ID IRF8_HUMAN Reviewed; 426 AA. AC Q02556; A0AV82; DT 01-JUL-1993, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 15-JUL-1999, sequence version 2. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 198. DE RecName: Full=Interferon regulatory factor 8 {ECO:0000305}; DE Short=IRF-8; DE AltName: Full=Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein {ECO:0000303|PubMed:1460054}; DE Short=H-ICSBP {ECO:0000303|PubMed:1460054}; DE Short=ICSBP {ECO:0000303|PubMed:1460054}; GN Name=IRF8 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:21524210, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:5358}; GN Synonyms=ICSBP1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:1460054}; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION BY IFNG. RC TISSUE=Lung, and Monocyte; RX PubMed=1460054; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(19)74081-2; RA Weisz A., Marx P., Sharf R., Appella E., Driggers P.H., Ozato K., RA Levi B.-Z.; RT "Human interferon consensus sequence binding protein is a negative RT regulator of enhancer elements common to interferon-inducible genes."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 267:25589-25596(1992). RN [2] RP SEQUENCE REVISION. RA Schmidt M.; RL Submitted (JUL-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Brain; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [4] RP INTERACTION WITH COPS2. RX PubMed=10991940; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m004900200; RA Cohen H., Azriel A., Cohen T., Meraro D., Hashmueli S., Bech-Otschir D., RA Kraft R., Dubiel W., Levi B.Z.; RT "Interaction between interferon consensus sequence-binding protein and RT COP9/signalosome subunit CSN2 (Trip15). A possible link between interferon RT regulatory factor signaling and the COP9/signalosome."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 275:39081-39089(2000). RN [5] RP INDUCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=23166356; DOI=10.1084/jem.20121387; RA Basso K., Schneider C., Shen Q., Holmes A.B., Setty M., Leslie C., RA Dalla-Favera R.; RT "BCL6 positively regulates AID and germinal center gene expression via RT repression of miR-155."; RL J. Exp. Med. 209:2455-2465(2012). RN [6] RP VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] LYS-81 AND THR-197. RX PubMed=16959974; DOI=10.1126/science.1133427; RA Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D., RA Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S., Buckhaults P., RA Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J., Dawson D., Willson J.K.V., RA Gazdar A.F., Hartigan J., Wu L., Liu C., Parmigiani G., Park B.H., RA Bachman K.E., Papadopoulos N., Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W., RA Velculescu V.E.; RT "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers."; RL Science 314:268-274(2006). RN [7] RP VARIANT IMD32A ALA-80, VARIANT IMD32B GLU-108, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT RP IMD32A ALA-80, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT IMD32B GLU-108, INVOLVEMENT IN RP IMD32A, AND INVOLVEMENT IN IMD32B. RX PubMed=21524210; DOI=10.1056/nejmoa1100066; RA Hambleton S., Salem S., Bustamante J., Bigley V., Boisson-Dupuis S., RA Azevedo J., Fortin A., Haniffa M., Ceron-Gutierrez L., Bacon C.M., RA Menon G., Trouillet C., McDonald D., Carey P., Ginhoux F., Alsina L., RA Zumwalt T.J., Kong X.F., Kumararatne D., Butler K., Hubeau M., Feinberg J., RA Al-Muhsen S., Cant A., Abel L., Chaussabel D., Doffinger R., Talesnik E., RA Grumach A., Duarte A., Abarca K., Moraes-Vasconcelos D., Burk D., RA Berghuis A., Geissmann F., Collin M., Casanova J.L., Gros P.; RT "IRF8 mutations and human dendritic-cell immunodeficiency."; RL N. Engl. J. Med. 365:127-138(2011). RN [8] RP CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT IMD32B GLU-108, FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, RP UBIQUITINATION, DESUMOYLATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-108. RX PubMed=25122610; DOI=10.1182/blood-2014-04-570879; RA Salem S., Langlais D., Lefebvre F., Bourque G., Bigley V., Haniffa M., RA Casanova J.L., Burk D., Berghuis A., Butler K.M., Leahy T.R., Hambleton S., RA Gros P.; RT "Functional characterization of the human dendritic cell immunodeficiency RT associated with the IRF8(K108E) mutation."; RL Blood 124:1894-1904(2014). RN [9] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=29434592; DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2018.00062; RA Agod Z., Pazmandi K., Bencze D., Vereb G., Biro T., Szabo A., RA Rajnavolgyi E., Bacsi A., Engel P., Lanyi A.; RT "Signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family 5 enhances autophagy and RT fine-tunes cytokine response in monocyte-derived dendritic cells via RT stabilization of interferon regulatory factor 8."; RL Front. Immunol. 