P80447 (G3P2_JACOR) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, liver
Short name=GAPDH
EC=1.2.1.12

Alternative name(s):
Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH
EC=2.6.99.-

Gene names

Name:	GAPDH
Synonyms:	GAPC, GAPD

Organism

Jaculus orientalis (Greater Egyptian jerboa)

Taxonomic identifier

48868 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Dipodidae › Dipodinae › Jaculus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	34 AA.
Sequence status	Fragment.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Also participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC By similarity.
Catalytic activity	D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH.
Pathway	Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 1/5.
Subunit structure	Homotetramer. Interacts with EIF1AD, USP25, PRKCI and WARS. Interacts with TPPP; the interaction is direct. Interacts (when S-nitrosylated) with SIAH1; leading to nuclear translocation. Interacts with RILPL1/GOSPEL, leading to prevent the interaction between GAPDH and SIAH1 and prevent nuclear translocation By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › cytosol By similarity. Nucleus By similarity. Note: Translocates to the nucleus following S-nitrosylation and interaction with SIAH1, which contains a nuclear localization signal By similarity.
Post-translational modification	ISGylated By similarity. S-nitrosylation leads to interaction with SIAH1, followed by translocation to the nucleus By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Apoptosis Glycolysis
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Nucleus
Ligand	NAD
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase Transferase
PTM	ADP-ribosylation Ubl conjugation
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	glycolysis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW neuron apoptosis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB protein stabilization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	cytosol Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB nucleus Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB nucleotide binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – ›34	›34	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, liver		PRO_0000145488
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	10 – 11	2	NAD By similarity
Sites
	Binding site	32	1	NAD By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	6	1	N → D in hibernating adult liver isoform.
Experimental info
	Non-terminal residue	34	1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P80447 [UniParc]. Last modified July 5, 2004. Version 3. Checksum: F53F42C52A7C041A	FASTA	34	3,588
	10 20 30 VKVGVNGFGR IGRLVTRAAF NSGKVDIVAI NDPF

References

[1]	"Occurrence of a differential expression of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in muscle and liver from euthermic and induced hibernating jerboa (Jaculus orientalis)." Soukri A., Valverde F., Hafid N., Elkebbaj M.S., Serrano A. Gene 181:139-145(1996) [PubMed: 8973322] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE.
[2]	"Evidence for a posttranslational covalent modification of liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in hibernating jerboa (Jaculus orientalis)." Soukri A., Hafid N., Valverde F., Elkebbaj M.S., Serrano A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1292:177-187(1996) [PubMed: 8547342] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-24. Tissue: Liver.

Cross-references

3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P80447.
SMR	P80447. Positions 1-34.
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR020831. GlycerAld/Erythrose_P_DH. IPR020828. GlycerAld_3-P_DH_NAD(P)-bd. IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd_dom. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.50.720. NAD(P)-bd. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR10836. GAP_DH. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00044. Gp_dh_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00071. GAPDH. Partial match. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

G3P2_JACOR

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P80447

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1995
Last sequence update:	July 5, 2004
Last modified:	December 14, 2011
This is version 69 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program