ID   GBG1_HUMAN              Reviewed;          74 AA.
AC   P63211; A4D1H2; O43835; Q08447; Q16026; Q6LCP6;
DT   27-SEP-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-JAN-2007, sequence version 2.
DT   24-JAN-2024, entry version 162.
DE   RecName: Full=Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1;
DE   AltName: Full=Transducin gamma chain;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=GNGT1;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC   Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA].
RX   PubMed=8500562; DOI=10.1006/exer.1993.1063;
RA   Tao L., Pandey S., Simon M.I., Fong H.K.;
RT   "Structure of the bovine transducin gamma subunit gene and analysis of
RT   promoter function in transgenic mice.";
RL   Exp. Eye Res. 56:497-507(1993).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC   TISSUE=Blood;
RX   PubMed=8661128; DOI=10.1006/geno.1996.0346;
RA   Scherer S.W., Feinstein D.S., Oliveira L., Tsui L.-C., Pittler S.J.;
RT   "Gene structure and chromosome localization to 7q21.3 of the human rod
RT   photoreceptor transducin gamma-subunit gene (GNGT1).";
RL   Genomics 35:241-243(1996).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S.;
RT   "cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by
RT   the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org).";
RL   Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B.;
RT   "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry
RT   vector (pDONR201).";
RL   Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=12690205; DOI=10.1126/science.1083423;
RA   Scherer S.W., Cheung J., MacDonald J.R., Osborne L.R., Nakabayashi K.,
RA   Herbrick J.-A., Carson A.R., Parker-Katiraee L., Skaug J., Khaja R.,
RA   Zhang J., Hudek A.K., Li M., Haddad M., Duggan G.E., Fernandez B.A.,
RA   Kanematsu E., Gentles S., Christopoulos C.C., Choufani S., Kwasnicka D.,
RA   Zheng X.H., Lai Z., Nusskern D.R., Zhang Q., Gu Z., Lu F., Zeesman S.,
RA   Nowaczyk M.J., Teshima I., Chitayat D., Shuman C., Weksberg R.,
RA   Zackai E.H., Grebe T.A., Cox S.R., Kirkpatrick S.J., Rahman N.,
RA   Friedman J.M., Heng H.H.Q., Pelicci P.G., Lo-Coco F., Belloni E.,
RA   Shaffer L.G., Pober B., Morton C.C., Gusella J.F., Bruns G.A.P., Korf B.R.,
RA   Quade B.J., Ligon A.H., Ferguson H., Higgins A.W., Leach N.T.,
RA   Herrick S.R., Lemyre E., Farra C.G., Kim H.-G., Summers A.M., Gripp K.W.,
RA   Roberts W., Szatmari P., Winsor E.J.T., Grzeschik K.-H., Teebi A.,
RA   Minassian B.A., Kere J., Armengol L., Pujana M.A., Estivill X.,
RA   Wilson M.D., Koop B.F., Tosi S., Moore G.E., Boright A.P., Zlotorynski E.,
RA   Kerem B., Kroisel P.M., Petek E., Oscier D.G., Mould S.J., Doehner H.,
RA   Doehner K., Rommens J.M., Vincent J.B., Venter J.C., Li P.W., Mural R.J.,
RA   Adams M.D., Tsui L.-C.;
RT   "Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.";
RL   Science 300:767-772(2003).
