Phospholipase D1 - Homo sapiens (Human)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Phospholipase D1
      Short name=PLD 1
      Short name=hPLD1
    EC=3.1.4.4
Alternative name(s):
    Choline phosphatase 1
    Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D1

Gene names

Name:

PLD1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

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Protein attributes

Sequence length	1074 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

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General annotation (Comments)

Function	Implicated as a critical step in numerous cellular pathways, including signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and the regulation of mitosis. May be involved in the regulation of perinuclear intravesicular membrane traffic By similarity.
Catalytic activity	A phosphatidylcholine + H₂O = choline + a phosphatidate.
Enzyme regulation	Stimulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, activated by the phosphokinase C-alpha, by the ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF-1), and to a lesser extent by GTP-binding proteins: RHO A, RAC-1 and CDC42. Inhibited by oleate.
Subunit structure	Interacts with PIP5K1A. Ref.7
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › perinuclear region By similarity. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side By similarity. Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side By similarity. Late endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Expressed abundantly in the pancreas and heart and at high levels in brain, placenta, spleen, uterus and small intestine. Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the phospholipase D family. Contains 1 PH domain. Contains 2 PLD phosphodiesterase domains. Contains 1 PX (phox homology) domain.

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Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Lipid degradation
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Endosome Golgi apparatus Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Repeat
Molecular function	Hydrolase
PTM	Lipoprotein Palmitate Phosphoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	Ras protein signal transduction Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc chemotaxis Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc lipid catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	Golgi membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell endoplasmic reticulum membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell late endosome membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell perinuclear region of cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	NAPE-specific phospholipase D activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC phosphoinositide binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro phospholipase D activity Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc protein binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

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Alternative products

This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform PLD1A (identifier: Q13393-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform PLD1B (identifier: Q13393-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 585-623: SYFNHYRSHHNLIHGLKPHFKLFHPSSESEQGLTRPHAD → N

Isoform PLD1C (identifier: Q13393-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 514-597: PAAMESMESL...NHYRSHHNLI → IPGPSVVYRQ...SSSAGTSQKL 598-1074: Missing.

Isoform PLD1D (identifier: Q13393-4) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 962-971: VVLGYLDDPS → SKMTPGVEDP 972-1074: Missing.

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Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 1074

1074

Phospholipase D1

PRO_0000218802

Regions

Domain

81 – 212

132

PX

Domain

219 – 328

110

PH

Domain

459 – 486

28

PLD phosphodiesterase 1

Domain

891 – 918

28

PLD phosphodiesterase 2

Region

463 – 928

466

Catalytic

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

629

1

Phosphoserine Ref.8

Lipidation

240

1

S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity

Lipidation

241

1

S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

514 – 597

84

PAAME…HHNLI → IPGPSVVYRQVWESCMGKPD SGMERTTAISSSKTGFNLIN LLLISLTGTPRPGCPGMTLP LQSTGRRLVMWHVTSSSAGT SQKL in isoform PLD1C.

VSP_005018

Alternative sequence

585 – 623

39

SYFNH…RPHAD → N in isoform PLD1B.

VSP_005020

Alternative sequence

598 – 1074

477

Missing in isoform PLD1C.

VSP_005019

Alternative sequence

962 – 971

10

VVLGYLDDPS → SKMTPGVEDP in isoform PLD1D.

VSP_005021

Alternative sequence

972 – 1074

103

Missing in isoform PLD1D.

VSP_005022

Natural variant

49

1

P → A: dbSNP rs9819927.

VAR_034387

Natural variant

622

1

A → S: dbSNP rs2290480.

VAR_022056

Natural variant

820

1

V → M: dbSNP rs2287579.

VAR_022057

Natural variant

1024

1

V → I: dbSNP rs9827333.

