Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q04499 (PROD_DROME)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Proline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
    EC=1.5.99.8
Alternative name(s):
    Proline oxidase
    Protein sluggish-A

Gene names

Name:	slgA
Synonyms:	slg
ORF Names:	CG1417

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	681 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. Ref.1
Catalytic activity	L-proline + acceptor = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + reduced acceptor.
Cofactor	FAD.
Pathway	Amino-acid degradation; L-proline degradation into L-glutamate; L-glutamate from L-proline: step 1/2.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion matrix. Ref.1
Tissue specificity	Most abundant in developing nervous system. Ref.1
Developmental stage	Expressed in developing embryo as well as in adult. Ref.1
Disruption phenotype	Flies exhibit reduced proline oxidase activity which produces sluggish behavior. Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the proline oxidase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Proline metabolism
Cellular component	Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	FAD Flavoprotein
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	glutamate biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW phototaxis Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: FlyBase proline catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	mitochondrial matrix Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	proline dehydrogenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
	Q9W2I6	1	EBI-197717,EBI-146309
CG3403	Q9V9B4	1	EBI-197717,EBI-157547
CG6608	Q9VGU9	1	EBI-197717,EBI-190238

Alternative products

This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform D (identifier: Q04499-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Isoform A (identifier: Q04499-2)

Also known as: F;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     158-192: LARNLLGQKLFVLLMKSSFYGHFVAGENRHTIVPA → WSKNVLGQRLFTLLMKATFYGHFVAGEDQIKIIPT
     285-296: Missing.

Isoform B (identifier: Q04499-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     285-296: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Isoform C (identifier: Q04499-4)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-325: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Isoform E (identifier: Q04499-5)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     158-192: LARNLLGQKLFVLLMKSSFYGHFVAGENRHTIVPA → WSKNVLGQRLFTLLMKATFYGHFVAGEDQIKIIPT

