Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q08J23 (NSUN2_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase NSUN2
    EC=2.1.1.29
Alternative name(s):
    NOL1/NOP2/Sun domain family member 2
    tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase
    tRNA methyltransferase 4 homolog
      Short name=hTrm4
    Substrate of AIM1/Aurora kinase B

Gene names

Name:	NSUN2
Synonyms:	SAKI, TRM4

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	767 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	RNA methyltransferase that methylates tRNAs, and possibly RNA polymerase III transcripts. Methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at position 34 of intron-containing tRNA(Leu)(CAA) precursors. Not able to modify tRNAs at positions 48 or 49. May act downstream of Myc to regulate epidermal cell growth and proliferation. Ref.6
Catalytic activity	S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
Subunit structure	Interacts with NPM1 and NCL during interphase; interaction is disrupted following phosphorylation at Ser-139. Ref.1
Subcellular location	Nucleus › nucleolus. Cytoplasm. Note: Concentrated in the nucleolus during interphase and distributed in the perichromosome and cytoplasm during mitosis. Ref.1
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated at Ser-139 by Aurora-B/STK12 during mitosis, leading to abolish methyltransferase activity and the interaction with NPM1. Ref.1 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.12
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family. TRM4 subfamily.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	tRNA processing
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Ligand	RNA-binding S-adenosyl-L-methionine tRNA-binding
Molecular function	Methyltransferase Transferase
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	tRNA methylation Ref.6 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	cytoplasm Ref.6 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB nucleolus Ref.6 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity Ref.6 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB tRNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 767	767	tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase NSUN2		PRO_0000289223
Regions
	Region	184 – 190	7	S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding By similarity
Sites
	Active site	321	1	Nucleophile Potential
	Binding site	215	1	S-adenosyl-L-methionine By similarity
	Binding site	242	1	S-adenosyl-L-methionine By similarity
	Binding site	268	1	S-adenosyl-L-methionine By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	139	1	Phosphoserine; by STK12 Ref.1
	Modified residue	456	1	Phosphoserine Ref.4 Ref.9 Ref.11
	Modified residue	461	1	Phosphothreonine Ref.7
	Modified residue	473	1	Phosphoserine Ref.9
	Modified residue	593	1	Phosphoserine Ref.9 Ref.12
	Modified residue	724	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	743	1	Phosphoserine Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.12
	Modified residue	751	1	Phosphoserine Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.12
Natural variations
	Natural variant	627	1	V → I: dbSNP rs2303708.		VAR_032604
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	139	1	S → A: Induces a constitutive association with NPM1. Ref.1
	Mutagenesis	139	1	S → E: Mimicks constitutive phosphorylation and abolishes methyltransferase activity. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	316	1	M → V in BAA91075. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	594	1	G → D in BAB14762. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	605	1	Q → R in BAF34150. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q08J23-1 [UniParc]. Last modified May 29, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: FE4B34309978A8D2	FASTA	767	86,471
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGRRSRGRRL QQQQRPEDAE DGAEGGGKRG EAGWEGGYPE IVKENKLFEH YYQELKIVPE 70 80 90 100 110 120 GEWGQFMDAL REPLPATLRI TGYKSHAKEI LHCLKNKYFK ELEDLEVDGQ KVEVPQPLSW 130 140 150 160 170 180 YPEELAWHTN LSRKILRKSP HLEKFHQFLV SETESGNISR QEAVSMIPPL LLNVRPHHKI 190 200 210 220 230 240 LDMCAAPGSK TTQLIEMLHA DMNVPFPEGF VIANDVDNKR CYLLVHQAKR LSSPCIMVVN 250 260 270 280 290 300 HDASSIPRLQ IDVDGRKEIL FYDRILCDVP CSGDGTMRKN IDVWKKWTTL NSLQLHGLQL 310 320 330 340 350 360 RIATRGAEQL AEGGRMVYST CSLNPIEDEA VIASLLEKSE GALELADVSN ELPGLKWMPG 370 380 390 400 410 420 ITQWKVMTKD GQWFTDWDAV PHSRHTQIRP TMFPPKDPEK LQAMHLERCL RILPHHQNTG 430 440 450 460 470 480 GFFVAVLVKK SSMPWNKRQP KLQGKSAETR ESTQLSPADL TEGKPTDPSK LESPSFTGTG 490 500 510 520 530 540 DTEIAHATED LENNGSKKDG VCGPPPSKKM KLFGFKEDPF VFIPEDDPLF PPIEKFYALD 550 560 570 580 590 600 PSFPRMNLLT RTTEGKKRQL YMVSKELRNV LLNNSEKMKV INTGIKVWCR NNSGEEFDCA 610 620 630 640 650 660 FRLAQEGIYT LYPFINSRII TVSMEDVKIL LTQENPFFRK LSSETYSQAK DLAKGSIVLK 670 680 690 700 710 720 YEPDSANPDA LQCPIVLCGW RGKASIRTFV PKNERLHYLR MMGLEVLGEK KKEGVILTNE 730 740 750 760 SAASTGQPDN DVTEGQRAGE PNSPDAEEAN SPDVTAGCDP AGVHPPR