VAR_051703

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

832

1

S → P in CAB76564. Ref.3

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Sequences

Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
Isoform PLD1A [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1997. Version 1. Checksum: 734F285790A0BF7A Show »	FASTA	1,074	124,184
10 20 30 40 50 60 MSLKNEPRVN TSALQKIAAD MSNIIENLDT RELHFEGEEV DYDVSPSDPK IQEVYIPFSA 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYNTQGFKEP NIQTYLSGCP IKAQVLEVER FTSTTRVPSI NLYTIELTHG EFKWQVKRKF 130 140 150 160 170 180 KHFQEFHREL LKYKAFIRIP IPTRRHTFRR QNVREEPREM PSLPRSSENM IREEQFLGRR 190 200 210 220 230 240 KQLEDYLTKI LKMPMYRNYH ATTEFLDISQ LSFIHDLGPK GIEGMIMKRS GGHRIPGLNC 250 260 270 280 290 300 CGQGRACYRW SKRWLIVKDS FLLYMKPDSG AIAFVLLVDK EFKIKVGKKE TETKYGIRID 310 320 330 340 350 360 NLSRTLILKC NSYRHARWWG GAIEEFIQKH GTNFLKDHRF GSYAAIQENA LAKWYVNAKG 370 380 390 400 410 420 YFEDVANAME EANEEIFITD WWLSPEIFLK RPVVEGNRWR LDCILKRKAQ QGVRIFIMLY 430 440 450 460 470 480 KEVELALGIN SEYTKRTLMR LHPNIKVMRH PDHVSSTVYL WAHHEKLVII DQSVAFVGGI 490 500 510 520 530 540 DLAYGRWDDN EHRLTDVGSV KRVTSGPSLG SLPPAAMESM ESLRLKDKNE PVQNLPIQKS 550 560 570 580 590 600 IDDVDSKLKG IGKPRKFSKF SLYKQLHRHH LHDADSISSI DSTSSYFNHY RSHHNLIHGL 610 620 630 640 650 660 KPHFKLFHPS SESEQGLTRP HADTGSIRSL QTGVGELHGE TRFWHGKDYC NFVFKDWVQL 670 680 690 700 710 720 DKPFADFIDR YSTPRMPWHD IASAVHGKAA RDVARHFIQR WNFTKIMKSK YRSLSYPFLL 730 740 750 760 770 780 PKSQTTAHEL RYQVPGSVHA NVQLLRSAAD WSAGIKYHEE SIHAAYVHVI ENSRHYIYIE 790 800 810 820 830 840 NQFFISCADD KVVFNKIGDA IAQRILKAHR ENQKYRVYVV IPLLPGFEGD ISTGGGNALQ 850 860 870 880 890 900 AIMHFNYRTM CRGENSILGQ LKAELGNQWI NYISFCGLRT HAELEGNLVT ELIYVHSKLL 910 920 930 940 950 960 IADDNTVIIG SANINDRSML GKRDSEMAVI VQDTETVPSV MDGKEYQAGR FARGLRLQCF 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 RVVLGYLDDP SEDIQDPVSD KFFKEVWVST AARNATIYDK VFRCLPNDEV HNLIQLRDFI 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 NKPVLAKEDP IRAEEELKKI RGFLVQFPFY FLSEESLLPS VGTKEAIVPM EVWT « Hide
Isoform PLD1B. Checksum: 7AFA088570479777 Show »	FASTA	1,036	119,693
10 20 30 40 50 60 MSLKNEPRVN TSALQKIAAD MSNIIENLDT RELHFEGEEV DYDVSPSDPK IQEVYIPFSA 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYNTQGFKEP NIQTYLSGCP IKAQVLEVER FTSTTRVPSI NLYTIELTHG EFKWQVKRKF 130 140 150 160 170 180 KHFQEFHREL LKYKAFIRIP IPTRRHTFRR QNVREEPREM PSLPRSSENM IREEQFLGRR 190 200 210 220 230 240 KQLEDYLTKI LKMPMYRNYH ATTEFLDISQ LSFIHDLGPK GIEGMIMKRS GGHRIPGLNC 250 260 270 280 290 300 CGQGRACYRW SKRWLIVKDS FLLYMKPDSG AIAFVLLVDK EFKIKVGKKE TETKYGIRID 310 320 330 340 350 360 NLSRTLILKC NSYRHARWWG GAIEEFIQKH GTNFLKDHRF GSYAAIQENA LAKWYVNAKG 370 380 390 400 410 420 YFEDVANAME EANEEIFITD WWLSPEIFLK RPVVEGNRWR LDCILKRKAQ QGVRIFIMLY 430 440 450 460 470 480 KEVELALGIN SEYTKRTLMR LHPNIKVMRH PDHVSSTVYL WAHHEKLVII DQSVAFVGGI 490 500 510 520 530 540 DLAYGRWDDN EHRLTDVGSV KRVTSGPSLG SLPPAAMESM ESLRLKDKNE PVQNLPIQKS 550 560 570 580 590 600 IDDVDSKLKG IGKPRKFSKF SLYKQLHRHH LHDADSISSI DSTSNTGSIR SLQTGVGELH 610 620 630 640 650 660 GETRFWHGKD YCNFVFKDWV QLDKPFADFI DRYSTPRMPW HDIASAVHGK AARDVARHFI 