P63211 (GBG1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1

Alternative name(s):
Transducin gamma chain

Gene names

Name:

GNGT1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	74 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
Subunit structure	G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Potential.
Tissue specificity	Retinal rod outer segment.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the G protein gamma family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Molecular function	Transducer
PTM	Lipoprotein Methylation Prenylation
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cellular response to hypoxia Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara eye photoreceptor cell development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara phototransduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara protein localization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara signal transduction Non-traceable author statement Ref.8. Source: ProtInc synaptic transmission Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Cellular_component	heterotrimeric G-protein complex Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara photoreceptor inner segment Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara photoreceptor outer segment Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara plasma membrane Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Molecular_function	GTPase activity Traceable author statement Ref.8. Source: ProtInc signal transducer activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed By similarity
	Chain	2 – 71	70	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1		PRO_0000012605
	Propeptide	72 – 74	3	Removed in mature form By similarity		PRO_0000012606
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	71	1	Cysteine methyl ester By similarity
	Lipidation	71	1	S-farnesyl cysteine By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	50	1	E → K. Corresponds to variant rs17243826 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_033949

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P63211 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: B12B42BE00DB1C05	FASTA	74	8,496
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPVINIEDLT EKDKLKMEVD QLKKEVTLER MLVSKCCEEV RDYVEERSGE DPLVKGIPED 70 KNPFKELKGG CVIS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Structure of the bovine transducin gamma subunit gene and analysis of promoter function in transgenic mice." Tao L., Pandey S., Simon M.I., Fong H.K. Exp. Eye Res. 56:497-507(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA].
[2]	"cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org)." Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[3]	"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[4]	"Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology." Scherer S.W., Cheung J., MacDonald J.R., Osborne L.R., Nakabayashi K., Herbrick J.-A., Carson A.R., Parker-Katiraee L., Skaug J., Khaja R., Zhang J., Hudek A.K., Li M., Haddad M., Duggan G.E., Fernandez B.A., Kanematsu E., Gentles S. , Christopoulos C.C., Choufani S., Kwasnicka D., Zheng X.H., Lai Z., Nusskern D.R., Zhang Q., Gu Z., Lu F., Zeesman S., Nowaczyk M.J., Teshima I., Chitayat D., Shuman C., Weksberg R., Zackai E.H., Grebe T.A., Cox S.R., Kirkpatrick S.J., Rahman N., Friedman J.M., Heng H.H.Q., Pelicci P.G., Lo-Coco F., Belloni E., Shaffer L.G., Pober B., Morton C.C., Gusella J.F., Bruns G.A.P., Korf B.R., Quade B.J., Ligon A.H., Ferguson H., Higgins A.W., Leach N.T., Herrick S.R., Lemyre E., Farra C.G., Kim H.-G., Summers A.M., Gripp K.W., Roberts W., Szatmari P., Winsor E.J.T., Grzeschik K.-H., Teebi A., Minassian B.A., Kere J., Armengol L., Pujana M.A., Estivill X., Wilson M.D., Koop B.F., Tosi S., Moore G.E., Boright A.P., Zlotorynski E., Kerem B., Kroisel P.M., Petek E., Oscier D.G., Mould S.J., Doehner H., Doehner K., Rommens J.M., Vincent J.B., Venter J.C., Li P.W., Mural R.J., Adams M.D., Tsui L.-C. Science 300:767-772(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7." Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L. , Nash W.E., Cordes M., Du H., Sun H., Edwards J., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Andrews S., Isak A., Vanbrunt A., Nguyen C., Du F., Lamar B., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P., Bielicki L., Scott K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Harris A., Strong C.M., Hou S., Tomlinson C., Dauphin-Kohlberg S., Kozlowicz-Reilly A., Leonard S., Rohlfing T., Rock S.M., Tin-Wollam A.-M., Abbott A., Minx P., Maupin R., Strowmatt C., Latreille P., Miller N., Johnson D., Murray J., Woessner J.P., Wendl M.C., Yang S.-P., Schultz B.R., Wallis J.W., Spieth J., Bieri T.A., Nelson J.O., Berkowicz N., Wohldmann P.E., Cook L.L., Hickenbotham M.T., Eldred J., Williams D., Bedell J.A., Mardis E.R., Clifton S.W., Chissoe S.L., Marra M.A., Raymond C., Haugen E., Gillett W., Zhou Y., James R., Phelps K., Iadanoto S., Bubb K., Simms E., Levy R., Clendenning J., Kaul R., Kent W.J., Furey T.S., Baertsch R.A., Brent M.R., Keibler E., Flicek P., Bork P., Suyama M., Bailey J.A., Portnoy M.E., Torrents D., Chinwalla A.T., Gish W.R., Eddy S.R., McPherson J.D., Olson M.V., Eichler E.E., Green E.D., Waterston R.H., Wilson R.K. Nature 424:157-164(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[7]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Placenta.
[8]	"Gene structure and chromosome localization to 7q21.3 of the human rod photoreceptor transducin gamma-subunit gene (GNGT1)." Scherer S.W., Feinstein D.S., Oliveira L., Tsui L.-C., Pittler S.J. Genomics 35:241-243(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-33. Tissue: Blood.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	S62027 mRNA. Translation: AAB26896.1. S62026 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD13931.1. AF493869 mRNA. Translation: AAM12583.1. CR456912 mRNA. Translation: CAG33193.1. AC002076 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAS02021.1. CH236949 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAL24139.1. CH471091 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW76806.1. BC029367 mRNA. Translation: AAH29367.1. U41492 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB92386.1.
IPI	IPI00221386.
PIR	I62760.
RefSeq	NP_068774.1. NM_021955.3.
UniGene	Hs.732212.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P63211.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP	DIP-471N.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000248572.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P63211.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	52783592.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P63211.
PRIDE	P63211.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	2792.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000248572; ENSP00000248572; ENSG00000127928. ENST00000429473; ENSP00000388777; ENSG00000127928.
GeneID	2792.
KEGG	hsa:2792.
UCSC	uc003unc.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2792.
GeneCards	GC07P093180.
HGNC	HGNC:4411. GNGT1.
HPA	HPA042721.
MIM	189970. gene.
neXtProt	NX_P63211.
PharmGKB	PA28790.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG291971.
HOVERGEN	HBG014983.
InParanoid	P63211.
KO	K04548.
OMA	EVKLERW.
PhylomeDB	P63211.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Pathway_Interaction_DB	rhodopsin_pathway. Visual signal transduction: Rods.
Reactome	REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_111217. Metabolism. REACT_13685. Neuronal System. REACT_15518. Transmembrane transport of small molecules. REACT_604. Hemostasis.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P63211.
Bgee	P63211.
CleanEx	HS_GNGT1.
Genevestigator	P63211.
GermOnline	ENSG00000127928. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	4.10.260.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR015898. G-protein_gamma-like_dom. IPR001770. Gprotein-gamma. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR13809. PTHR13809. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00631. G-gamma. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00321. GPROTEING.
SMART	SM00224. GGL. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF48670. G-protein_gamma-like. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS50058. G_PROTEIN_GAMMA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	GNGT1. human.
GenomeRNAi	2792.
NextBio	11001.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GBG1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P63211
Secondary accession number(s): A4D1H2 , O43835, Q08447, Q16026

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	September 27, 2004
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 87 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.