9:62-62(2018). RN [10] RP INTERACTION WITH SPI1. RX PubMed=33951726; DOI=10.1084/jem.20201750; RA Le Coz C., Nguyen D.N., Su C., Nolan B.E., Albrecht A.V., Xhani S., Sun D., RA Demaree B., Pillarisetti P., Khanna C., Wright F., Chen P.A., Yoon S., RA Stiegler A.L., Maurer K., Garifallou J.P., Rymaszewski A., Kroft S.H., RA Olson T.S., Seif A.E., Wertheim G., Grant S.F.A., Vo L.T., Puck J.M., RA Sullivan K.E., Routes J.M., Zakharova V., Shcherbina A., Mukhina A., RA Rudy N.L., Hurst A.C.E., Atkinson T.P., Boggon T.J., Hakonarson H., RA Abate A.R., Hajjar J., Nicholas S.K., Lupski J.R., Verbsky J., Chinn I.K., RA Gonzalez M.V., Wells A.D., Marson A., Poon G.M.K., Romberg N.; RT "Constrained chromatin accessibility in PU.1-mutated agammaglobulinemia RT patients."; RL J. Exp. Med. 218:0-0(2021). CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor that specifically binds to the upstream CC regulatory region of type I interferon (IFN) and IFN-inducible MHC CC class I genes (the interferon consensus sequence (ICS)) CC (PubMed:25122610). Can both act as a transcriptional activator or CC repressor (By similarity). Plays a negative regulatory role in cells of CC the immune system (By similarity). Involved in CD8(+) dendritic cell CC differentiation by forming a complex with the BATF-JUNB heterodimer in CC immune cells, leading to recognition of AICE sequence (5'-TGAnTCA/GAAA- CC 3'), an immune-specific regulatory element, followed by cooperative CC binding of BATF and IRF8 and activation of genes (By similarity). CC Required for the development of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), CC which produce most of the type I IFN in response to viral infection (By CC similarity). Positively regulates macroautophagy in dendritic cells CC (PubMed:29434592). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of osteoclast CC differentiation factors such as NFATC1 and EEIG1 (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P23611, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:29434592}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts (via C-terminus) with TRIM21 (via C-terminus). CC Interacts with the BATF-JUNB heterodimer. Interacts with BATF (via bZIP CC domain); the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with CC COPS2. Interacts with SPI1 (PubMed:33951726). {ECO:0000250, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:10991940, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33951726}. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC Q02556; O14896: IRF6; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2866563, EBI-6115643; CC Q02556; Q96CV9: OPTN; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2866563, EBI-748974; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23166356, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610}. CC Note=In resting macrophages, localizes in the cytoplasm. Translocated CC in the nucleus upon IFN-gamma induction. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610}. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Predominantly expressed in lymphoid tissues. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1460054, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23166356}. CC -!- INDUCTION: By IFNG/IFN-gamma. Negatively regulated by microRNA-155 CC (miR155). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1460054, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23166356}. CC -!- PTM: Ubiquitinated (PubMed:25122610). Ubiquitination by TRIM21 in CC macrophages, a process that is strongly increased upon interferon gamma CC stimulation, leds to the enhanced transcriptional activity of target CC cytokine genes (By similarity). Ubiquitination leads to its degradation CC by the proteasome (PubMed:25122610). {ECO:0000250, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610}. CC -!- PTM: Sumoylated with SUMO3. Desumoylated by SENP1. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610}. CC -!- DISEASE: Immunodeficiency 32A (IMD32A) [MIM:614893]: An immunologic CC disorder characterized by abnormal peripheral blood myeloid phenotype CC with a marked loss of CD11C-positive/CD1C dendritic cells, resulting in CC selective susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21524210}. Note=The disease is caused by variants CC affecting the gene represented in this entry. CC -!- DISEASE: Immunodeficiency 32B (IMD32B) [MIM:226990]: An autosomal CC recessive primary immunodeficiency characterized by monocyte and CC dendritic cell deficiency, myeloproliferation, and susceptibility to CC severe opportunistic infections, including disseminated BCG infection CC and oral candidiasis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21524210, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610}. Note=The disease is caused by variants CC affecting the gene represented in this entry. