Q03113 (GNA12_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12
Short name=G alpha-12
Short name=G-protein subunit alpha-12

Gene names

Name:

GNA12

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	381 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems.
Subunit structure	G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site. Interacts with UBXD5. Ref.6
Subcellular location	Membrane; Lipid-anchor.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(12) subfamily.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Ligand	GTP-binding Magnesium Metal-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Transducer
PTM	Lipoprotein Palmitate Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	Rho protein signal transduction Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome cell differentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara embryonic digit morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara in utero embryonic development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara intracellular protein kinase cascade Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara platelet activation Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome regulation of cell shape Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to drug Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	brush border membrane Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome heterotrimeric G-protein complex Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome
Molecular_function	D5 dopamine receptor binding Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome GTP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW GTPase activity Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome metal ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW signal transducer activity Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. Source: RefGenome
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 381	381	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12		PRO_0000203770
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	64 – 71	8	GTP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	202 – 208	7	GTP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	227 – 231	5	GTP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	296 – 299	4	GTP By similarity
Sites
	Metal binding	71	1	Magnesium By similarity
	Metal binding	208	1	Magnesium By similarity
	Binding site	353	1	GTP; via amide nitrogen By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	40	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Lipidation	11	1	S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	242	1	F → L. Corresponds to variant rs45606633 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_049359
	Natural variant	330	1	Y → H. Corresponds to variant rs45583847 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_049360
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	126	1	K → E in AAM12615. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	323	1	R → Q in AAA35867. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q03113 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 4. Checksum: 04C3F12B29255F89	FASTA	381	44,279
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSGVVRTLSR CLLPAEAGGA RERRAGSGAR DAEREARRRS RDIDALLARE RRAVRRLVKI 70 80 90 100 110 120 LLLGAGESGK STFLKQMRII HGREFDQKAL LEFRDTIFDN ILKGSRVLVD ARDKLGIPWQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 YSENEKHGMF LMAFENKAGL PVEPATFQLY VPALSALWRD SGIREAFSRR SEFQLGESVK 190 200 210 220 230 240 YFLDNLDRIG QLNYFPSKQD ILLARKATKG IVEHDFVIKK IPFKMVDVGG QRSQRQKWFQ 250 260 270 280 290 300 CFDGITSILF MVSSSEYDQV LMEDRRTNRL VESMNIFETI VNNKLFFNVS IILFLNKMDL 310 320 330 340 350 360 LVEKVKTVSI KKHFPDFRGD PHRLEDVQRY LVQCFDRKRR NRSKPLFHHF TTAIDTENVR 370 380 FVFHAVKDTI LQENLKDIML Q

