., Peng Y.-W., Dhallan R.S., Ahamed B., Reed R.R., Yau K.-W. Nature 362:764-767(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS RCNC2A AND RCNC2B). Tissue: Retina. |
| [2] | "cDNA, gene structure, and chromosomal localization of human GAR1 (CNCG3L), a homolog of the third subunit of bovine photoreceptor cGMP-gated channel." Ardell M.D., Makhija A.K., Oliveira L., Miniou P., Viegas-Pequignot E., Pittler S.J. Genomics 28:32-38(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM GARP2), VARIANT HIS-100. Tissue: Retina. |
| [3] | "The beta subunit of human rod photoreceptor cGMP-gated cation channel is generated from a complex transcription unit." Ardell M.D., Aragon I., Oliveira L., Porche G.E., Burke E., Pittler S.J. FEBS Lett. 389:213-218(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM RCNC2B), VARIANT HIS-100. Tissue: Retina. |
| [4] | "Identification of a domain on the beta-subunit of the rod cGMP-gated cation channel that mediates inhibition by calcium-calmodulin." Grunwald M.E., Yu W.P., Yu H.H., Yau K.W. J. Biol. Chem. 273:9148-9157(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM RCNC2B), FUNCTION, VARIANT HIS-100. Tissue: Retina. |
| [5] | "The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16." Martin J., Han C., Gordon L.A., Terry A., Prabhakar S., She X., Xie G., Hellsten U., Chan Y.M., Altherr M., Couronne O., Aerts A., Bajorek E., Black S., Blumer H., Branscomb E., Brown N.C., Bruno W.J. Pennacchio L.A.Nature 432:988-994(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "Genomic organization of the human rod photoreceptor cGMP-gated cation channel beta-subunit gene." Ardell M.D., Bedsole D.L., Schoborg R.V., Pittler S.J. Gene 245:311-318(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. |
| [7] | "Calmodulin permanently associates with rat olfactory CNG channels under native conditions." Bradley J., Boenigk W., Yau K.-W., Frings S. Nat. Neurosci. 7:705-710(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: MUTAGENESIS OF LEU-568. |
| [8] | "The glutamic acid-rich protein-2 (GARP2) is a high affinity rod photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDE6)-binding protein that modulates its catalytic properties." Pentia D.C., Hosier S., Cote R.H. J. Biol. Chem. 281:5500-5505(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORM GARP2), FUNCTION. |
| [9] | "Glutamic acid-rich proteins of rod photoreceptors are natively unfolded." Batra-Safferling R., Abarca-Heidemann K., Korschen H.G., Tziatzios C., Stoldt M., Budyak I., Willbold D., Schwalbe H., Klein-Seetharaman J., Kaupp U.B. J. Biol. Chem. 281:1449-1460(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GARPS PROTEINS. |
| [10] | Cote R.H. Unpublished observations (MAY-2009) Cited for: ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORM GARP2). |
| [11] | "Segregation of a mutation in CNGB1 encoding the beta-subunit of the rod cGMP-gated channel in a family with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa." Bareil C., Hamel C.P., Delague V., Arnaud B., Demaille J., Claustres M. Hum. Genet. 108:328-334(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT RP45 VAL-993. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | L15296 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA65620.1. L15297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA65619.1. U18945 mRNA. Translation: AAA91633.1. U58837 mRNA. Translation: AAB63387.1. AF042498 mRNA. Translation: AAC04830.1. AC010543 Genomic DNA. No translation available. |
| IPI | IPI00164347. IPI00297656. IPI00646195. |
| PIR | A57652. S32538. S69275. |
| RefSeq | NP_001129111.1. NM_001135639.1. NP_001288.3. NM_001297.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.147062. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q14028. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000251102. |
Protein family/group databases | |
| TCDB | 1.A.1.5.3. voltage-gated ion channel (VIC) superfamily. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q14028. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 257051004. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q14028. |
| PRIDE | Q14028. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 1258. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000251102; ENSP00000251102; ENSG00000070729. ENST00000311183; ENSP00000311670; ENSG00000070729. |
| GeneID | 1258. |
| KEGG | hsa:1258. |
| UCSC | uc002emt.2. human. uc002emu.2. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 1258. |
| GeneCards | GC16M058001. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0038536. |
| HGNC | HGNC:2151. CNGB1. |
| HPA | HPA039159. |
| MIM | 600724. gene. 613767. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q14028. |
| Orphanet | 791. Retinitis pigmentosa. |
| PharmGKB | PA26662. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG289446. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000231425. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG051038. |
| InParanoid | Q14028. |
| KO | K04952. |
| OMA | DTDADSC. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4NP72T. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | rhodopsin_pathway. Visual signal transduction: Rods. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q14028. |
| Bgee | Q14028. |
| CleanEx | HS_CNGB1. |
| Genevestigator | Q14028. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000070729. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| Gene3D | 2.60.120.10. 1 hit. |
| InterPro | IPR018490. cNMP-bd-like. IPR018488. cNMP-bd_CS. IPR000595. cNMP-bd_dom. IPR014710. RmlC-like_jellyroll. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00027. cNMP_binding. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00100. cNMP. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF51206. cNMP_binding. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00888. CNMP_BINDING_1. 1 hit. PS00889. CNMP_BINDING_2. 1 hit. PS50042. CNMP_BINDING_3. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 1258. |
| NextBio | 5089. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | CNGB1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q14028 Secondary accession number(s): O43636 Q9UMG2 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 16 Human chromosome 16: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