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 30	30	Mitochondrion Potential
	Chain	31 – 681	651	Proline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial		PRO_0000025803
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 325	325	Missing in isoform C.		VSP_015400
	Alternative sequence	158 – 192	35	LARNL…TIVPA → WSKNVLGQRLFTLLMKATFY GHFVAGEDQIKIIPT in isoform A and isoform E.		VSP_015401
	Alternative sequence	285 – 296	12	Missing in isoform A and isoform B.		VSP_015402
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	42	1	S → N in AAA02748. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	147	1	K → N in AAA02748. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	149	1	V → F in AAC28410. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform D [UniParc]. Last modified August 30, 2005. Version 2. Checksum: 2AB69ABB67D83FF8	FASTA	681	77,153
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MALLRSLSAQ RTAISLVYGR NSSKSSNSVA VAACRSFHQR GSGSTSIAGE GAASESTRGV 70 80 90 100 110 120 NGARFLHSGD RPLQASTLVQ PEVVSSETVK RSMKQESSQE KNPSPAGSPQ RDPLDVSFND 130 140 150 160 170 180 PIAAFKSKTT GELIRAYLVY MICSSEKLVE HNMTLMKLAR NLLGQKLFVL LMKSSFYGHF 190 200 210 220 230 240 VAGENRHTIV PALERLRSFG VKPILDYSVE EDITQEEAEK REVESSVSSA GDKKEEGSMP 250 260 270 280 290 300 QYHVDKSFAD RRYKVSSART YFYLNEATCE RNMEIFIKCL EAVSDDDRKA PRAVATGATF 310 320 330 340 350 360 GTGITAIKLT ALGRPQLLLQ LSEVIMRTRK YMEDMVGGQG NVLTHHKTIK DLEKYYATLG 370 380 390 400 410 420 DNKDVKEFLN NVTSDKEGIL HLFPWSGIVD EDSQLSDTFR VPDPQTGQMR RLISQIPPKE 430 440 450 460 470 480 EEMFRNMIRR LNTIVKAAAD LDVRIMVDAE QTYFQPAISR ITLEMMRKYN KDKAIVFNTY 490 500 510 520 530 540 QCYLRETFRE VNTDLEQAKR QNFYFGAKLV RGAYMDQERD RAKSLGYPDP VNPTFEATTD 550 560 570 580 590 600 MYHRTLSECL RRIKLMKDCD DDARKIGIMV ASHNEDTVRF AIQQMKEIGI SPEDKVICFG 610 620 630 640 650 660 QLLGMCDYIT FPLGQAGYSA YKYIPYGPVE EVLPYLSRRA QENKGVLKKI KKEKRLLLSE 670 680 IRRRLMRGQL FYKPKGNYVP I
	Isoform A (F). Checksum: 89C68093DF0D82EE	FASTA	669	75,952
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MALLRSLSAQ RTAISLVYGR NSSKSSNSVA VAACRSFHQR GSGSTSIAGE GAASESTRGV 70 80 90 100 110 120 NGARFLHSGD RPLQASTLVQ PEVVSSETVK RSMKQESSQE KNPSPAGSPQ RDPLDVSFND 130 140 150 160 170 180 PIAAFKSKTT GELIRAYLVY MICSSEKLVE HNMTLMKWSK NVLGQRLFTL LMKATFYGHF 190 200 210 220 230 240 VAGEDQIKII PTLERLRSFG VKPILDYSVE EDITQEEAEK REVESSVSSA GDKKEEGSMP 250 260 270 280 290 300 QYHVDKSFAD RRYKVSSART YFYLNEATCE RNMEIFIKCL EAVSGATFGT GITAIKLTAL 310 320 330 340 350 360 GRPQLLLQLS EVIMRTRKYM EDMVGGQGNV LTHHKTIKDL EKYYATLGDN KDVKEFLNNV 370 380 390 400 410 420 TSDKEGILHL FPWSGIVDED SQLSDTFRVP DPQTGQMRRL ISQIPPKEEE MFRNMIRRLN 430 440 450 460 470 480 TIVKAAADLD VRIMVDAEQT YFQPAISRIT LEMMRKYNKD KAIVFNTYQC YLRETFREVN 490 500 510 520 530 540 TDLEQAKRQN FYFGAKLVRG AYMDQERDRA KSLGYPDPVN PTFEATTDMY HRTLSECLRR 550 560 570 580 590 600 IKLMKDCDDD ARKIGIMVAS HNEDTVRFAI QQMKEIGISP EDKVICFGQL LGMCDYITFP 610 620 630 640 650 660 LGQAGYSAYK YIPYGPVEEV LPYLSRRAQE NKGVLKKIKK EKRLLLSEIR RRLMRGQLFY KPKGNYVPI
	Isoform B. Checksum: 976800739C0839CC	FASTA	669	75,857
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MALLRSLSAQ RTAISLVYGR NSSKSSNSVA VAACRSFHQR GSGSTSIAGE GAASESTRGV 70 80 90 100 110 120 NGARFLHSGD RPLQASTLVQ PEVVSSETVK RSMKQESSQE KNPSPAGSPQ RDPLDVSFND 130 140 150 160 170 180 PIAAFKSKTT GELIRAYLVY MICSSEKLVE HNMTLMKLAR NLLGQKLFVL LMKSSFYGHF 190 200 210 220 230 240 VAGENRHTIV PALERLRSFG VKPILDYSVE EDITQEEAEK REVESSVSSA GDKKEEGSMP 250 260 270 280 290 300 QYHVDKSFAD RRYKVSSART YFYLNEATCE RNMEIFIKCL EAVSGATFGT GITAIKLTAL 310 320 330 340 350 360 GRPQLLLQLS EVIMRTRKYM EDMVGGQGNV LTHHKTIKDL EKYYATLGDN KDVKEFLNNV 370 380 390 400 410 420 TSDKEGILHL FPWSGIVDED SQLSDTFRVP DPQTGQMRRL ISQIPPKEEE MFRNMIRRLN 430 440 450 460 470 480 TIVKAAADLD VRIMVDAEQT YFQPAISRIT LEMMRKYNKD KAIVFNTYQC YLRETFREVN 490 500 510 520 530 540 TDLEQAKRQN FYFGAKLVRG AYMDQERDRA KSLGYPDPVN PTFEATTDMY HRTLSECLRR 550 560 570 580 590 600 IKLMKDCDDD ARKIGIMVAS HNEDTVRFAI QQMKEIGISP EDKVICFGQL LGMCDYITFP 610 620 630 640 650 660 LGQAGYSAYK YIPYGPVEEV LPYLSRRAQE NKGVLKKIKK EKRLLLSEIR RRLMRGQLFY KPKGNYVPI
	Isoform C. Checksum: F1A5FF82FD03142C	FASTA	356	41,558
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRTRKYMEDM VGGQGNVLTH HKTIKDLEKY YATLGDNKDV KEFLNNVTSD KEGILHLFPW 70 80 90 100 110 120 SGIVDEDSQL SDTFRVPDPQ TGQMRRLISQ IPPKEEEMFR NMIRRLNTIV KAAADLDVRI 130 140 150 160 170 180 MVDAEQTYFQ PAISRITLEM MRKYNKDKAI VFNTYQCYLR ETFREVNTDL EQAKRQNFYF 190 200 210 220 230 240 GAKLVRGAYM DQERDRAKSL GYPDPVNPTF EATTDMYHRT LSECLRRIKL MKDCDDDARK 250 260 270 280 290 300 IGIMVASHNE DTVRFAIQQM KEIGISPEDK VICFGQLLGM CDYITFPLGQ AGYSAYKYIP 310 320 330 340 350 YGPVEEVLPY LSRRAQENKG VLKKIKKEKR LLLSEIRRRL MRGQLFYKPK GNYVPI
	Isoform E. Checksum: 783D5C065E1EC77A	FASTA	681	77,248
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MALLRSLSAQ RTAISLVYGR NSSKSSNSVA VAACRSFHQR GSGSTSIAGE GAASESTRGV 70 80 90 100 110 120 NGARFLHSGD RPLQASTLVQ PEVVSSETVK RSMKQESSQE KNPSPAGSPQ RDPLDVSFND 130 140 150 160 170 180 PIAAFKSKTT GELIRAYLVY MICSSEKLVE HNMTLMKWSK NVLGQRLFTL LMKATFYGHF 190 200 210 220 230 240 VAGEDQIKII PTLERLRSFG VKPILDYSVE EDITQEEAEK REVESSVSSA GDKKEEGSMP 250 260 270 280 290 300 QYHVDKSFAD RRYKVSSART YFYLNEATCE RNMEIFIKCL EAVSDDDRKA PRAVATGATF 310 320 330 340 350 360 GTGITAIKLT ALGRPQLLLQ LSEVIMRTRK YMEDMVGGQG NVLTHHKTIK DLEKYYATLG 370 380 390 400 410 420 DNKDVKEFLN NVTSDKEGIL HLFPWSGIVD EDSQLSDTFR VPDPQTGQMR RLISQIPPKE 430 440 450 460 470 480 EEMFRNMIRR LNTIVKAAAD LDVRIMVDAE QTYFQPAISR ITLEMMRKYN KDKAIVFNTY 490 500 510 520 530 540 QCYLRETFRE VNTDLEQAKR QNFYFGAKLV RGAYMDQERD RAKSLGYPDP VNPTFEATTD 550 560 570 580 590 600 MYHRTLSECL RRIKLMKDCD DDARKIGIMV ASHNEDTVRF AIQQMKEIGI SPEDKVICFG 610 620 630 640 650 660 QLLGMCDYIT FPLGQAGYSA YKYIPYGPVE EVLPYLSRRA QENKGVLKKI KKEKRLLLSE 670 680 IRRRLMRGQL FYKPKGNYVP I

