P78423 (X3CL1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
January 25, 2012.
Version 117.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Fractalkine Alternative name(s): C-X3-C motif chemokine 1 CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine Neurotactin Small-inducible cytokine D1 Cleaved into the following chain: | ||||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 397 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | The soluble form is chemotactic for T-cells and monocytes, but not for neutrophils. The membrane-bound form promotes adhesion of those leukocytes to endothelial cells. May play a role in regulating leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium. Binds to CX3CR1. |
| Subunit structure | Monomer. |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Small intestine, colon, testis, prostate, heart, brain, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. |
| Induction | By TNF and IL1/interleukin-1 in pulmonary endothelial cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells. |
| Post-translational modification | A soluble short 95 kDa form may be released by proteolytic cleavage from the long membrane-anchored form By similarity. O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans. Ref.4 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the intercrine delta family. |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 24 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 25 – 397 | 373 | Fractalkine | PRO_0000005252 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 25 – ?339 | 315 | Processed fractalkine | PRO_0000296224 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Regions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Topological domain | 25 – 341 | 317 | Extracellular Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transmembrane | 342 – 362 | 21 | Helical; Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Topological domain | 363 – 397 | 35 | Cytoplasmic Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Region | 25 – 100 | 76 | Chemokine | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Region | 101 – 341 | 241 | Mucin-like stalk | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sites | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Site | 339 – 340 | 2 | Cleavage; to produce soluble form Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 33 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 253 | 1 | O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 329 | 1 | O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 32 ↔ 58 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 36 ↔ 74 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 240 | 1 | A → V. Corresponds to variant rs35860084 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_048714 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 34 – 36 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 45 – 47 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 48 – 53 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 56 – 58 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 63 – 67 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 72 – 75 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 80 – 90 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 93 – 96 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif." Bazan J.F., Bacon K.B., Hardiman G., Wang W., Soo K., Rossi D., Greaves D.R., Zlotnik A., Schall T.J. Nature 385:640-644(1997) [PubMed: 9024663] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [2] | "Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q." Loftus B.J., Kim U.-J., Sneddon V.P., Kalush F., Brandon R., Fuhrmann J., Mason T., Crosby M.L., Barnstead M., Cronin L., Mays A.D., Cao Y., Xu R.X., Kang H.-L., Mitchell S., Eichler E.E., Harris P.C., Venter J.C., Adams M.D. Genomics 60:295-308(1999) [PubMed: 10493829] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [3] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [4] | "Enrichment of glycopeptides for glycan structure and attachment site identification." Nilsson J., Rueetschi U., Halim A., Hesse C., Carlsohn E., Brinkmalm G., Larson G. Nat. Methods 6:809-811(2009) [PubMed: 19838169] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-253 AND THR-329, STRUCTURE OF CARBOHYDRATES, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cerebrospinal fluid. |
| [5] | "Solution structure and dynamics of the CX3C chemokine domain of fractalkine and its interaction with an N-terminal fragment of CX3CR1." Mizoue L.S., Bazan J.F., Johnson E.C., Handel T.M. Biochemistry 38:1402-1414(1999) [PubMed: 9931005] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 25-100. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| Wikipedia CX3CL1 entry |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | U91835 mRNA. Translation: AAB50014.1. U84487 mRNA. Translation: AAB49679.1. AC004382 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC24307.1. BC001163 mRNA. Translation: AAH01163.1. BC016164 mRNA. Translation: AAH16164.1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00019771. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_002987.1. NM_002996.3. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.531668. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMR | P78423. Positions 29-98. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIP | DIP-5878N. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| STRING | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DMDM | 6175080. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PeptideAtlas | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000006053; ENSP00000006053; ENSG00000006210. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 6376. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:6376. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc002eli.1. human. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 6376. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC16P057406. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H-InvDB | HIX0013072. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:10647. CX3CL1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB026192. HPA040361. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 601880. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HBG127109. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG057269. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OMA | YQSLQGC. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG415GDN. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reactome | REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_CX3CL1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000006210. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR008097. Chemokine_fractalkine_CX3CL1. IPR001811. Chemokine_IL8-like_dom. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KO | K05508. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF00048. IL8. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PRINTS | PR01721. FRACTALKINE. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00199. SCY. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SUPFAM | SSF54117. Chemokine_IL8. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 24772. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PMAP-CutDB | P78423. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | X3CL1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P78423 Secondary accession number(s): O00672 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 16 Human chromosome 16: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with