Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q05145 (MDHP_MESCR)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Malate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic
    EC=1.1.1.82
Alternative name(s):
    NADP-MDH

Gene names

Name:

MDH1

Organism

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (Common ice plant)

Taxonomic identifier

3544 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › Caryophyllales › Aizoaceae › Mesembryanthemum

Protein attributes

Sequence length	441 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	The chloroplastic, NADP-dependent form is essential for the photosynthesis C4 cycle, which allows plants to circumvent the problem of photorespiration. In C4 plants, NADP-MDH activity acts to convert oxaloacetate to malate in chloroplasts of mesophyll cells for transport to the bundle sheath cells.
Catalytic activity	(S)-malate + NADP(+) = oxaloacetate + NADPH.
Enzyme regulation	Chloroplast NADP-MDH is activated upon illumination. In order to be enzymatically active, disulfides bridges on the protein must be reduced by thioredoxin which receives electrons from ferredoxin and the electron transport system of photosynthesis.
Subunit structure	Homodimer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast.
Induction	Expression decreases transiently in the leaves after salt stress and then increases to levels greater than two-fold higher than in unstressed plants.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. MDH type 2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	NADP
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	carbohydrate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro malate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 51	51	Chloroplast Potential
	Chain	52 – 441	390	Malate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic		PRO_0000018645
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	104 – 110	7	NADP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	222 – 224	3	NADP By similarity
Sites
	Active site	280	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Binding site	185	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	191	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	198	1	NADP By similarity
	Binding site	205	1	NAD By similarity
	Binding site	224	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	255	1	Substrate By similarity
	Site	75	1	Activation of NADP-MDH By similarity
	Site	80	1	Activation of NADP-MDH By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	75 ↔ 80		In oxidized inactive NAD-MDH By similarity
	Disulfide bond	416 ↔ 428		In oxidized inactive NAD-MDH By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q05145-1 [UniParc]. Last modified February 1, 1994. Version 1. Checksum: 77AFB169F1488FA7	FASTA	441	48,004
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAVAELSPSY KTQLKTCQQL SSSLSTRLSD HRKFSLRLLP RPVSVRGGIR CSVAPNQVQA 70 80 90 100 110 120 PVAVPAEGQT GKPECYGIFC LTYDLKAEEE TKTWKKMITI AVSGAAGMIS NHLLFKLASG 130 140 150 160 170 180 EVFGPDQPIA LKLLGSERSF NALEGVAMEL EDSLYPLLRA VSIGIDPYDI FQDAEWALLI 190 200 210 220 230 240 GAKPRGPGME RADLLDINGQ IFAEQGKALN AVASRNVKVI VVGNPCNTNA LICLKNAPNI 250 260 270 280 290 300 PAKNFHGLTR LDENRAKCQL ALKAGVFYDK VSNMTIWGNH STTQVPDFLN AKIDGLPVKT 310 320 330 340 350 360 VIKDHKWLEE EFTVMIQKRG GALIQKWGRS SAASTAVSIA DAIKSLVTPT PEGDWFSSAV 370 380 390 400 410 420 YTNGNPYGIA EDLVFSMPCR SKGDGDYELV KDVVFDDYLR QRIKKSEEEL LAEKRCTAHL 430 440 TGEGVAVCDL PAGDTMLPGE M

References

[1]	"Molecular cloning and expression of chloroplast NADP-malate dehydrogenase during Crassulacean acid metabolism induction by salt stress." Cushman J.C. Photosyn. Res. 35:15-27(1993) Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Leaf and Root.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X63727 mRNA. Translation: CAA45270.1.
PIR	S33066.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1CIV based on UniProtKB P46489.
SMR	Q05145. Positions 72-438.
ModBase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001236. Lactate/malate_DHase. IPR015955. Lactate_DHase/Glyco_Ohase_4_C. IPR001252. Malate_DHase_AS. IPR011273. Malate_DHase_NADP-dep_pln. IPR010945. Malate_DHase_SF1. IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.90.110.10. lact_mal_DH. 1 hit. G3DSA:3.40.50.720. NAD(P)-bd. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR23382. MDH_SF1. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF02866. Ldh_1_C. 1 hit. PF00056. Ldh_1_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProDom	PD003052. Mal_dehydrog. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01757. Malate-DH_plant. 1 hit. TIGR01759. MalateDH-SF1. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00068. MDH. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

MDHP_MESCR

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q05145

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 1, 1994
Last sequence update:	February 1, 1994
Last modified:	November 25, 2008
This is version 69 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)