P90986 (TY3H_CAEEL) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
January 25, 2012.
Version 85.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase EC=1.14.16.2 Alternative name(s): Abnormal catecholamine distribution protein 2 Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase Short name=TH | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Caenorhabditis elegans | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 6239 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Nematoda › Chromadorea › Rhabditida › Rhabditoidea › Rhabditidae › Peloderinae › Caenorhabditis |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 519 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Involved in the synthesis of catecholamines, such as dopamine. Has a role in serotonin signaling. Required for normal explorative and foraging behavior. Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8 |
| Catalytic activity | L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin. Ref.1 |
| Cofactor | Fe2+ ion. |
| Enzyme regulation | Inhibited by dopamine with an IC50 of 32.6 µM for the unphosphorylated form and 43.4 µM for the phosphorylated form. Ref.1 |
| Pathway | Catecholamine biosynthesis; dopamine biosynthesis; dopamine from L-tyrosine: step 1/2. |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in dopaminergic cells. Expressed in neurons in the head and middle body of the hermaphrodite, and six neurons in the tail of the male. Ref.3 |
| Disruption phenotype | Reduced (30-40% of wild type) level of dopamine thought to be due to defects in dopamine synthesis. Defects in serotonin signaling. Affects mechanosensory behavior including foraging and exploration activity. Hypersensitivity to odorants. Blocks the enhanced slowing response phenotype caused by bilobalide, a neuroprotective plant chemical. No significant effect on lifespan. Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 519 | 519 | Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase | PRO_0000205565 | |||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Metal binding | 347 | 1 | Iron By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 352 | 1 | Iron By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 392 | 1 | Iron By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 35 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by PKA Ref.1 | ||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 230 | 1 | F → L in CCD61947. Ref.1 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Divergence in enzyme regulation between Caenorhabditis elegans and human tyrosine hydroxylase, the key enzyme in the synthesis of dopamine." Calvo A.C., Pey A.L., Miranda-Vizuete A., Doskeland A.P., Martinez A. Biochem. J. 434:133-141(2011) [PubMed: 21087208] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, ENZYME REGULATION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-35. Strain: Bristol N2. |
| [2] | "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating biology." The C. elegans sequencing consortium Science 282:2012-2018(1998) [PubMed: 9851916] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Bristol N2. |
| [3] | "Patterning of dopaminergic neurotransmitter identity among Caenorhabditis elegans ray sensory neurons by a TGFbeta family signaling pathway and a Hox gene." Lints R., Emmons S.W. Development 126:5819-5831(1999) [PubMed: 10572056] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [4] | "Dopamine modulates the plasticity of mechanosensory responses in Caenorhabditis elegans." Sanyal S., Wintle R.F., Kindt K.S., Nuttley W.M., Arvan R., Fitzmaurice P., Bigras E., Merz D.C., Hebert T.E., van der Kooy D., Schafer W.R., Culotti J.G., Van Tol H.H. EMBO J. 23:473-482(2004) [PubMed: 14739932] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| [5] | "Dopamine and glutamate control area-restricted search behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans." Hills T., Brockie P.J., Maricq A.V. J. Neurosci. 24:1217-1225(2004) [PubMed: 14762140] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| [6] | "Serotonin receptors antagonistically modulate Caenorhabditis elegans longevity." Murakami H., Murakami S. Aging Cell 6:483-488(2007) [PubMed: 17559503] [Abstract] Cited for: DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| [7] | "Maze exploration and learning in C. elegans." Qin J., Wheeler A.R. Lab. Chip 7:186-192(2007) [PubMed: 17268620] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| [8] | "C. elegans G protein regulator RGS-3 controls sensitivity to sensory stimuli." Ferkey D.M., Hyde R., Haspel G., Dionne H.M., Hess H.A., Suzuki H., Schafer W.R., Koelle M.R., Hart A.C. Neuron 53:39-52(2007) [PubMed: 17196529] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| [9] | "Bilobalide modulates serotonin-controlled behaviors in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans." Brown M.K., Luo Y. BMC Neurosci. 10:62-62(2009) [PubMed: 19545409] [Abstract] Cited for: DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | HQ268827 Genomic DNA. Translation: ADZ54165.1. FO080203 Genomic DNA. Translation: CCD61947.1. |
| PIR | T25453. |
| UniGene | Cel.8024. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P90986. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | P90986. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | P90986. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| EnsemblMetazoa | B0432.5b; B0432.5b; B0432.5. |
| UCSC | B0432.5a. c. elegans. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 173411. |
| WormBase | B0432.5; CE45548; WBGene00000296; cat-2. |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | meNOG04044. |
| GeneTree | EMGT00050000016900. |
| HOGENOM | HBG484724. |
| InParanoid | P90986. |
| OMA | CSDAPEH. |
| PhylomeDB | P90986. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P90986. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR001273. ArAA_hydroxylase. IPR018301. ArAA_hydroxylase_Fe/CU_BS. IPR019774. Aromatic-AA_hydroxylase_C. IPR019773. Tyrosine_3-monooxygenase-like. [Graphical view] |
| Gene3D | G3DSA:1.10.800.10. Aaa_hydroxylase. 1 hit. |
| PANTHER | PTHR11473. Aaa_hydroxylase. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF00351. Biopterin_H. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PIRSF | PIRSF000336. TH. 1 hit. |
| PRINTS | PR00372. FYWHYDRXLASE. |
| SUPFAM | SSF56534. Aaa_hydroxylase. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00367. BH4_AAA_HYDROXYL_1. 1 hit. PS51410. BH4_AAA_HYDROXYL_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| NextBio | 879535. |
Entry information
| Entry name | TY3H_CAEEL | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P90986 Secondary accession number(s): E7EM31 Q5R3Y4 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Caenorhabditis annotation project | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Caenorhabditis elegans Caenorhabditis elegans: entries, gene names and cross-references to WormPep |
| PATHWAY comments Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

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