Q13562 (NDF1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 135.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Neurogenic differentiation factor 1 Short name=NeuroD Short name=NeuroD1 Alternative name(s): Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 3 Short name=bHLHa3 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 356 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampus, endocrine islet cells of the pancreas and enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine. Together with PAX6 or SIX3, is required for the regulation of amacrine cell fate specification. Also required for dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance in the cerebellar cortex. Associates with chromatin to enhancer regulatory elements in genes encoding key transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis By similarity. |
| Subunit structure | Interacts (via helix-loop-helix motif domain) with EP300 (via C-terminus) By similarity. Heterodimer with TCF3/E47; the heterodimer is inhibited in presence of ID2, but not NR0B2, to E-box element. Efficient DNA-binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Interacts with RREB1. Interacts with EP300; the interaction is inhibited by NR0B2. Interacts with TCF3; the interaction is inhibited by ID2. Ref.15 Ref.16 |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasm By similarity. Nucleus. Note: In pancreatic islet cells, shuttles to the nucleus in response to glucose stimulation By similarity. Colocalizes with NR0B2 in the nucleus. Ref.16 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated. In islet cells, phosphorylated on Ser-274 upon glucose stimulation; which may be required for nuclear localization. In activated neurons, phosphorylated on Ser-335; which promotes dendritic growth. Phosphorylated by MAPK1; phosphorylation regulates heterodimerization and DNA-binding activities. Phosphorylation on Ser-266 and Ser-274 increases transactivation on the insulin promoter in glucose-stimulated insulinoma cells By similarity. |
| Involvement in disease | Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 6 (MODY6) [MIM:606394]: A form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease. |
| Sequence similarities | Contains 1 bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) domain. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 356 | 356 | Neurogenic differentiation factor 1 | PRO_0000127381 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 101 – 153 | 53 | bHLH | ||||||
| Motif | 87 – 93 | 7 | Nuclear localization signal Potential | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 58 – 77 | 20 | Glu-rich (acidic) | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 67 – 75 | 9 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 87 – 90 | 4 | Poly-Lys | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 162 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 259 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 266 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 274 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 335 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by CaMK2 By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Natural variant | 45 | 1 | T → A. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs1801262 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_014820 | |||||
| Natural variant | 111 | 1 | R → L in MODY6. Ref.17 | VAR_012487 | |||||
| Natural variant | 197 | 1 | P → H. Corresponds to variant rs8192556 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_031260 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 157 | 1 | L → S in AAA93480. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 185 | 1 | A → G in BAA11558. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 185 | 1 | A → G in BAA87605. Ref.5 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 232 | 1 | G → D in BAA36519. Ref.6 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "The NEUROD gene maps to human chromosome 2q32 and mouse chromosome 2." Tamimi R., Steingrimsson E., Copeland N.G., Dyer-Montgomery K., Lee J.E., Hernandez R., Jenkins N.A., Tapscott S.J. Genomics 34:418-421(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [2] | "Molecular cloning of a human neuroD from a neuroblastoma cell line specifically expressed in the fetal brain and adult cerebellum." Yokoyama M., Nishi Y., Miyamoto Y., Nakamura M., Akiyama K., Matsubara K., Okubo K. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 42:135-139(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [3] | Furuta H., Horikawa Y., Iwasaki N., Hara M., Sussel L., le Beau M.M., Davis E.M., Ogata M., Iwamoto Y., German M.S., Bell G.I. Submitted (JAN-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [4] | "Structure and regulation of the human NeuroD (BETA2/BHF1) gene." Miyachi T., Maruyama H., Kitamura T., Nakamura S., Kawakami H. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 69:223-231(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [5] | Noma T. Submitted (DEC-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [6] | "Ala45Thr mutation of the human BETA2 gene." Kuroe A., Yamada Y., Kubota A., Someya Y., Iwakura T., Watanabe R., Inada A., Miyawaki K., Ban N., Ihara Y., Seino Y. Submitted (JUL-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [7] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [8] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT ALA-45. Tissue: Cerebellum. |