670 680 690 700 710 720 QRWNFTKIMK SKYRSLSYPF LLPKSQTTAH ELRYQVPGSV HANVQLLRSA ADWSAGIKYH 730 740 750 760 770 780 EESIHAAYVH VIENSRHYIY IENQFFISCA DDKVVFNKIG DAIAQRILKA HRENQKYRVY 790 800 810 820 830 840 VVIPLLPGFE GDISTGGGNA LQAIMHFNYR TMCRGENSIL GQLKAELGNQ WINYISFCGL 850 860 870 880 890 900 RTHAELEGNL VTELIYVHSK LLIADDNTVI IGSANINDRS MLGKRDSEMA VIVQDTETVP 910 920 930 940 950 960 SVMDGKEYQA GRFARGLRLQ CFRVVLGYLD DPSEDIQDPV SDKFFKEVWV STAARNATIY 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 DKVFRCLPND EVHNLIQLRD FINKPVLAKE DPIRAEEELK KIRGFLVQFP FYFLSEESLL 1030 PSVGTKEAIV PMEVWT « Hide
Isoform PLD1C. Checksum: BA03FFD5DD72AED7 Show »	FASTA	597	68,898
10 20 30 40 50 60 MSLKNEPRVN TSALQKIAAD MSNIIENLDT RELHFEGEEV DYDVSPSDPK IQEVYIPFSA 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYNTQGFKEP NIQTYLSGCP IKAQVLEVER FTSTTRVPSI NLYTIELTHG EFKWQVKRKF 130 140 150 160 170 180 KHFQEFHREL LKYKAFIRIP IPTRRHTFRR QNVREEPREM PSLPRSSENM IREEQFLGRR 190 200 210 220 230 240 KQLEDYLTKI LKMPMYRNYH ATTEFLDISQ LSFIHDLGPK GIEGMIMKRS GGHRIPGLNC 250 260 270 280 290 300 CGQGRACYRW SKRWLIVKDS FLLYMKPDSG AIAFVLLVDK EFKIKVGKKE TETKYGIRID 310 320 330 340 350 360 NLSRTLILKC NSYRHARWWG GAIEEFIQKH GTNFLKDHRF GSYAAIQENA LAKWYVNAKG 370 380 390 400 410 420 YFEDVANAME EANEEIFITD WWLSPEIFLK RPVVEGNRWR LDCILKRKAQ QGVRIFIMLY 430 440 450 460 470 480 KEVELALGIN SEYTKRTLMR LHPNIKVMRH PDHVSSTVYL WAHHEKLVII DQSVAFVGGI 490 500 510 520 530 540 DLAYGRWDDN EHRLTDVGSV KRVTSGPSLG SLPIPGPSVV YRQVWESCMG KPDSGMERTT 550 560 570 580 590 AISSSKTGFN LINLLLISLT GTPRPGCPGM TLPLQSTGRR LVMWHVTSSS AGTSQKL « Hide
Isoform PLD1D. Checksum: 0B7F963953A48ECC Show »	FASTA	971	112,184
10 20 30 40 50 60 MSLKNEPRVN TSALQKIAAD MSNIIENLDT RELHFEGEEV DYDVSPSDPK IQEVYIPFSA 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYNTQGFKEP NIQTYLSGCP IKAQVLEVER FTSTTRVPSI NLYTIELTHG EFKWQVKRKF 130 140 150 160 170 180 KHFQEFHREL LKYKAFIRIP IPTRRHTFRR QNVREEPREM PSLPRSSENM IREEQFLGRR 190 200 210 220 230 240 KQLEDYLTKI LKMPMYRNYH ATTEFLDISQ LSFIHDLGPK GIEGMIMKRS GGHRIPGLNC 250 260 270 280 290 300 CGQGRACYRW SKRWLIVKDS FLLYMKPDSG AIAFVLLVDK EFKIKVGKKE TETKYGIRID 310 320 330 340 350 360 NLSRTLILKC NSYRHARWWG GAIEEFIQKH GTNFLKDHRF GSYAAIQENA LAKWYVNAKG 370 380 390 400 410 420 YFEDVANAME EANEEIFITD WWLSPEIFLK RPVVEGNRWR LDCILKRKAQ QGVRIFIMLY 430 440 450 460 470 480 KEVELALGIN SEYTKRTLMR LHPNIKVMRH PDHVSSTVYL WAHHEKLVII DQSVAFVGGI 490 500 510 520 530 540 DLAYGRWDDN EHRLTDVGSV KRVTSGPSLG SLPPAAMESM ESLRLKDKNE PVQNLPIQKS 550 560 570 580 590 600 IDDVDSKLKG IGKPRKFSKF SLYKQLHRHH LHDADSISSI DSTSSYFNHY RSHHNLIHGL 610 620 630 640 650 660 KPHFKLFHPS SESEQGLTRP HADTGSIRSL QTGVGELHGE TRFWHGKDYC NFVFKDWVQL 670 680 690 700 710 720 DKPFADFIDR YSTPRMPWHD IASAVHGKAA RDVARHFIQR WNFTKIMKSK YRSLSYPFLL 730 740 750 760 770 780 PKSQTTAHEL RYQVPGSVHA NVQLLRSAAD WSAGIKYHEE SIHAAYVHVI ENSRHYIYIE 790 800 810 820 830 840 NQFFISCADD KVVFNKIGDA IAQRILKAHR ENQKYRVYVV IPLLPGFEGD ISTGGGNALQ 850 860 870 880 890 900 AIMHFNYRTM CRGENSILGQ LKAELGNQWI NYISFCGLRT HAELEGNLVT ELIYVHSKLL 910 920 930 940 950 960 IADDNTVIIG SANINDRSML GKRDSEMAVI VQDTETVPSV MDGKEYQAGR FARGLRLQCF 970 RSKMTPGVED P « Hide

