ID   DRTS2_ARATH             Reviewed;         565 AA.
AC   Q05763; Q0WT35;
DT   01-NOV-1995, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   26-JUN-2007, sequence version 2.
DT   16-JUN-2009, entry version 75.
DE   RecName: Full=Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase 2;
DE            Short=DHFR-TS 2;
DE   Includes:
DE     RecName: Full=Dihydrofolate reductase;
DE              EC=1.5.1.3;
DE   Includes:
DE     RecName: Full=Thymidylate synthase;
DE              EC=2.1.1.45;
GN   Name=THY-2; OrderedLocusNames=At4g34570; ORFNames=T4L20.150;
OS   Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliophyta; eudicotyledons; core eudicotyledons;
OC   rosids; eurosids II; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Arabidopsis.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX   MEDLINE=93386189; PubMed=8374616;
RA   Lazar G., Zhang H., Goodman H.M.;
RT   "The origin of the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate
RT   synthase isogenes of Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   Plant J. 3:657-668(1993).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   MEDLINE=20083488; PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA   Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G.,
RA   Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N.,
RA   Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M.,
RA   Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M.,
RA   Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T.,
RA   Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I.,
RA   Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P.,
RA   Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J.,
RA   van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F.,
RA   Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E.,
RA   Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA   Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W.,
RA   Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P.,
RA   Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H.,
RA   De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R.,
RA   van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S.,
RA   Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R.,
RA   Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S.,
RA   Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H.,
RA   Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S.,
RA   Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A.,
RA   Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA   Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R.,
RA   Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S.,
RA   Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E.,
RA   Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A.,
RA   Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T.,
RA   Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C.,
RA   Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S.,
RA   Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K.,
RA   Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L.,
RA   Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J.,
RA   Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J.,
RA   Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D.,
RA   Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA   Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA   Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D.,
RA   Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C.,
RA   Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C.,
RA   Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R.,
RA   Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S.,
RA   Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A.,
RA   Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT   "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis
RT   thaliana.";
RL   Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA   Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A.,
RA   Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y.,
RA   Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K.,
RA   Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J.,
RA   Hayashizaki Y., Shinozaki K.;
RT   "Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs.";
RL   Submitted (JUL-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 48-565.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   MEDLINE=22954850; PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA   Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J.,
RA   Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F.,
RA   Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G.,
RA   Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J.,
RA   Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y.,
RA   Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P.,
RA   Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F.,
RA   Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M.,
RA   Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J.,
RA   Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T.,
RA   Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y.,
RA   Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R.;
RT   "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT   genome.";
RL   Science 302:842-846(2003).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: TS is exclusively involved in de novo dTMP biosynthesis.
CC       DHFR can have two different roles depending on the source of
CC       dihydrofolate: de novo synthesis of tetrahydrofolate or recycling
CC       of the dihydrofolate released as one of the end products of the TS
CC       catalyzed reaction.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + NADP(+) = 7,8-
CC       dihydrofolate + NADPH.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP =
CC       dihydrofolate + dTMP.
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Cofactor biosynthesis; tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis;
CC       tetrahydrofolate from dihydrofolate: step 1/1.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Heterodimer or homodimer (By similarity).
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The reaction catalyzed by this enzyme represents an
CC       essential step for de novo glycine and purine synthesis, DNA
CC       precursor synthesis, and for the conversion of dUMP to dTMP.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the
CC       dihydrofolate reductase family.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the thymidylate
CC       synthase family.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Contains 1 DHFR (dihydrofolate reductase) domain.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=AAA32789.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC       Sequence=CAA18836.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC       Sequence=CAB80174.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
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DR   EMBL; L08594; AAA32789.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AL023094; CAA18836.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AL161585; CAB80174.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AK227728; BAE99713.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BT003159; AAO24591.1; -; mRNA.
DR   IPI; IPI00526255; -.
DR   PIR; T05277; T05277.
DR   RefSeq; NP_195183.2; -.
DR   UniGene; At.31491; -.
DR   HSSP; P04818; 1HW4.
DR   GeneID; 829609; -.
DR   GenomeReviews; CT486007_GR; AT4G34570.
DR   KEGG; ath:AT4G34570; -.
DR   NMPDR; fig|3702.1.peg.21530; -.
DR   TAIR; At4g34570; -.
DR   OMA; Q05763; WESIPKK.
DR   BRENDA; 1.5.1.3; 302.
DR   BRENDA; 2.1.1.45; 302.
DR   ArrayExpress; Q05763; -.
DR   GermOnline; AT4G34570; Arabidopsis thaliana.
DR   GO; GO:0004146; F:dihydrofolate reductase activity; IEA:EC.
DR   GO; GO:0004799; F:thymidylate synthase activity; IEA:EC.
DR   GO; GO:0006231; P:dTMP biosynthetic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0006545; P:glycine biosynthetic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0006730; P:one-carbon compound metabolic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0055114; P:oxidation reduction; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR012262; DHFR-TS.
DR   InterPro; IPR001796; DHFR_reg.
DR   InterPro; IPR017925; Dihydrofolate_reductase_CS.
DR   InterPro; IPR000398; Thymidylat_synth_C.
DR   Gene3D; G3DSA:3.30.572.10; Thymidylat_synth_C; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11549:SF2; Thymidylat_synth_C; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00186; DHFR_1; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00303; Thymidylat_synt; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF000389; DHFR-TS; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00108; THYMDSNTHASE.
DR   ProDom; PD001180; Thymidylat_synth; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR03284; thym_sym; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00075; DHFR_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51330; DHFR_2; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00091; THYMIDYLATE_SYNTHASE; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Complete proteome; Methyltransferase; Multifunctional enzyme; NADP;
KW   Nucleotide biosynthesis; One-carbon metabolism; Oxidoreductase;
KW   Transferase.
FT   CHAIN         1    565       Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-
FT                                thymidylate synthase 2.
FT                                /FTId=PRO_0000186356.
FT   DOMAIN       65    242       DHFR.
FT   REGION      245    280       Hinge.
FT   REGION      281    565       Thymidylate synthase.
FT   ACT_SITE    447    447       By similarity.
SQ   SEQUENCE   565 AA;  63209 MW;  C442A1402A591DD9 CRC64;
     MRCLQNSAKT LPLAFKSALL PLSQRWFCKF SPKPSSLTNI FKVSISTMAN TLNGNVIMTS
     KPQSTYQVVV AATKEMGIGK DGKLPWNLPT DLKFFKDLTL STSDSAKKNA VVMGRKTWES
     IPKKYRPLSG RLNVVLSRSS GFDIANTENV VTCSSIDSAL DLLAAPPFSL SIEKVFVIGG
     GDILREALNK PSCEAIHITE IDTSIDCDTF IPTVDTSAYQ PWCSSFPICE NGLRFSFTTH
     VRVKSSSAGE ASDESDGSKV LQVDWKKFSS VLPKMIFDRH EEYLYLNLVK EIISNGNLKD
     DRTGTGTLSK FGCQMKFNLR RNFPLLTTKR VFWRGVVEEL LWFISGSTNA KVLQEKGIRI
     WDGNASRAYL DGIGLTEREE GDLGPVYGFQ WRHFGAKYTD MHADYTGQGF DQLLDVINKI
     KNNPDDRRII MSAWNPSDLK LMALPPCHMF AQFYVANGEL SCQMYQRSAD MGLGVPFNIA
     SYSLLTCILA HVCDLVPGDF IHVIGDAHVY KNHVRPLQEQ LENPPKPFPV LKINPEKKDI
     DSFVADDFEL IGYDPHKKID MKMAV
//