RN   [6]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RA   Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M.,
RA   Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J.,
RA   Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S.,
RA   Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H.,
RA   Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K.,
RA   Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D.,
RA   Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.;
RL   Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [7]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=12853948; DOI=10.1038/nature01782;
RA   Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H.,
RA   Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K.,
RA   Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A.,
RA   Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Cordes M., Du H., Sun H.,
RA   Edwards J., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Andrews S., Isak A., Vanbrunt A.,
RA   Nguyen C., Du F., Lamar B., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P.,
RA   Bielicki L., Scott K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Harris A., Strong C.M.,
RA   Hou S., Tomlinson C., Dauphin-Kohlberg S., Kozlowicz-Reilly A., Leonard S.,
RA   Rohlfing T., Rock S.M., Tin-Wollam A.-M., Abbott A., Minx P., Maupin R.,
RA   Strowmatt C., Latreille P., Miller N., Johnson D., Murray J.,
RA   Woessner J.P., Wendl M.C., Yang S.-P., Schultz B.R., Wallis J.W.,
RA   Spieth J., Bieri T.A., Nelson J.O., Berkowicz N., Wohldmann P.E.,
RA   Cook L.L., Hickenbotham M.T., Eldred J., Williams D., Bedell J.A.,
RA   Mardis E.R., Clifton S.W., Chissoe S.L., Marra M.A., Raymond C., Haugen E.,
RA   Gillett W., Zhou Y., James R., Phelps K., Iadanoto S., Bubb K., Simms E.,
RA   Levy R., Clendenning J., Kaul R., Kent W.J., Furey T.S., Baertsch R.A.,
RA   Brent M.R., Keibler E., Flicek P., Bork P., Suyama M., Bailey J.A.,
RA   Portnoy M.E., Torrents D., Chinwalla A.T., Gish W.R., Eddy S.R.,
RA   McPherson J.D., Olson M.V., Eichler E.E., Green E.D., Waterston R.H.,
RA   Wilson R.K.;
RT   "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.";
RL   Nature 424:157-164(2003).
RN   [8]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Placenta;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved
CC       as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling
CC       systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase
CC       activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector
CC       interaction.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
CC   -!- INTERACTION:
CC       P63211; Q9H8Y8: GORASP2; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-10220715, EBI-739467;
CC       P63211; Q8NCY6: MSANTD4; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-10220715, EBI-7850168;
CC       P63211; Q92575: UBXN4; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-10220715, EBI-723441;
CC       P63211; G5E9M4: ZNF277; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-10220715, EBI-11995620;
CC       P63211; Q8WWA6: ZNF277; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-10220715, EBI-10192794;
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Lipid-anchor
CC       {ECO:0000305}; Cytoplasmic side {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Retinal rod outer segment.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G protein gamma family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; S62027; AAB26896.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; S62026; AAD13931.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; U41492; AAB92386.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; U41493; AAB92387.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF493869; AAM12583.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; CR456912; CAG33193.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AC002076; AAS02021.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CH236949; EAL24139.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CH471091; EAW76806.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC029367; AAH29367.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS5633.1; -.
DR   PIR; I62760; I62760.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001316355.1; NM_001329426.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_068774.1; NM_021955.4.
DR   PDB; 7L0P; EM; 4.10 A; G=2-74.
DR   PDB; 7L0Q; EM; 4.30 A; G=2-74.
DR   PDB; 7L0R; EM; 4.20 A; G=2-74.
DR   PDB; 7L0S; EM; 4.50 A; G=2-74.
DR   PDBsum; 7L0P; -.
DR   PDBsum; 7L0Q; -.
DR   PDBsum; 7L0R; -.
DR   PDBsum; 7L0S; -.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P63211; -.
DR   EMDB; EMD-23099; -.
DR   EMDB; EMD-23100; -.
DR   EMDB; EMD-23101; -.
DR   EMDB; EMD-23102; -.
DR   SMR; P63211; -.
DR   BioGRID; 109054; 21.
DR   CORUM; P63211; -.
DR   DIP; DIP-471N; -.
DR   IntAct; P63211; 10.
DR   STRING; 9606.ENSP00000248572; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P63211; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; P63211; -.
DR   BioMuta; GNGT1; -.
DR   DMDM; 52783592; -.
DR   MassIVE; P63211; -.
DR   PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000248572; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; P63211; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 57506; -.
DR   Antibodypedia; 30066; 99 antibodies from 22 providers.
DR   DNASU; 2792; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000248572.10; ENSP00000248572.5; ENSG00000127928.13.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000429473.1; ENSP00000388777.1; ENSG00000127928.13.
DR   GeneID; 2792; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:2792; -.
DR   MANE-Select; ENST00000248572.10; ENSP00000248572.5; NM_021955.5; NP_068774.1.
DR   UCSC; uc003unc.2; human.
