Q12770 (SCAP_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
January 25, 2012.
Version 114.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein Short name=SCAP Short name=SREBP cleavage-activating protein | ||||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1279 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Escort protein required for cholesterol as well as lipid homeostasis. Regulates export of the SCAP/SREBF complex from the ER upon low cholesterol. Formation of a ternary complex with INSIG at high sterol concentrations leads to masking of an ER-export signal in SCAP and retention of the complex in the ER. Low sterol concentrations trigger release of INSIG, a conformational change in the SSC domain of SCAP, unmasking of the ER export signal, recruitment into COPII-coated vesicles, transport to the Golgi complex, proteolytic cleavage of SREBF in the Golgi, release of the transcription factor fragment of SREBF from the membrane, its import into the nucleus and up-regulation of LDLR, INSIG1 and the mevalonate pathway By similarity. |
| Subunit structure | Membrane region forms a homotetramer. Forms a stable complex with SREBF1/SREBP1 or SREBF2/SREBP2 through its C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Forms a ternary complex with INSIG1 or INSIG2 through its transmembrane domains at high sterol concentrations. Interacts with the SEC23/SEC24 complex in a SAR1-GTP-dependent manner through an ER export signal in its third cytoplasmic loop. Binds cholesterol through its SSC domain By similarity. Component of SCAP/SREBP complex composed of SREBF2, SCAP and RNF139; the complex hampers the interaction between SCAP and SEC24B, thereby reducing SREBF2 proteolytic processing. Interacts with RNF139; the interaction inhibits the interaction of SCAP with SEC24B and hampering the ER to Golgi transport of the SCAP/SREBP complex. Ref.8 |
| Subcellular location | Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein By similarity. Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein By similarity. Cytoplasmic vesicle › COPII-coated vesicle membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein By similarity. Note: Moves from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi in the absence of sterols By similarity. |
| Induction | By androgen-bound AR and glucocorticoid-bound NR3C1 in a prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP). Ref.7 |
| Domain | Cholesterol bound to SSC domain of SCAP or oxysterol bound to INSIG1/2 leads to masking of an ER export signal on SCAP possibly by moving the signal further away from the ER membrane By similarity. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the WD repeat SCAP family. Contains 1 SSD (sterol-sensing) domain. Contains 7 WD repeats. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAA12111.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. The sequence BAC11673.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q12770-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q12770-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 29-401: Missing. 817-817: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: Q12770-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 476-983: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: Q12770-4) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-392: Missing. 817-817: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1279 | 1279 | Sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein | PRO_0000051208 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 18 | 18 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 19 – 39 | 21 | Helical; Name=1; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 40 – 279 | 240 | Lumenal By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 280 – 300 | 21 | Helical; Name=2; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 301 – 312 | 12 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 313 – 333 | 21 | Helical; Name=3; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 334 – 344 | 11 | Lumenal By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 345 – 365 | 21 | Helical; Name=4; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 366 – 401 | 36 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 402 – 422 | 21 | Helical; Name=5; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 423 | 1 | Lumenal By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 424 – 444 | 21 | Helical; Name=6; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 445 – 518 | 74 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 519 – 539 | 21 | Helical; Name=7; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 540 – 709 | 170 | Lumenal By similarity | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 710 – 730 | 21 | Helical; Name=8; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 731 – 1279 | 549 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||
| Domain | 284 – 442 | 159 | SSD | ||||||
| Repeat | 771 – 811 | 41 | WD 1 | ||||||
| Repeat | 952 – 1002 | 51 | WD 2 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1005 – 1042 | 38 | WD 3 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1077 – 1114 | 38 | WD 4 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1117 – 1155 | 39 | WD 5 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1158 – 1195 | 38 | WD 6 | ||||||
| Repeat | 1197 – 1235 | 39 | WD 7 | ||||||
| Region | 447 – 452 | 6 | ER export signal By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 731 – 1279 | 549 | Interaction with SREBF2 By similarity | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 722 – 729 | 8 | Poly-Leu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 747 – 750 | 4 | Poly-Arg | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 861 – 864 | 4 | Poly-Pro | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 243 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 851 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.10 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 907 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.10 | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 263 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 590 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 641 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 392 | 392 | Missing in isoform 4. | VSP_021105 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 29 – 401 | 373 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_007451 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 476 – 983 | 508 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_007452 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 817 | 1 | Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 4. | VSP_021106 | |||||