| [9] | "Full-length transcriptome analysis of human retina-derived cell lines ARPE-19 and Y79 using the vector-capping method." Oshikawa M., Tsutsui C., Ikegami T., Fuchida Y., Matsubara M., Toyama S., Usami R., Ohtoko K., Kato S. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 52:6662-6670(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [10] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [11] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-45. |
| [12] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT ALA-45. Tissue: Eye. |
| [13] | "cDNA cloning and expression analysis of NeuroD mRNA in human retina." Acharya H.R., Dooley C.M., Thoreson W.B., Ahmad I. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233:459-463(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 88-200. Tissue: Retina. |
| [14] | Shum C.H., Triche T.J. Submitted (SEP-1995) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 147-198. Tissue: Rhabdomyosarcoma. |
| [15] | "Novel transcriptional potentiation of BETA2/NeuroD on the secretin gene promoter by the DNA-binding protein Finb/RREB-1." Ray S.K., Nishitani J., Petry M.W., Fessing M.Y., Leiter A.B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:259-271(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH RREB1. |
| [16] | "Orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner, a novel corepressor for a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor BETA2/neuroD." Kim J.Y., Chu K., Kim H.J., Seong H.A., Park K.C., Sanyal S., Takeda J., Ha H., Shong M., Tsai M.J., Choi H.S. Mol. Endocrinol. 18:776-790(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH NR0B2; EP300 AND TCF3, HETERODIMERIZATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [17] | "Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus." Malecki M.T., Jhala U.S., Antonellis A., Fields L., Doria A., Orban T., Saad M., Warram J.H., Montminy M., Krolewski A.S. Nat. Genet. 23:323-328(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT MODY6 LEU-111. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | U50822 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA93480.1. D82347 mRNA. Translation: BAA11558.1. AF045152 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC83145.1. AB018693 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA76603.1. AB009997 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA87605.1. AB016079 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA36519.1. BT019731 mRNA. Translation: AAV38536.1. AK313799 mRNA. Translation: BAG36535.1. AB593068 mRNA. Translation: BAJ84015.1. AB593069 mRNA. Translation: BAJ84016.1. AB593070 mRNA. Translation: BAJ84017.1. AB593071 mRNA. Translation: BAJ84018.1. AC013733 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY24267.1. CH471058 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX10983.1. BC009046 mRNA. Translation: AAH09046.1. U80578 mRNA. Translation: AAC51318.1. U36472 mRNA. Translation: AAA79702.1. |
| IPI | IPI00299039. |
| RefSeq | NP_002491.2. NM_002500.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.574626. Hs.709709. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q13562. |
| SMR | Q13562. Positions 102-159. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | Q13562. 1 interaction. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000295108. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q13562. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 311033428. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | Q13562. |
| PRIDE | Q13562. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 4760. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000295108; ENSP00000295108; ENSG00000162992. |
| GeneID | 4760. |
| KEGG | hsa:4760. |
| UCSC | uc002uof.3. human. uc021vtn.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 4760. |
| GeneCards | GC02M182505. |
| HGNC | HGNC:7762. NEUROD1. |
| HPA | CAB022450. HPA003278. |
| MIM | 125853. phenotype. 601724. gene. 606391. phenotype. 606394. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q13562. |
| Orphanet | 552. MODY syndrome. |
| PharmGKB | PA31564. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG287211. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG000250. |
| InParanoid | Q13562. |
| KO | K08033. |
| OMA | DEEHETD. |
| OrthoDB | EOG44F69G. |
| PhylomeDB | Q13562. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Reactome | REACT_111045. Developmental Biology. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | Q13562. |
| CleanEx | HS_NEUROD1. |
| Genevestigator | Q13562. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000162992. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| Gene3D | 4.10.280.10. 1 hit. |
| InterPro | IPR011598. bHLH_dom. IPR022575. Neurogenic_DUF. IPR016637. TF_bHLH_NeuroD. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00010. HLH. 1 hit. PF12533. Neuro_bHLH. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PIRSF | PIRSF015618. bHLH_NeuroD. 1 hit. |
| SMART | SM00353. HLH. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF47459. HLH_basic. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS50888. BHLH. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 4760. |
| NextBio | 18336. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | NDF1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q13562 Secondary accession number(s): B2R9I8 Q9UEC8 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
