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Q00715 (H2B1_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified April 3, 2013. Version 100. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (1) | Third-party data text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
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Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
Histone H2B type 1
OrganismRattus norvegicus (Rat) [Reference proteome]
Taxonomic identifier10116 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length125 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

Has broad antibacterial activity. May contribute to the formation of the functional antimicrobial barrier of the colonic epithelium, and to the bactericidal activity of amniotic fluid By similarity.

Subunit structure

The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

Subcellular location

Nucleus. Chromosome.

Post-translational modification

Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-120 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II By similarity.

Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination. Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription By similarity.

Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes By similarity.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the histone H2B family.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Initiator methionine11Removed By similarity
Chain2 – 125124Histone H2B type 1
PRO_0000071841

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue61N6-acetyllysine; alternate Ref.4
Modified residue61N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue121N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue121N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue131N6-acetyllysine; alternate Ref.4
Modified residue131N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue151Phosphoserine; by STK4/MST1 By similarity
Modified residue161N6-acetyllysine; alternate Ref.4
Modified residue161N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue171N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue171N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue211N6-acetyllysine; alternate Ref.4
Modified residue211N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue241N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue241N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue351N6-crotonyl-L-lysine By similarity
Modified residue371Phosphoserine; by AMPK By similarity
Modified residue471N6-methylated lysine By similarity
Modified residue581N6-methylated lysine By similarity
Modified residue1081N6-acetyllysine; alternate By similarity
Modified residue1081N6-methylated lysine; alternate By similarity
Cross-link35Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin) By similarity
Cross-link120Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin) By similarity

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Q00715 [UniParc].

Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2.
Checksum: 43BF1F86A6DA221A

FASTA12513,990
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MPEPAKSRPA PKKGSKKAVT KAQKKDGKER KRSRKESYSV YVYKVLKQVH PDTGISSKAM 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
GIMNSFVNDI FERIAGERRL AHYNKRSTIT SREIQTAVRL LLPGELAKHA VSEGTKAVTK 


YTSSK

« Hide

References

[1]"Presence of a bi-directional S phase-specific transcription regulatory element in the promoter shared by testis-specific TH2A and TH2B histone genes."
Huh N.E., Hwang I., Lim K., You K.H., Chae C.-B.
Nucleic Acids Res. 19:93-98(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
Strain: Sprague-Dawley.
[2]"Molecular cloning and differential expression of somatic and testis-specific H2B histone genes during rat spermatogenesis."
Kim Y.-J., Hwang I., Tres L.L., Kierszenbaum A.L., Chae C.-B.
Dev. Biol. 124:23-34(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]Lubec G., Kang S.U., Lubec S.
Submitted (SEP-2007) to UniProtKB
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 36-44; 48-73 AND 100-108, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Strain: Sprague-Dawley.
Tissue: Brain.
[4]"Inhibition of core histones acetylation by carcinogenic nickel(II)."
Golebiowski F., Kasprzak K.S.
Mol. Cell. Biochem. 279:133-139(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-6; LYS-13; LYS-16 AND LYS-21.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ		X59961 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA42585.1.
IPIIPI00551802.
PIRB45945.
S26185.
RefSeqNP_072173.1. NM_022647.1.
UniGeneRn.112590.

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalQ00715.
SMRQ00715. Positions 5-125.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntActQ00715. 1 interaction.
STRING10116.ENSRNOP00000028779.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteQ00715.

Proteomic databases

PaxDbQ00715.
PRIDEQ00715.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

GeneID64647.
KEGGrno:64647.
UCSCRGD:621439. rat.

Organism-specific databases

CTD8340.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGNOG289161.
HOGENOMHOG000231213.
HOVERGENHBG007774.
InParanoidQ00715.
KOK11252.
OrthoDBEOG4FN4K9.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressQ00715.
GenevestigatorQ00715.
GermOnlineENSRNOG00000021198. Rattus norvegicus.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D1.10.20.10. 1 hit.
InterProIPR009072. Histone-fold.
IPR007125. Histone_core_D.
IPR000558. Histone_H2B.
[Graphical view]
PANTHERPTHR23428. PTHR23428. 1 hit.
PfamPF00125. Histone. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR00621. HISTONEH2B.
SMARTSM00427. H2B. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
SUPFAMSSF47113. Histone-fold. 1 hit.
PROSITEPS00357. HISTONE_H2B. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other

NextBio613637.

Entry information

Entry nameH2B1_RAT
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: Q00715
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: July 1, 1993
Last sequence update: January 23, 2007
Last modified: April 3, 2013
This is version 100 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

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