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IRF family. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- CC ProRule:PRU00840}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; M91196; AAB63813.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC126247; AAI26248.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS10956.1; -. DR PIR; A45064; A45064. DR RefSeq; NP_002154.1; NM_002163.2. DR AlphaFoldDB; Q02556; -. DR SMR; Q02556; -. DR BioGRID; 109621; 54. DR IntAct; Q02556; 41. DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000268638; -. DR iPTMnet; Q02556; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; Q02556; -. DR BioMuta; IRF8; -. DR DMDM; 6016308; -. DR jPOST; Q02556; -. DR MassIVE; Q02556; -. DR MaxQB; Q02556; -. DR PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000268638; -. DR PeptideAtlas; Q02556; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 58110; -. DR Antibodypedia; 1058; 508 antibodies from 42 providers. DR DNASU; 3394; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000268638.10; ENSP00000268638.4; ENSG00000140968.12. DR Ensembl; ENST00000564803.6; ENSP00000456992.2; ENSG00000140968.12. DR Ensembl; ENST00000696887.1; ENSP00000512953.1; ENSG00000140968.12. DR GeneID; 3394; -. DR KEGG; hsa:3394; -. DR MANE-Select; ENST00000268638.10; ENSP00000268638.4; NM_002163.4; NP_002154.1. DR UCSC; uc002fjh.4; human. DR AGR; HGNC:5358; -. DR CTD; 3394; -. DR DisGeNET; 3394; -. DR GeneCards; IRF8; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:5358; IRF8. DR HPA; ENSG00000140968; Tissue enhanced (lymphoid). DR MalaCards; IRF8; -. DR MIM; 226990; phenotype. DR MIM; 601565; gene. DR MIM; 614893; phenotype. DR neXtProt; NX_Q02556; -. DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000140968; -. DR Orphanet; 319600; Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IRF8 deficiency. DR PharmGKB; PA29606; -. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000140968; -. DR eggNOG; ENOG502QT9P; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000158140; -. DR InParanoid; Q02556; -. DR OMA; SSYEQYH; -. DR OrthoDB; 3740806at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; Q02556; -. DR TreeFam; TF328512; -. DR PathwayCommons; Q02556; -. DR Reactome; R-HSA-877300; Interferon gamma signaling. DR Reactome; R-HSA-909733; Interferon alpha/beta signaling. DR SignaLink; Q02556; -. DR SIGNOR; Q02556; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 3394; 41 hits in 1181 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; IRF8; human. DR GeneWiki; IRF8; -. DR GenomeRNAi; 3394; -. DR Pharos; Q02556; Tbio. DR PRO; PR:Q02556; -. DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 16. DR RNAct; Q02556; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSG00000140968; Expressed in monocyte and 188 other cell types or tissues. DR ExpressionAtlas; Q02556; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0000785; C:chromatin; ISA:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IDA:HPA. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; ISA:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:0001227; F:DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IDA:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:1990837; F:sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding; IDA:ARUK-UCL. DR GO; GO:0006914; P:autophagy; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0071222; P:cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0071346; P:cellular response to type II interferon; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0042742; P:defense response to bacterium; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0042832; P:defense response to protozoan; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0097028; P:dendritic cell differentiation; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0002316; P:follicular B cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0002314; P:germinal center B cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0006955; P:immune response; TAS:ProtInc. DR GO; GO:0002376; P:immune system process; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0030099; P:myeloid cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0000122; P:negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006909; P:phagocytosis; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0002273; P:plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0043065; P:positive regulation of apoptotic process; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0032735; P:positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032729; P:positive regulation of type II interferon production; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0032479; P:regulation of type I interferon production; ISS:UniProtKB. DR CDD; cd00103; IRF; 1. DR Gene3D; 2.60.200.10; -; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.10.10; Winged helix-like DNA-binding domain superfamily/Winged helix DNA-binding domain; 1. DR InterPro; IPR019817; Interferon_reg_fac_CS. DR InterPro; IPR001346; Interferon_reg_fact_DNA-bd_dom. DR InterPro; IPR019471; Interferon_reg_factor-3. DR InterPro; IPR017855; SMAD-like_dom_sf. DR InterPro; IPR008984; SMAD_FHA_dom_sf. DR InterPro; IPR036388; WH-like_DNA-bd_sf. DR InterPro; IPR036390; WH_DNA-bd_sf. DR PANTHER; PTHR11949; INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR11949:SF7; INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR 8; 1. DR Pfam; PF00605; IRF; 1. DR Pfam; PF10401; IRF-3; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00267; INTFRNREGFCT. DR SMART; SM00348; IRF; 1. DR SMART; SM01243; IRF-3; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF49879; SMAD/FHA domain; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF46785; Winged helix' DNA-binding domain; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00601; IRF_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51507; IRF_2; 1. DR Genevisible; Q02556; HS. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Activator; Autophagy; Cytoplasm; Disease variant; DNA-binding; Nucleus; KW Reference proteome; Repressor; Transcription; Transcription regulation; KW Ubl conjugation. FT CHAIN 1..426 FT /note="Interferon regulatory factor 8" FT /id="PRO_0000154564" FT DNA_BIND 7..114 FT /note="IRF tryptophan pentad repeat" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00840" FT VARIANT 80 FT /note="T -> A (in IMD32A; impairs transcriptional activity FT by disrupting the interaction between IRF8 and DNA; FT dbSNP:rs397514711)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:21524210" FT /id="VAR_070084" FT VARIANT 81 FT /note="R -> K (in a breast cancer sample; somatic FT mutation)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:16959974" FT /id="VAR_036490" FT VARIANT 108 FT /note="K -> E (in IMD32B; in resting macrophages, no effect FT on cytoplasmic subcellular localization; loss of nuclear FT subcellular localization upon IFN-gamma induction; FT decreased protein abundance; increased proteasome-dependent FT degradation; increased ubiquitination and sumoylation; loss FT of transcriptional repressor activity; loss of FT IRF1-dependent transcriptional repressor activity; loss of FT IRF1-dependent transcriptional activator activity; impairs FT transcriptional activity by disrupting the interaction FT between IRF8 and DNA; dbSNP:rs397514710)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:21524210, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610" FT /id="VAR_070085" FT VARIANT 197 FT /note="A -> T (in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation; FT dbSNP:rs1372132995)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:16959974" FT /id="VAR_036491" FT MUTAGEN 108 FT /note="K->H: In resting macrophages, no effect on FT cytoplasmic subcellular localization. Decreased nuclear FT subcellular localization upon IFN-gamma induction. Partial FT loss of IRF1-dependent transcriptional activator activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610" FT MUTAGEN 108 FT /note="K->Q: In resting macrophages, no effect on FT cytoplasmic subcellular localization. Loss of nuclear FT subcellular localization upon IFN-gamma induction. Loss of FT IRF1-dependent transcriptional activator activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610" FT MUTAGEN 108 FT /note="K->R: In resting macrophages, no effect on FT cytoplasmic subcellular localization. No effect on nuclear FT subcellular localization upon IFN-gamma induction. No FT effect on transcriptional activator activity. No effect on FT IRF1-dependent transcriptional activator activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25122610" SQ SEQUENCE 426 AA; 48356 MW; 1535D1B7C83E0355 CRC64; MCDRNGGRRL RQWLIEQIDS SMYPGLIWEN EEKSMFRIPW KHAGKQDYNQ EVDASIFKAW AVFKGKFKEG DKAEPATWKT RLRCALNKSP DFEEVTDRSQ LDISEPYKVY RIVPEEEQKC KLGVATAGCV NEVTEMECGR SEIDELIKEP SVDDYMGMIK RSPSPPEACR SQLLPDWWAQ QPSTGVPLVT GYTTYDAHHS AFSQMVISFY YGGKLVGQAT TTCPEGCRLS LSQPGLPGTK LYGPEGLELV RFPPADAIPS ERQRQVTRKL FGHLERGVLL HSSRQGVFVK RLCQGRVFCS GNAVVCKGRP NKLERDEVVQ VFDTSQFFRE LQQFYNSQGR LPDGRVVLCF GEEFPDMAPL RSKLILVQIE QLYVRQLAEE AGKSCGAGSV MQAPEEPPPD QVFRMFPDIC ASHQRSFFRE NQQITV //