| Natural variant | 798 | 1 | V → I. Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs12487736 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_012203 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 350 | 1 | P → G in BAC11673. Ref.6 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 427 | 1 | S → T in BAC11673. Ref.6 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 617 | 1 | W → R in BAB55088. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 753 | 1 | L → Q in BAB55088. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 941 | 1 | V → A in BAB55088. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 994 | 1 | A → S in BAC11673. Ref.6 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1019 | 1 | R → G in BAC11673. Ref.6 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1035 | 1 | E → G in BAB55088. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1080 | 1 | K → E in BAB55088. Ref.4 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Genomic structure and chromosomal mapping of the human sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) gene." Nakajima T., Hamakubo T., Kodama T., Inazawa J., Emi M. J. Hum. Genet. 44:402-407(1999) [PubMed: 10570913] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Hepatoma. |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. V. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0161-KIAA0200) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1." Nagase T., Seki N., Ishikawa K., Tanaka A., Nomura N. DNA Res. 3:17-24(1996) [PubMed: 8724849] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Bone marrow. |
| [3] | "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones." Nakajima D., Okazaki N., Yamakawa H., Kikuno R., Ohara O., Nagase T. DNA Res. 9:99-106(2002) [PubMed: 12168954] [Abstract] Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION. |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4). Tissue: Teratocarcinoma. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Colon. |
| [6] | "Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries." Otsuki T., Ota T., Nishikawa T., Hayashi K., Suzuki Y., Yamamoto J., Wakamatsu A., Kimura K., Sakamoto K., Hatano N., Kawai Y., Ishii S., Saito K., Kojima S., Sugiyama T., Ono T., Okano K., Yoshikawa Y. Isogai T.DNA Res. 12:117-126(2005) [PubMed: 16303743] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 350-1278 (ISOFORM 3). Tissue: Embryo. |
| [7] | "Identification of an androgen response element in intron 8 of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein gene allowing direct regulation by the androgen receptor." Heemers H., Verrijdt G., Organe S., Claessens F., Heyns W., Verhoeven G., Swinnen J.V. J. Biol. Chem. 279:30880-30887(2004) [PubMed: 15133039] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION. |
| [8] | "The sterol-sensing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein TRC8 hampers ER to Golgi transport of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2)/SREBP cleavage-activated protein and reduces SREBP-2 cleavage." Irisawa M., Inoue J., Ozawa N., Mori K., Sato R. J. Biol. Chem. 284:28995-29004(2009) [PubMed: 19706601] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH RNF139. |
| [9] | "Tyrosine phosphorylated Par3 regulates epithelial tight junction assembly promoted by EGFR signaling." Wang Y., Du D., Fang L., Yang G., Zhang C., Zeng R., Ullrich A., Lottspeich F., Chen Z. EMBO J. 25:5058-5070(2006) [PubMed: 17053785] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-243, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Embryonic kidney. |
| [10] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-851 AND SER-907, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [11] | "A common Ile796Val polymorphism of the human SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) gene." Iwaki K., Nakajima T., Ota N., Emi M. J. Hum. Genet. 44:421-422(1999) [PubMed: 10570919] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT ILE-798. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | D83782 mRNA. Translation: BAA12111.2. Different initiation. AK027402 mRNA. Translation: BAB55088.1. BC020987 mRNA. Translation: AAH20987.1. AK075528 mRNA. Translation: BAC11673.1. Different initiation. |
| IPI | IPI00006280. IPI00290700. IPI00290701. IPI00396357. |
| RefSeq | NP_036367.2. NM_012235.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.531789. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | Q12770. |
| SMR | Q12770. Positions 771-815, 962-1273. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | Q12770. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | Q12770. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 116242783. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | Q12770. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000265565; ENSP00000265565; ENSG00000114650. |
| GeneID | 22937. |
| KEGG | hsa:22937. |
| UCSC | uc003crg.2. human. uc003crh.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 22937. |
| GeneCards | GC03M047430. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0003275. HIX0031165. |
| HGNC | HGNC:30634. SCAP. |
| HPA | HPA004713. |
| MIM | 601510. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_Q12770. |
| PharmGKB | PA162402461. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG10703. |
| GeneTree | ENSGT00390000000003. |
| HOGENOM | HBG402990. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG019538. |
| InParanoid | Q12770. |
| OMA | SIFPPDA. |
| OrthoDB | EOG42Z4PB. |
| PhylomeDB | Q12770. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | Q12770. |
| Bgee | Q12770. |
| CleanEx | HS_SCAP. |
| Genevestigator | Q12770. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000114650. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR000731. SSD. IPR015943. WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom. IPR001680. WD40_repeat. IPR011046. WD40_repeat-like_dom. IPR019775. WD40_repeat_CS. IPR017986. WD40_repeat_dom. [Graphical view] |
| Gene3D | G3DSA:2.130.10.10. WD40/YVTN_repeat-like. 3 hits. |
| Pfam | PF00400. WD40. 4 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00320. WD40. 6 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF50978. WD40_like. 2 hits. |
| PROSITE | PS50156. SSD. 1 hit. PS00678. WD_REPEATS_1. 1 hit. PS50082. WD_REPEATS_2. 1 hit. PS50294. WD_REPEATS_REGION. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| NextBio | 43683. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | SCAP_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: Q12770 Secondary accession number(s): Q8N2E0, Q8WUA1 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 3 Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with