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References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Human ADP-ribosylation factor-activated phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase D defines a new and highly conserved gene family." Hammond S.M., Altshuller Y.M., Sung T.-C., Rudge S.A., Rose K., Engebrecht J., Morris A.J., Frohman M.A. J. Biol. Chem. 270:29640-29643(1995) [PubMed: 8530346] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM PLD1A).
[2]	"Characterization of two alternately spliced forms of phospholipase D1. Activation of the purified enzymes by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, ADP-ribosylation factor, and Rho family monomeric GTP-binding proteins and protein kinase C-alpha." Hammond S.M., Jenco J.M., Nakashima S., Cadwallader K., Gu Q.-M., Cook S., Nozawa Y., Prestwich G.D., Frohman M.A., Morris A.J. J. Biol. Chem. 272:3860-3868(1997) [PubMed: 9013646] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS PLD1A AND PLD1B).
[3]	"Characterization of human PLD2 and the analysis of PLD isoform splice variants." Steed P.M., Clark K.L., Boyar W.C., Lasala D.J. FASEB J. 12:1309-1317(1998) [PubMed: 9761774] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS PLD1A; PLD1B AND PLD1C). Tissue: Brain, Cervix carcinoma, Chondrocyte and Skeletal muscle.
[4]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM PLD1A). Tissue: Testis.
[5]	"A novel human phospholipase D1 splice variant displays conserved regulation in vitro but altered localisation in vivo." Hughes W.E., Parker P.J. Submitted (FEB-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 739-1074 (ISOFORM PLD1D).
[6]	"Cloning and initial characterization of a human phospholipase D2 (hPLD2). ADP-ribosylation factor regulates hPLD2." Lopez I., Arnold R.S., Lambeth J.D. J. Biol. Chem. 273:12846-12852(1998) [PubMed: 9582313] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"Interaction of the type Ialpha PIPkinase with phospholipase D: a role for the local generation of phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate in the regulation of PLD2 activity." Divecha N., Roefs M., Halstead J.R., D'Andrea S., Fernandez-Borga M., Oomen L., Saqib K.M., Wakelam M.J.O., D'Santos C. EMBO J. 19:5440-5449(2000) [PubMed: 11032811] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PIP5K1A.
[8]	"Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks." Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M. Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed: 17081983] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-629, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