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The sluggish-A gene of Drosophila melanogaster is expressed in the nervous system and encodes proline oxidase, a mitochondrial enzyme involved in glutamate biosynthesis." Hayward D.C., Delaney S.J., Campbell H.D., Ghysen A., Benzer S., Kasprzak A.B., Cotsell J.N., Young I.G., Miklos G.L.G. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:2979-2983(1993) [PubMed: 8096642] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM A), FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. Strain: Canton-S.
[2]	"Data transferability from model organisms to human beings: insights from the functional genomics of the flightless region of Drosophila." Maleszka R., de Couet H.G., Miklos G.L.G. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:3731-3736(1998) [PubMed: 9520435] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORM A). Strain: Canton-S.
[3]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[4]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION, ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.
[5]	"A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource." Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A., Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002) [PubMed: 12537569] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM A). Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Embryo.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	L07330 mRNA. Translation: AAA02748.1. AF017777 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC28410.1. AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF50814.2. AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF50819.2. AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF50820.2. AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF50821.1. AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF50822.3. AY069407 mRNA. Translation: AAL39552.1.
PIR	A47302.
RefSeq	NP_523433.2. NP_728422.1. NP_728423.1. NP_728424.1. NP_728425.1. NP_996526.1. NP_996527.1. NP_996528.1.
UniGene	Dm.6612
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q04499. 20 interactions.
STRING	Q04499.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	FBtr0077204; FBpp0076903; FBgn0003423; Drosophila melanogaster. [Genome view]
GeneID	33117.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG1417.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	33117.
FlyBase	FBgn0003423. slgA.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	MESCTSA.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.5.99.8. 48.
Gene expression databases
Bgee	Q04499.
GermOnline	CG1417. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002872. Proline_DH. IPR015659. Proline_oxidase. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR13914. Proline_oxidase. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01619. Pro_dh. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	781979.

Entry information

Entry name

PROD_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q04499
Secondary accession number(s): O61349 , Q8IQ45, Q8IQ46, Q8T0C7, Q9VRH7, Q9VRH8, Q9VRH9, Q9VRI2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1993
Last sequence update:	August 30, 2005
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 75 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Drosophila annotation project