DR   AGR; HGNC:4411; -.
DR   CTD; 2792; -.
DR   DisGeNET; 2792; -.
DR   GeneCards; GNGT1; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:4411; GNGT1.
DR   HPA; ENSG00000127928; Tissue enriched (retina).
DR   MIM; 189970; gene.
DR   neXtProt; NX_P63211; -.
DR   OpenTargets; ENSG00000127928; -.
DR   PharmGKB; PA28790; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000127928; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG4119; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT01100000263525; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_168377_2_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; P63211; -.
DR   OMA; CEEVMEY; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 5344095at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; P63211; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF319909; -.
DR   PathwayCommons; P63211; -.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-1296041; Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-202040; G-protein activation.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-2485179; Activation of the phototransduction cascade.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-2514859; Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-381676; Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-392170; ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-392451; G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-392851; Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-400042; Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-4086398; Ca2+ pathway.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-416476; G alpha (q) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-416482; G alpha (12/13) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418217; G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418555; G alpha (s) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418592; ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418594; G alpha (i) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418597; G alpha (z) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-420092; Glucagon-type ligand receptors.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-428930; Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-432040; Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-456926; Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs).
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-500657; Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-6814122; Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-8964315; G beta:gamma signalling through BTK.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-8964616; G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9009391; Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9634597; GPER1 signaling.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9660821; ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-997272; Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits.
DR   SignaLink; P63211; -.
DR   SIGNOR; P63211; -.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 2792; 16 hits in 1112 CRISPR screens.
DR   ChiTaRS; GNGT1; human.
DR   GeneWiki; GNGT1; -.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 2792; -.
DR   Pharos; P63211; Tbio.
DR   PRO; PR:P63211; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 7.
DR   RNAct; P63211; Protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSG00000127928; Expressed in pigmented layer of retina and 45 other cell types or tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; P63211; baseline and differential.
DR   GO; GO:0005834; C:heterotrimeric G-protein complex; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0097381; C:photoreceptor disc membrane; TAS:Reactome.
DR   GO; GO:0001917; C:photoreceptor inner segment; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0031681; F:G-protein beta-subunit binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0003924; F:GTPase activity; TAS:ProtInc.
DR   GO; GO:0010659; P:cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0071456; P:cellular response to hypoxia; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0042462; P:eye photoreceptor cell development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0007186; P:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0007602; P:phototransduction; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0008104; P:protein localization; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0007165; P:signal transduction; NAS:ProtInc.
DR   CDD; cd00068; GGL; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 4.10.260.10; Transducin (heterotrimeric G protein), gamma chain; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR015898; G-protein_gamma-like_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR036284; GGL_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR001770; Gprotein-gamma.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR13809:SF26; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN G(T) SUBUNIT GAMMA-T1; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR13809; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN GAMMA SUBUNIT; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00631; G-gamma; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00321; GPROTEING.
DR   SMART; SM01224; G_gamma; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00224; GGL; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF48670; Transducin (heterotrimeric G protein), gamma chain; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50058; G_PROTEIN_GAMMA; 1.
DR   Genevisible; P63211; HS.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   3D-structure; Cell membrane; Lipoprotein; Membrane; Methylation;
KW   Prenylation; Reference proteome; Transducer.
FT   INIT_MET        1
FT                   /note="Removed"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02698"
FT   CHAIN           2..71
FT                   /note="Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit
FT                   gamma-T1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02698"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000012605"
FT   PROPEP          72..74
FT                   /note="Removed in mature form"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02698"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000012606"
FT   MOD_RES         71
FT                   /note="Cysteine methyl ester"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02698"
FT   LIPID           71
FT                   /note="S-farnesyl cysteine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02698"
FT   VARIANT         50
FT                   /note="E -> K (in dbSNP:rs17243826)"
FT                   /id="VAR_033949"
SQ   SEQUENCE   74 AA;  8496 MW;  B12B42BE00DB1C05 CRC64;
     MPVINIEDLT EKDKLKMEVD QLKKEVTLER MLVSKCCEEV RDYVEERSGE DPLVKGIPED
     KNPFKELKGG CVIS
//