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Web resources

Wikipedia

Phospholipase D entry

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Cross-references

Sequence databases
	U38545 mRNA. Translation: AAB49031.1. BC068976 mRNA. Translation: AAH68976.1. AJ276230 mRNA. Translation: CAB76564.1.
IPI	IPI00012865. IPI00218797. IPI00218798. IPI00218799.
RefSeq	NP_002653.1.
UniGene	Hs.382865
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q13393.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q13393.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000075651. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	5337.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC03M172801.
H-InvDB	HIX0003855.
HGNC	HGNC:9067. PLD1.
HPA	CAB004527.
MIM	602382. gene.
PharmGKB	PA142672076.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	Q13393.
HOVERGEN	Q13393.
OMA	Q13393. GRWDDSE.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	3.1.4.4. 247.
Pathway_Interaction_DB	alphasynuclein_pathway. Alpha-synuclein signaling. arf6downstreampathway. Arf6 downstream pathway. arf6_traffickingpathway. Arf6 trafficking events.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q13393.
Bgee	Q13393.
CleanEx	HS_PLD1.
GermOnline	ENSG00000075651. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR011993. PH_type. IPR015679. Phospholipase_D. IPR001849. Pleckstrin_homology. IPR001736. PLipase_D/transphosphatidylase. IPR016555. PLipase_D_euk. IPR001683. PX. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:2.30.29.30. PH_type. 1 hit. G3DSA:3.30.1520.10. PX. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR18896. Phospholipase_D. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00169. PH. 1 hit. PF00614. PLDc. 2 hits. PF00787. PX. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF009376. Phospholipase_D_euk. 1 hit.
SMART	SM00233. PH. 1 hit. SM00155. PLDc. 2 hits. SM00312. PX. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50003. PH_DOMAIN. False negative. PS50035. PLD. 2 hits. PS50195. PX. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
DrugBank	DB00122. Choline.
NextBio	20672.
SOURCE	Search...

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Entry information

Entry name

PLD1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q13393

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1997
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1997
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 91 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

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Relevant documents

Human chromosome 3

Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Alternative products

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Regions

Amino acid modifications

Natural variations

Experimental info

Sequences

References

Web resources

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Other Resources

Entry information

Relevant documents