P86163 (OXLA_APLDA) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names	Recommended name: L-amino-acid oxidase Short name=LAAO Short name=LAO EC=1.4.3.2 Alternative name(s): Dactylomelin-P
Organism	Aplysia dactylomela (Spotted sea hare)
Taxonomic identifier	144766 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineage	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Protostomia › Lophotrochozoa › Mollusca › Gastropoda › Heterobranchia › Euthyneura › Euopisthobranchia › Aplysiomorpha › Aplysioidea › Aplysiidae › Aplysia

Protein attributes

Sequence length	26 AA.
Sequence status	Fragment.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of positively charged L-amino acids L-Lys and L-Arg but not of amino acids L-His, L-Asp or L-Glu. Has antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium S.aureus (MIC=15 µg/ml). This antibacterial activity is bacteriostatic in the absence of amino acids L-Lys or L-Arg but bactericidal in their presence. The antibacterial effect is largely dependent on H2O2 produced in the oxidative deamination of substrates. Has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes. Hemagglutinating activity is inhibited by the glycoprotein fetuin, but not by glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine or sialic acid. Ref.1 Ref.2
Catalytic activity	An L-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2. Ref.1
Cofactor	FAD. Ref.1
Subunit structure	Monomer. Ref.2
Subcellular location	Secreted Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.4.
Tissue specificity	Expressed by the ink gland. Ref.4
Post-translational modification	Not glycosylated. Ref.2 Ref.3
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: KM=0.22 mM for L-Lys Ref.1 KM=0.015 mM for L-Arg Ref.1 pH dependence: Optimum pH is 8. More than 50% activity is retained between pH 3 and 12. Inactive at pH 2. Ref.1 Temperature dependence: Activity remains stable after 30 min at 55 degrees Celsius. Ref.1

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Ligand	FAD Flavoprotein
Molecular function	Antibiotic Antimicrobial Hemagglutinin Oxidoreductase Toxin
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	defense response to bacterium Inferred from direct assay Ref.2. Source: UniProtKB modulation of blood coagulation in other organism Inferred from direct assay Ref.2. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred from direct assay Ref.2Ref.4. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	L-amino-acid oxidase activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – ›26	›26	L-amino-acid oxidase		PRO_0000413471
Experimental info
	Non-terminal residue	26	1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P86163 [UniParc]. Last modified October 19, 2011. Version 1. Checksum: 9B38D1C8D14C510E	FASTA	26	2,731
	10 20 DGVCSNRRQC NKEVCGSSYD VAIVGA

References

[1]	"Further characterization and mode of action of dactylomelin-P, an antibacterial protein isolated from the ink of the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela (Rang, 1828)." Tavares T.C.L., Nogueira V.L.R., Vasconcelos I.M., Gomes V.M., da Cunha M., Carvalho A.F.U., Melo V.M.M. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 0:0-0(2011) Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE, FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. Tissue: Ink.
[2]	"Purification of a novel antibacterial and haemagglutinating protein from the purple gland of the sea hare, Aplysia dactylomela rang, 1828." Melo V.M.M., Duarte A.B.G., Carvalho A.F.F.U., Siebra E.A., Vasconcelos I.M. Toxicon 38:1415-1427(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, ABSENCE OF GLYCOSYLATION. Tissue: Ink.
[3]	"Cloning, characterization and expression of escapin, a broadly antimicrobial FAD-containing L-amino acid oxidase from ink of the sea hare Aplysia californica." Yang H., Johnson P.M., Ko K.C., Kamio M., Germann M.W., Derby C.D., Tai P.C. J. Exp. Biol. 208:3609-3622(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ABSENCE OF GLYCOSYLATION.
[4]	"Packaging of chemicals in the defensive secretory glands of the sea hare Aplysia californica." Johnson P.M., Kicklighter C.E., Schmidt M., Kamio M., Yang H., Elkin D., Michel W.C., Tai P.C., Derby C.D. J. Exp. Biol. 209:78-88(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Ink.

Cross-references

3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Family and domain databases
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

OXLA_APLDA

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P86163

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 19, 2011
Last sequence update:	October 19, 2011
Last modified:	October 3, 2012
This is version 3 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Animal Toxin Annotation Program