Q07105 (GDF9_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Growth/differentiation factor 9
Short name=GDF-9

Gene names

Name:	Gdf9
Synonyms:	Gdf-9

Organism

Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10090 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	441 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Required for ovarian folliculogenesis.
Subunit structure	Homodimer or heterodimer Potential. But, in contrast to other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked.
Subcellular location	Secreted By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Ovary.
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated; phosphorylation is critical for GDF9 function By similarity.
Miscellaneous	Ovarian physiology and fertility are controlled by endocrine and paracrine signals. These act in a species-dependent manner and determine the ovulation quota in different mammalian species. While humans, and mammals such as the cow or red deer, normally ovulate only one egg per cycle, other mammals such as mouse and pig can ovulate in excess of ten per cycle. The mechanisms that regulate the species-specific differences in the number of follicles that go onto ovulate during each reproductive cycle are poorly understood. According to Ref.3, mRNA expression levels of GDF9 and BMP15 are tightly co-regulated within each species and influence species-specific ovulation-rates.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Cytokine Growth factor
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond Glycoprotein Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	negative regulation of cell growth Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17641088. Source: MGI oocyte growth Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17641088. Source: MGI positive regulation of cell proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of progesterone secretion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	extracellular space Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 29	29	Potential
	Propeptide	30 – 306	277	Potential		PRO_0000033982
	Chain	307 – 441	135	Growth/differentiation factor 9		PRO_0000033983
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	163	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	229	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	258	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	325	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	340 ↔ 406		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	369 ↔ 438		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	373 ↔ 440		By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	296	1	I → T in AAA53035. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q07105 [UniParc]. Last modified November 23, 2004. Version 2. Checksum: 43B47ADD41B99C29	FASTA	441	49,649
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MALPSNFLLG VCCFAWLCFL SSLSSQASTE ESQSGASENV ESEADPWSLL LPVDGTDRSG 70 80 90 100 110 120 LLPPLFKVLS DRRGETPKLQ PDSRALYYMK KLYKTYATKE GVPKPSRSHL YNTVRLFSPC 130 140 150 160 170 180 AQQEQAPSNQ VTGPLPMVDL LFNLDRVTAM EHLLKSVLLY TLNNSASSSS TVTCMCDLVV 190 200 210 220 230 240 KEAMSSGRAP PRAPYSFTLK KHRWIEIDVT SLLQPLVTSS ERSIHLSVNF TCTKDQVPED 250 260 270 280 290 300 GVFSMPLSVP PSLILYLNDT STQAYHSWQS LQSTWRPLQH PGQAGVAARP VKEEAIEVER 310 320 330 340 350 360 SPRRRRGQKA IRSEAKGPLL TASFNLSEYF KQFLFPQNEC ELHDFRLSFS QLKWDNWIVA 370 380 390 400 410 420 PHRYNPRYCK GDCPRAVRHR YGSPVHTMVQ NIIYEKLDPS VPRPSCVPGK YSPLSVLTIE 430 440 PDGSIAYKEY EDMIATRCTC R

References

[1]	"GDF-3 and GDF-9: two new members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily containing a novel pattern of cysteines." McPherron A.C., Lee S.-J. J. Biol. Chem. 268:3444-3449(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"Structure of the mouse growth/differentiation factor 9 gene." Incerti B., Dong J., Borsani G., Matzuk M.M. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1222:125-128(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: 129/SvEv.
[3]	"The ratio of growth differentiation factor 9: bone morphogenetic protein 15 mRNA expression is tightly co-regulated and differs between species over a wide range of ovulation rates." Crawford J.L., McNatty K.P. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 348:339-343(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SPECIES-SPECIFIC OVULATION RATE DETERMINATION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	L06444 mRNA. Translation: AAA53035.1. X77112 Genomic DNA. No translation available. X77113 Genomic DNA. No translation available.
IPI	IPI00114441.
PIR	S45284.
RefSeq	NP_032136.2. NM_008110.2.
UniGene	Mm.490461. Mm.9714.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q07105.
SMR	Q07105. Positions 340-441.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	10090.ENSMUSP00000018382.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q07105.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	Q07105.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSMUST00000018382; ENSMUSP00000018382; ENSMUSG00000018238.
GeneID	14566.
KEGG	mmu:14566.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2661.
MGI	MGI:95692. Gdf9.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG261730.
HOGENOM	HOG000073526.
HOVERGEN	HBG004660.
InParanoid	Q07105.
KO	K05498.
OMA	YEDMIAT.
OrthoDB	EOG48WC1X.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q07105.
Bgee	Q07105.
CleanEx	MM_GDF9.
Genevestigator	Q07105.
GermOnline	ENSMUSG00000018238. Mus musculus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR015617. Growth_differentiation_fac-9. IPR001839. TGF-b_C. IPR015615. TGF-beta-rel. IPR017948. TGFb_CS. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11848. PTHR11848. 1 hit. PTHR11848:SF19. PTHR11848:SF19. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00019. TGF_beta. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00204. TGFB. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00250. TGF_BETA_1. 1 hit. PS51362. TGF_BETA_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	GDF9. mouse.
NextBio	286274.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GDF9_MOUSE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q07105

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1994
Last sequence update:	November 23, 2004
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 101 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program