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Aurora-B regulates RNA methyltransferase NSUN2." Sakita-Suto S., Kanda A., Suzuki F., Sato S., Takata T., Tatsuka M. Mol. Biol. Cell 18:1107-1117(2007) [PubMed: 17215513] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-139, INTERACTION WITH NPM1 AND NCL, MUTAGENESIS OF SER-139.
[2]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Lung and Placenta.
[3]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 209-767.
[4]	"Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks." Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M. Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed: 17081983] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-456; SER-743 AND SER-751, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium.
[5]	"A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization." Beausoleil S.A., Villen J., Gerber S.A., Rush J., Gygi S.P. Nat. Biotechnol. 24:1285-1292(2006) [PubMed: 16964243] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-743 AND SER-751, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium.
[6]	"Identification of human tRNA:m5C methyltransferase catalysing intron-dependent m5C formation in the first position of the anticodon of the pre-tRNA Leu (CAA)." Brzezicha B., Schmidt M., Makalowska I., Jarmolowski A., Pienkowska J., Szweykowska-Kulinska Z. Nucleic Acids Res. 34:6034-6043(2006) [PubMed: 17071714] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[7]	"Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry." Molina H., Horn D.M., Tang N., Mathivanan S., Pandey A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:2199-2204(2007) [PubMed: 17287340] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-461, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[8]	"Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis." Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed: 18220336] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-743 AND SER-751, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[9]	"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-456; SER-473; SER-593; SER-743 AND SER-751, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[10]	Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[11]	"Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach." Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J., Mohammed S. Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009) [PubMed: 19413330] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-456; SER-743 AND SER-751, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[12]	"Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed: 19690332] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-593; SER-743 AND SER-751, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: T-cell.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AB255451 mRNA. Translation: BAF34150.1. BC001041 mRNA. Translation: AAH01041.3. BC137083 mRNA. Translation: AAI37084.1. AK000310 mRNA. Translation: BAA91075.1. Different initiation. AK023994 mRNA. Translation: BAB14762.1. Different initiation.
IPI	IPI00306369.
RefSeq	NP_060225.4.
UniGene	Hs.481526
3D structure databases
SMR	Q08J23. Positions 58-429.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	Q08J23.
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas	Q08J23.
PRIDE	Q08J23.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000264670; ENSP00000264670; ENSG00000037474; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID	54888.
KEGG	hsa:54888.
NMPDR	fig|9606.3.peg.25032.
UCSC	uc003jdu.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	54888.
GeneCards	GC05M006654.
HGNC	HGNC:25994. NSUN2.
MIM	610916. gene.
PharmGKB	PA134953940.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	prNOG04966.
HOGENOM	HBG315458.
HOVERGEN	Q08J23.
InParanoid	Q08J23.
OMA	TYSQAKD.
OrthoDB	EOG93N9ZP.
PhylomeDB	Q08J23.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	2.1.1.29. 247.
Pathway_Interaction_DB	aurora_b_pathway. Aurora B signaling.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q08J23.
Bgee	Q08J23.
CleanEx	HS_NSUN2.
Genevestigator	Q08J23.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001678. Fmu/NOL1/Nop2p. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF01189. Nol1_Nop2_Fmu. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS01153. NOL1_NOP2_SUN. False negative. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	57879.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

NSUN2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q08J23
Secondary accession number(s): B2RNR4 , Q9BVN4, Q9H858, Q9NXD9

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 29, 2007
Last sequence update:	May 29, 2007
Last modified:	January 19, 2010
This is version 39 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.