Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P81375 (OXLA_VIPLE)

Names and origin

Protein names	Recommended name:     L-amino-acid oxidase       Short name=LAAO       Short name=LAO     EC=1.4.3.2
Organism	Vipera lebetina (Elephant snake) (Leventine viper)
Taxonomic identifier	8709 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineage	Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Lepidosauria › Squamata › Scleroglossa › Serpentes › Colubroidea › Viperidae › Viperinae › Macrovipera

Protein attributes

Sequence length	107 AA.
Sequence status	Fragments.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes an oxidative deamination of predominantly hydrophobic and aromatic L-amino acids (highest specificity towards L-Met, L-Trp, L-Leu followed by L-His, L-Phe, L-Arg and L-Ile. L-Gly, L-Ser, L-Thr, L-Pro, L-Cys, L-Asp are not oxidized). Inhibits both agonist-induced platelet aggregation. Has cytotoxic activity. Has an antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (E.coli) and Gram-positive (B.subtilis) bacteria. May also have an ability to induce apoptosis and hemorrhage. Ref.2
Catalytic activity	An L-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2.
Cofactor	FAD.
Subunit structure	Homodimer. Ref.2
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Expressed by the venom gland.
Post-translational modification	Glycosylated By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. FIG1 subfamily.
biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: KM=0.40 mM for L-Leu KM=0.65 mM for L-Met KM=0.17 mM for L-Trp Temperature dependence: Thermostable between 4 and 25 degrees Celsius. At -20 degrees Celsius, the remaining activity is 20%. Heating at 70 degrees Celsius inactivates the enzyme in 15 minutes.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Apoptosis Blood coagulation
Cellular component	Secreted
Ligand	FAD Flavoprotein
Molecular function	Antibiotic Antimicrobial Oxidoreductase Toxin
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	apoptosis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW blood coagulation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW defense response to bacterium Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW pathogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	L-amino-acid oxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – ›107	›107	L-amino-acid oxidase		PRO_0000099872
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	37 – 38	2	FAD By similarity
Sites
	Binding site	38	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	49	1	Substrate By similarity
Experimental info
	Non-adjacent residues	27 – 28	2
	Non-adjacent residues	38 – 39	2
	Non-adjacent residues	48 – 49	2
	Non-adjacent residues	57 – 58	2
	Non-adjacent residues	67 – 68	2
	Non-adjacent residues	79 – 80	2
	Non-adjacent residues	90 – 91	2
	Non-terminal residue	107	1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P81375-1 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: 576D2F829779B412	FASTA	107	12,435
	10 20 30 40 50 60 ADDKNPLEEC FREDDYEEFL EIAKNGLEGW YANLGPMRYP VKPSEEGKHD DIFAYEKFDE 70 80 90 100 IVGGMDKKFW EDDGIHGGKE TFCYSPMIQK PYQFQHFSEA LTAPVGR

References

[1]	Tan C.H., Ang W.C. Submitted (MAY-1998) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-27. Tissue: Venom.
[2]	"L-amino acid oxidase from Vipera lebetina venom: isolation, characterization, effects on platelets and bacteria." Tonismagi K., Samel M., Trummal K., Ronnholm G., Siigur J., Kalkkinen N., Siigur E. Toxicon 48:227-237(2006) [PubMed: 16828829] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 27-107, FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Venom.

Cross-references

3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1F8S based on UniProtKB P81382.
ModBase	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	P81375.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.4.3.2. 96083.
Family and domain databases
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

OXLA_VIPLE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P81375

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1998
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 34 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Tox-Prot (Toxin Annotation Project)