Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P93479 (RETO_PAPSO)

Names and originHide

Protein names

Recommended name:
Reticuline oxidase
EC=1.21.3.3

Alternative name(s):
Berberine bridge-forming enzyme
Short name=BBE
Tetrahydroprotoberberine synthase

Gene names

Name:

BBE1

Organism

Papaver somniferum (Opium poppy)

Taxonomic identifier

3469 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › Ranunculales › Papaveraceae › Papaver

Protein attributesHide

Sequence length	535 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Inferred from homology.

General annotation (Comments)Hide

Function	Essential to the formation of benzophenanthridine alkaloids in the response of plants to pathogenic attack. Catalyzes the stereospecific conversion of the N-methyl moiety of (S)-reticuline into the berberine bridge carbon of (S)-scoulerine.
Catalytic activity	(S)-reticuline + O2 = (S)-scoulerine + H2O2.
Cofactor	FAD. Metal ion.
Pathway	Alkaloid biosynthesis; (S)-scoulerine biosynthesis; (S)-scoulerine from (S)-reticuline: step 1/1.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasmic vesicle.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. Contains 1 FAD-binding PCMH-type domain.

OntologiesHide

Keywords
Biological process	Alkaloid metabolism
Cellular component	Cytoplasmic vesicle
Domain	Signal
Ligand	FAD Flavoprotein
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
PTM	Glycoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	alkaloid metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	FAD binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro reticuline oxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)Hide

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 23	23	Potential
	Chain	24 – 535	512	Reticuline oxidase		PRO_0000020426
Regions
	Domain	71 – 245	175	FAD-binding PCMH-type
Sites
	Binding site	104	1	FAD (covalent; via 2 links, pros nitrogen) By similarity
	Binding site	166	1	FAD (covalent; via 2 links) By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	42	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	475	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

SequencesHide

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P93479-1 [UniParc]. Last modified May 1, 1997. Version 1. Checksum: F0341EF38AB41239	FASTA	535	59,903
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MMCRSLTLRF FLFIVLLQTC VRGGDVNDNL LSSCLNSHGV HNFTTLSTDT NSDYFKLLHA 70 80 90 100 110 120 SMQNPLFAKP TVSKPSFIVM PGSKEELSST VHCCTRESWT IRLRSGGHSY EGLSYTADTP 130 140 150 160 170 180 FVIVDMMNLN RISIDVLSET AWVESGATLG ELYYAIAQST DTLGFTAGWC PTVGSGGHIS 190 200 210 220 230 240 GGGFGMMSRK YGLAADNVVD AILIDSNGAI LDREKMGDDV FWAIRGGGGG VWGAIYAWKI 250 260 270 280 290 300 KLLPVPEKLT VFRVTKNVGI EDASSLLHKW QYVADELDED FTVSVLGGVN GNDAWLMFLG 310 320 330 340 350 360 LHLGRKDAAK TIIDEKFPEL GLVDKEFQEM SWGESMAFLS GLDTISELNN RFLKFDERAF 370 380 390 400 410 420 KTKVDFTKVS VPLNVFRHAL EMLSEQPGGF IALNGFGGKM SEISTDFTPF PHRKGTKLMF 430 440 450 460 470 480 EYIIAWNQDE ESKIGEFSEW LAKFYDYLEP FVSKEPRVGY VNHIDLDIGG IDWRNKSSTT 490 500 510 520 530 NAVEIARNWG ERYFSSNYER LVKAKTLIDP NNVFNHPQSI PPMMKFEEIY MLKEL

ReferencesHide

[1]	"Molecular characterization of berberine bridge enzyme genes from opium poppy." Facchini P.J., Penzes C., Johnson A.G., Bull D. Plant Physiol. 112:1669-1677(1996) [PubMed: 8972604] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Marianne.

Cross-referencesHide

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF025430 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC61839.1.
PIR	T07969.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.21.3.3. 2645.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR012951. BBE. IPR016166. FAD-bd_2. IPR006094. Oxid_FAD_bind_N. IPR006093. Oxy_OxRdtase_FAD_BS. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF08031. BBE. 1 hit. PF01565. FAD_binding_4. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF56176. FAD-binding_2. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS51387. FAD_PCMH. 1 hit. PS00862. OX2_COVAL_FAD. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry informationHide

Entry name

RETO_PAPSO

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P93479

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	June 20, 2002
Last sequence update:	May 1, 1997
Last modified:	March 23, 2010
This is version 58 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)