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Expression cDNA cloning of a transforming gene encoding the wild-type G alpha 12 gene product." Chan A.M.-L., Fleming T.P., McGovern E.S., Chedid M., Miki T., Aaronson S.A. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:762-768(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org)." Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[3]	"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7." Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L. , Nash W.E., Cordes M., Du H., Sun H., Edwards J., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Andrews S., Isak A., Vanbrunt A., Nguyen C., Du F., Lamar B., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P., Bielicki L., Scott K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Harris A., Strong C.M., Hou S., Tomlinson C., Dauphin-Kohlberg S., Kozlowicz-Reilly A., Leonard S., Rohlfing T., Rock S.M., Tin-Wollam A.-M., Abbott A., Minx P., Maupin R., Strowmatt C., Latreille P., Miller N., Johnson D., Murray J., Woessner J.P., Wendl M.C., Yang S.-P., Schultz B.R., Wallis J.W., Spieth J., Bieri T.A., Nelson J.O., Berkowicz N., Wohldmann P.E., Cook L.L., Hickenbotham M.T., Eldred J., Williams D., Bedell J.A., Mardis E.R., Clifton S.W., Chissoe S.L., Marra M.A., Raymond C., Haugen E., Gillett W., Zhou Y., James R., Phelps K., Iadanoto S., Bubb K., Simms E., Levy R., Clendenning J., Kaul R., Kent W.J., Furey T.S., Baertsch R.A., Brent M.R., Keibler E., Flicek P., Bork P., Suyama M., Bailey J.A., Portnoy M.E., Torrents D., Chinwalla A.T., Gish W.R., Eddy S.R., McPherson J.D., Olson M.V., Eichler E.E., Green E.D., Waterston R.H., Wilson R.K. Nature 424:157-164(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology." Scherer S.W., Cheung J., MacDonald J.R., Osborne L.R., Nakabayashi K., Herbrick J.-A., Carson A.R., Parker-Katiraee L., Skaug J., Khaja R., Zhang J., Hudek A.K., Li M., Haddad M., Duggan G.E., Fernandez B.A., Kanematsu E., Gentles S. , Christopoulos C.C., Choufani S., Kwasnicka D., Zheng X.H., Lai Z., Nusskern D.R., Zhang Q., Gu Z., Lu F., Zeesman S., Nowaczyk M.J., Teshima I., Chitayat D., Shuman C., Weksberg R., Zackai E.H., Grebe T.A., Cox S.R., Kirkpatrick S.J., Rahman N., Friedman J.M., Heng H.H.Q., Pelicci P.G., Lo-Coco F., Belloni E., Shaffer L.G., Pober B., Morton C.C., Gusella J.F., Bruns G.A.P., Korf B.R., Quade B.J., Ligon A.H., Ferguson H., Higgins A.W., Leach N.T., Herrick S.R., Lemyre E., Farra C.G., Kim H.-G., Summers A.M., Gripp K.W., Roberts W., Szatmari P., Winsor E.J.T., Grzeschik K.-H., Teebi A., Minassian B.A., Kere J., Armengol L., Pujana M.A., Estivill X., Wilson M.D., Koop B.F., Tosi S., Moore G.E., Boright A.P., Zlotorynski E., Kerem B., Kroisel P.M., Petek E., Oscier D.G., Mould S.J., Doehner H., Doehner K., Rommens J.M., Vincent J.B., Venter J.C., Li P.W., Mural R.J., Adams M.D., Tsui L.-C. Science 300:767-772(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[6]	"Socius, a novel binding partner of Galpha12/13, promotes the Galpha12-induced RhoA activation." Tateiwa K., Katoh H., Negishi M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 337:615-620(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH UBXD5.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	L01694 mRNA. Translation: AAA35867.1. AF493901 mRNA. Translation: AAM12615.1. AC006028 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAP21870.1. AC004933 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD05026.1. CH236953 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAL23961.1. BC111464 mRNA. Translation: AAI11465.1.
IPI	IPI00328744.
PIR	A48071.
RefSeq	NP_031379.2. NM_007353.2.
UniGene	Hs.487341.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q03113.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q03113. 2 interactions.
MINT	MINT-85969.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000275364.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q03113.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	38258934.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q03113.
PRIDE	Q03113.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000275364; ENSP00000275364; ENSG00000146535.
GeneID	2768.
KEGG	hsa:2768.
UCSC	uc003smu.3. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2768.
GeneCards	GC07M002767.
HGNC	HGNC:4380. GNA12.
HPA	CAB010046.
MIM	604394. gene.
neXtProt	NX_Q03113.
PharmGKB	PA28765.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG279688.
HOGENOM	HOG000038729.
HOVERGEN	HBG063184.
InParanoid	Q03113.
KO	K04346.
OMA	RDTIYEN.
OrthoDB	EOG4XPQG7.
PhylomeDB	Q03113.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Pathway_Interaction_DB	endothelinpathway. Endothelins. lysophospholipid_pathway. LPA receptor mediated events. s1p_s1p2_pathway. S1P2 pathway. s1p_s1p3_pathway. S1P3 pathway. s1p_s1p4_pathway. S1P4 pathway. s1p_s1p5_pathway. S1P5 pathway. s1p_meta_pathway. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) pathway. txa2pathway. Thromboxane A2 receptor signaling.
Reactome	REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_604. Hemostasis.
SignaLink	Q03113.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q03113.
Bgee	Q03113.
CleanEx	HS_GNA12.
Genevestigator	Q03113.
GermOnline	ENSG00000146535. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.10.400.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR000469. Gprotein_alpha_12. IPR001019. Gprotein_alpha_su. IPR011025. GproteinA_insert. IPR027417. P-loop_NTPase. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR10218. PTHR10218. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00503. G-alpha. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00318. GPROTEINA. PR00440. GPROTEINA12.
SMART	SM00275. G_alpha. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF52540. SSF52540. 1 hit. SSF47895. Transducn_insert. 1 hit.
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	GNA12. human.
GenomeRNAi	2768.
NextBio	10888.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GNA12_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q03113
Secondary accession number(s): A4D204 , Q2T9L1, Q86UM8, Q8TD71, Q9UDU9

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1993
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 126 of the entry and version 4 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.