Q00729 (H2B1A_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Histone H2B type 1-A

Alternative name(s):
Histone H2B, testis
Testis-specific histone H2B

Gene names

Name:	Hist1h2ba
Synonyms:	Th2b

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	127 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
Subunit structure	The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Subcellular location	Nucleus. Chromosome.
Tissue specificity	Testis. Expressed in pachytene spermatocytes during meiotic prophase I in the absence of any significant DNA synthesis. Ref.3
Post-translational modification	Monoubiquitination at Lys-36 by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination of Lys-122 by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II By similarity. Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the histone H2B family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chromosome Nucleosome core Nucleus
Ligand	DNA-binding
PTM	Acetylation Isopeptide bond Methylation Phosphoprotein Ubl conjugation
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	cellular response to acid Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara inflammatory response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara mononuclear cell migration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nucleosome assembly Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro plasminogen activation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	extrinsic to plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nucleosome Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular_function	DNA binding Inferred from direct assay Ref.1. Source: RGD
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed By similarity
	Chain	2 – 127	126	Histone H2B type 1-A		PRO_0000071844
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	2	1	N-acetylproline By similarity
	Modified residue	7	1	N6-acetyllysine Ref.5
	Modified residue	7	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	13	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	13	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	14	1	N6-acetyllysine Ref.5
	Modified residue	14	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	17	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate Ref.5
	Modified residue	17	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	18	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	18	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	22	1	N6-acetyllysine Ref.5
	Modified residue	22	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	25	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	25	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	36	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	36	1	N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	38	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	44	1	Phosphotyrosine By similarity
	Modified residue	48	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	48	1	N6-methyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	59	1	N6,N6-dimethyllysine By similarity
	Modified residue	80	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	87	1	N6-acetyllysine By similarity
	Modified residue	110	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	110	1	N6-methyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Modified residue	114	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	118	1	N6-acetyllysine By similarity
	Modified residue	122	1	N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
	Cross-link	36		Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate By similarity
	Cross-link	122		Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	36	1	K → E in AAA74755. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	36	1	K → E in AAA74756. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q00729 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: 14CE190F91769548	FASTA	127	14,225
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPEVSAKGTT ISKKGFKKAV TKTQKKEGRK RKRCRKESYS IYIYKVLKQV HPDTGISSKA 70 80 90 100 110 120 MSIMNSFVTD IFERIAGEAS RLAHYNKRST ITSREIQTAV RLLLPGELAK HAVSEGTKAV TKYTSSK

References

[1]	"Molecular cloning and differential expression of somatic and testis-specific H2B histone genes during rat spermatogenesis." Kim Y.-J., Hwang I., Tres L.L., Kierszenbaum A.L., Chae C.-B. Dev. Biol. 124:23-34(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Testis.
[2]	"Presence of a bi-directional S phase-specific transcription regulatory element in the promoter shared by testis-specific TH2A and TH2B histone genes." Huh N.E., Hwang I., Lim K., You K.H., Chae C.-B. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:93-98(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Testis.
[3]	"S-phase-specific transcription regulatory elements are present in a replication-independent testis-specific H2B histone gene." Hwang I., Chae C.-B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:1005-1013(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-6, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Testis.
[4]	Lubec G., Chen W.-Q., Kang S.U., Lubec S. Submitted (SEP-2007) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 49-74 AND 102-110, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Brain and Hippocampus.
[5]	"Inhibition of core histones acetylation by carcinogenic nickel(II)." Golebiowski F., Kasprzak K.S. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 279:133-139(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-7; LYS-14; LYS-17 AND LYS-22.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M18045 mRNA. Translation: AAA74755.1. M18046 mRNA. Translation: AAA74756.1. X59962 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA42587.1. M25771 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA74754.1.
IPI	IPI00231976.
PIR	A45945. S26187.
RefSeq	NP_072169.1. NM_022643.1.
UniGene	Rn.10104.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	Q00729.
SMR	Q00729. Positions 6-127.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	10116.ENSRNOP00000022630.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	Q00729.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	Q00729.
PRIDE	Q00729.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000022630; ENSRNOP00000022630; ENSRNOG00000016865.
GeneID	24829.
KEGG	rno:24829.
UCSC	RGD:3855. rat.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	255626.
RGD	3855. Hist1h2ba.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG291964.
GeneTree	ENSGT00640000091455.
HOGENOM	HOG000231213.
HOVERGEN	HBG007774.
InParanoid	Q00729.
KO	K11252.
OMA	TQKKEGR.
OrthoDB	EOG4FN4K9.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	Q00729.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000016865. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.10.20.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR009072. Histone-fold. IPR007125. Histone_core_D. IPR000558. Histone_H2B. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR23428. PTHR23428. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00125. Histone. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00621. HISTONEH2B.
SMART	SM00427. H2B. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF47113. Histone-fold. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00357. HISTONE_H2B. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	604552.

Entry information

Entry name

H2B1A_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q00729
Secondary accession number(s): Q64677

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 1, 1993
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 98 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program